6th Grade Prentice Hall Writing and Grammar, Chapter 3 Test – Flashcards
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compound verb
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To combine two sentences with the word "and" and both verbs in the sentence.
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compound object
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Combining two sentences with "and".
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compound sentence
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Two sentences combined with a comma.
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coordinating conjunction
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Sentence combiners such as and, but, or, nor, or by using a semicolon.
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subordinate clause
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It contains a subject and verb but does not express a complete thought.
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adjective clause
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It's a subordinate clause that begins with who, whom, whose, which, or that to join sentences together.
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adverb clause
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a subordinate clause that begins with a subordinating conjunction such as although, after, because, or until.
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topic sentence
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The main idea of a paragraph is usually stated in the paragraph's topic sentence.
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3 pointers for writing a topic sentence
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1. Review Details 2. Group related details 3. Write a statement that pulls the details together
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Supporting sentences
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Facts or statistics to support the topic sentence.
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Illustration
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A specific person, place, thing, or event that demonstrates a point.
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Detail
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The specifics that make your main idea or key point clear by showing how all the pieces fit together.
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Paragraph patterns
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You can vary the order of these types of sentences in a paragraph. Topic Restatement Illlustration
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Unity
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When all of the sentences in a paragraph relate to the main idea.
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Coherence
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The supporting ideas must be logically connected and the reader should be able to see how one idea relates to another.
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3 Parts of a composition
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1. Introduction 2. Body 3. Conclusion
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Introduction
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It presents the subject of your composition.
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Lead sentence
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It's the first sentence.
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Thesis statement
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The main points of the composition.
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Body
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Several paragraphs that develop, explain, illustrate, and support the main ideas in the thesis statement.
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Conclusion
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The final paragraph of the composition.
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2 Types of paragraphs
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1. Topical 2. Functional
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Topical paragraph
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Consists of a group of sentences containing one main idea sentence and several sentences that support or illustrate that main idea.
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Functional Paragraph
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They are used for specific purposes.
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Purposes of Functional Paragraphs
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1. To arouse or sustain interest 2. To create emphasis 3. To indicate dialogue 4. To make a transition
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Paragraph block
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Several paragraphs that support the same main idea or topic sentence.
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Elements of Writing Style
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1. sentence variety 2. Diction 3. Tone
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sentence variety
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Different writing tastes and styles.
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diction
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The particular words you use to add to the style, or overall effect, of a paragraph.
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tone
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Your attitude towards your subject is conveyed in the tone of your writing.
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Conventions of Formal English
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1. avoid contractions 2. Don't use slang 3. Use standard English grammar usage
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Informal English
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1. can use contractions 2. can use popular expressions
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media
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Different sources to get news from.
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print media
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Definition: Draw readers' attention headlines and key points in bold. Examples: Newspapers and magazines
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broadcast media
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definition: Combine sound, images, and live narrations Examples: Radio and television
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Strategy questions
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Ask whether a given revision is appropriate in the context of the essay.
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organizing questions
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ask you to choose the most logical sequence of ideas or decide whether a sentence should be added, deleted, or moved.
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style questions
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focus on conveying the writer's point if veiw and the use of appropriate and effective language for the intended audience.
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