31 – Microbiology – Flashcards
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| This bacterial disease of the digestive system or intoxication, is passed from the nasal passages to the hands to food: |
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| Staphylococcal Food Poisoning |
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| This is the bacteria that causes Staphylococcal Food poisoning: |
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| Staphylococcus aureus |
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| Staphylococcal Food Poisoning occurs on food stored at __ and the enterotoxin produces __ that can survive boiling water for 30 minutes |
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Room Temperature Exotoxins |
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| The foods most likely to be contaminated with Staphylococcal Food Poisoning are ham, custards, creams and salads with mayonnaise because of __ and __ |
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Proteins Salts |
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| The incubation period for Staphylococcal Food Poisoning is __ to __ hours and the treatment is rehydration |
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| 1-6 |
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| This bacterial disease of the digestive system that causes gastroenteritis from poultry, eggs and raw egg products and 40,000-50,000 cases are reported every year: |
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| Salmonellosis |
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| This is the gram negative rod bacteria that causes Salmonellosis: |
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| Salmonella sp. |
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| The incubation period for Salmonellosis is __ to __ hours and pet reptiles can carry the microbe |
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| 12-36 |
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| Prevention of Salmonellosis is to cook poultry and eggs thoroughly, to avoid __ and treatment is rehydration |
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| Cross-contamination |
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| There are 500 cases of this bacterial disease of the digestive system per year and it is very invasive and the bacteria multiplies in phagocytic cells: |
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| Typhoid Fever |
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| Typhoid Fever is found only in __ and the incubation period is __ |
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Humans 2 weeks |
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| In Typhoid Fever, the symptoms in the 1st week is a high fever of __ and the 2nd and 3rd week is diarrhea |
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| 104°F |
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| Typhoid Fever can be found in the feces of carriers for six months or longer like __ and __ to __ patients become carriers |
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Typhoid Mary 1-3% |
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| Typhoid Fever treatment is __ |
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| Cephalosporins |
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| This bacterial disease of the digestive system that causes blood and mucous in the stools, a fever and up to 20 bowel movements per day: |
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| Shigellosis (Bacillary Dystentery) |
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| Shigellosis (Bacilliary Dysentery) is caused by this gram negative rod bacteria that causes both intoxication and infection: |
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| Shigella sp. |
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| Shigellosis (Bacillary Dysentery) is treated with __ and rehydration; the infective dose is small because the bacteria is not affected by stomach acidity |
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| Antibiotics |
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| This bacterial disease of the digestive system is an endemic in Asia/India and can make a person lose 12-20 liters of fluid per day: |
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| Cholera |
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| Cholera is caused by the bacteria: |
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| Vibrio cholera |
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| Vibrio cholera produces and exotoxin known as: |
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| Choleratoxin |
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| When a person is infected with Cholera, they can lose up to __ of body weight in hours, blood becomes viscous and the outcome is possible shock and death |
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| 10% |
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| Cholera is diagnosed by __ stools |
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| Rice water |
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| The mortality rate in Cholera is __ if treated and __ if untreated |
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1% 50% |
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| Treatment for Cholera is __ and rehydration and it was an epidemic in Latin America from 1991-94 |
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| Tetracycline |
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| Vibrio cholera is both a __ and fresh water microbe |
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| Halophile |
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| This is a halophilic bacteria that comes from uncooked, contaminated shellfish and found in coastal waters of the United States: |
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| Vibrio parahaemolyticus |
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| Treatment of Vibrio parahaemolyticus is with __ and rehydration |
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| Antibiotics |
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| This bacterial disease of the digestive system caused by normal flora of the GI tract that become pathogenic: |
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| Escherichia coli Gastroenteritis |
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| Pathogenic strains of E. coli produce __ |
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| Endotoxins |
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| Traveler's Diarrhea is caused by E. coli __ of the time and by Shigella sp. __ of the time |
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60% 20% |
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| This enterohemorrhagic strain of E. coli is responsible for hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS): |
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| Serotype O157:H7 |
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| The USDA estimates that __ of ground beef is contaminated with E. coli and it is also found on lettuce, spinach and tomatoes |
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| 90% |
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| This bacterial disease of the digestive system is associated with poultry products and is the leading cause of diarrhea in the U.S. with 2 million cases per year: |
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| Campylobacter Gastroenteritis |
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| Campylobacter Gastroenteritis is caused by this gram negative rod bacteri that inhabits the intestinal tract of chickens: |
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| Campylobacter jejuni |
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| Campylobacter Gastroenteritis has symptoms of diarrhea, cramping, abdominal pain, fever and recover can take __ week or longer |
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| One |
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| This bacterial disease of the digestive system that is associated with meats and stews contaminated with intestinal contents of the animal during slaughter and with institutional cooking: |
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| Clostridium perfringens Gastroenteritis |
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| Clostridium perfringens Gastroenteritis is caused by a gram __ rod, anaerobic, spore forming bacteria that produces __ |
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Positive Enterotoxins |
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| The incubation period of Clostridium perfringens Gastroenteritis is __ hours |
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| 12 |
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| This bacterial disease of the digestive system occurs in hospitals and nursing homes and is usually associated with extended antibiotic use: |
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| Clostridium difficles Associated Diarrhea |
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| Clostridium difficles Associated Diarrhea is caused by a gram __, anaerobic, endospore forming bacteria that produces __ |
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Positive Enterotoxins |
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| Clostridium difficles Associated Diarrhea symptoms range from mild diarrhea to life-threatening colitis and diagnosis is made by detection of __ in stools |
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| Toxins |
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| Treatment of Clostridium difficles Associate Diarrhea is to discountinue the antibiotic that is making it occur and to use __ and rehydration |
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| Metronidiazole |
