1.15 U.S. History UNIT 1 – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
Before becoming President, Franklin Roosevelt was the governor of New York. Describe his background?
answer
Grew up in a wealthy family, attended elite private school.
question
What happened to Franklin Roosevelt that enhanced his ability to relate to people and understand their problems? Why was he in a wheelchair?
answer
Polio left him unable to walk
question
What had the greatest influence on Franklin Roosevelts victory in the 1932 presidential race?
answer
The Hoover administration had not resolved the country's economic problems
question
Why was Herbert Hoover, an incumbent president, easily defeated by Franklin Roosevelt?
answer
The country's economic problems had grown worse and people thought Hoover wasn't doing enough
question
In his inaugural address, Roosevelt said, "the only thing we have to fear is fear itself." What did he mean?
answer
A positive attitude could help resolve the economic problems
question
What technique did Franklin Roosevelt use to keep the American public informed?
answer
A positive attitude could help resolve the economic crisis
question
Which themes (3 Rs) for government action emerged during FDR's first hundred days as president?
answer
Relief to individuals, economic recovery, reforms to avoid future economic disaster
question
Why did congress pass numerous pieces of legislation during the first Hundred days of Franklin Roosevelts administration?
answer
To assure people that government was acting quickly to try to solve the problems of the Depression
question
What did the record number of bills passed during the first hundred days of Franklin Roosevelts administration indicate?
answer
A commitment by the government to provide immediate relief
question
Which philosophy did the social security act demonstrate?
answer
Government should help retirees, dependent mothers and children, and the disabled
question
Why was the social security act an important part of President Roosevelts plan for America?
answer
Roosevelt wanted to deal with the problems of those unable to work at all: retirees, the disabled, dependent mothers, and children
question
Which belief did the civilian conservation corps and the homeowners loan corporation demonstrate?
answer
Government should help needy families
question
How did the passage of the Emergency Banking Act and the FDIC reflect Roosevelts belief about the economy?
answer
Roosevelt believed government could stabilize and regulate the economy
question
Which agencies created during the New Deal are still in existence?
answer
Tennessee Valley Authority, Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, Social Security, Securities and Exchange Commission
question
What do the Tennessee Valley Authority and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation have in common?
answer
They are still in existence today
question
What were the major criticisms of the New Deal?
answer
Some people wanted to give the economy more time to recover and others wanted a federal takeover of all businesses
question
How do historians evaluate the period in which New Deal legislation was passed?
answer
Most historians acknowledge that the New Deal did not end the Depression; World War II did.
question
What contributed to the rise of dictators in Europe and Asia during the 1930s?
answer
Economic crisis
question
Dictators assumed the reins of power in parts of Europe and Asia during the 1930's. What made the rise of dictators possible?
answer
Dictators won support by promising prosperity and order
question
What development took place in Germany, Italy, and Spain during the 1930s?
answer
Racist dictators rose to power
question
What actions on the part of Germany and Italy created conflict and led to requests for the League of Nations to intervene?
answer
The invasion of other countries to gain new territory
question
What did the Rhineland, Ethiopia, and Austria have in common?
answer
They were three of the territories invaded by European dictators in the 1930s?
question
What was an American reaction to the beginnings of war in Europe in 1939?
answer
Congress passed five neutrality laws to stress its policy of isolationism
question
Congress passed five neutrality laws in the 1930s. What did the passage of those laws indicate about U.S. foreign policy?
answer
It indicated that the United States wanted to return to isolationism
question
What was one way FDR provided assistance to England and the other allies in spite of U.S. neutrality laws?
answer
Roosevelt lent England supplies
question
What program did FDR develop to provide supplies to the English in spite of U.S. neutrality laws?
answer
Lend-Lease
question
How did U.S. leaders respond to the bombing of Pearl Harbor?
answer
Congress declared war on Japan and the United States joined the allies
question
What legislation signed into law in 1940 indicated Roosevelts commitment to war preparedness?
answer
Selective Service Act
question
How did president Roosevelt indicate his commitment to being prepared for war?
answer
Signed the selective service act requiring young men to serve in the military
question
What was the main point of FDR's Four Freedoms speech?
answer
To prepare Americans for the nations possible entry into WWII
question
What role did the War Production Board play in coordinating American war efforts during WWII?
answer
It was the government agency that worked with corporations to produce what the military needed
question
Why did FDR establish a War Production Board?
answer
To coordinate the production of war goods among corporations
question
What term did FDR use to describe the combined federal and civilian production of Liberty ships, planes, weapons, and supplies needed by the military to fight WWII?
answer
"Arsenal of democracy"
question
What did FDR bring together to create what he called an "Arsenal of democracy"
answer
Liberty ships, planes, weapons, and supplies for the military produced by corporations
question
Which wartime action violated the constitution in the name of protecting the U.S. from perceived threats?
answer
Japanese Americans were sent to internment camps
question
Which action taken by the U.S. Government during WWII violated the constitutional rights of some citizens?
answer
Interning and detaining Japanese citizens in camps
question
Which two U.S. Commanders led troops in the European and Pacific fronts?
answer
Dwight Eisenhower and Douglas MacArthur
question
Which three nations formed the Axis Powers?
answer
Germany, Italy, and Japan
question
Be able to identify the location of D-Day invasion on a map
answer
France
question
Be able to identify the first major Pacific battle of WWII, which the U.S. Won on the map
answer
Midway Islands
question
Which U.S. Victory in the pacific theater took the Japanese by surprise?
answer
Midway
question
D-Day---June 6, 1944--began the final drive of WWII in the European theater. What events does D-Day refer to?
answer
Invasion of Normandy
question
What was significant about the D-Day landing at Normandy on June 6 1944?
answer
American forces led the allies in a battle that marked the beginning of the end of the war
question
What do tin foil drives, victory gardens, and rationing have in common?
answer
They were all part of the sacrifices Americans made for the war effort
question
What did the "double V" mean for African Americans?
answer
Victory in the war overseas and over Jim Crow at home
question
Which did African Americans want to achieve in addition to a military victory in WWII?
answer
Victory over Jim Crow and discrimination at home
question
What did the WAVES, the WAACs, and Rosie the Riveter have in common?
answer
They were all roles that women played during WWII
question
How did women most directly support war effort?
answer
Enlisted in the military and worked civilian jobs, including some typically held by men
question
Why did Harry Truman decide to drop the atomic bomb on Japan?
answer
He thought an atomic bomb would kill far fewer people than a military invasion of Japan
question
What effect did WWII have on the United States?
answer
The United States became the richest, most powerful nation in the world
question
In which 2 towns did Hitler build concentration camps designed to systematically destroy Jews and other prisoners?
answer
Auschwitz and Dachau
