World History Semester 1 – Flashcards
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By the thirteenth century, the political and religious influence of Islam traveled further south because of: (Select all that apply)
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missionaries and new trade routes
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Mali faded under the rising power of _____.
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Songhai
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What factor contributed to the fall of the Songhai Empire?
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an invasion by Moroccans
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Architects and builders were brought to Timbuktu to build _____.
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public buildings, mosques, and libraries
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Who introduced the people of Ghana to Islam in the mid-eleventh century?
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the Almoravids
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Askia Muhammad was a ruler of what empire?
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Songhai Empire
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The dispute regarding the nature of Christ was discussed at the _____.
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The Council of Chalcedon
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From this lesson, who played an important role in writing and interpreting the history and traditions of the Ethiopian kingdom?
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monks
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What is unique about the Ethiopian churches that were constructed during Lalibela's reign?
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They were carved out of solid rock
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True or False. During the fourth century, the rulers of Aksum converted to Islam.
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False. They converted to Christianity.
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What is the oldest continuous nation-state in Africa?
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Ethiopia
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causeway
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a raised roadway across a body of water
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chinampa
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an artificial island built on a lake that is used for agriculture
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calpulli
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an Aztec kinship group that practiced a specific trade or skill
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pilli
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Aztec nobility
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macehualles
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Aztec commoners
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subordinate
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being lower rank or status to another person
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tlacatecuhth
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the "chief of men" at the top of the Aztec religious hierarchy
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Tenochtitlán covered the area of what is now _____.
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Mexico City
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What was the penalty for gossip in Aztec society?
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the loss of one's lips
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Where were the Aztecs told to build their capital?
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where they saw an eagle sitting on a cactus eating a snake
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True or False. In Aztec society, a person's social class was fixed; rank was determined at birth, and there was no possibility of moving up the social hierarchy.
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False
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What did young men learn in Aztec public schools?
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the history of Aztecs art of warfare civic duties of a citizen
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What was the main purpose of war in Aztec society?
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acquire captives for human sacrifice
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What happened on the last day of the Aztec 52-year cycle?
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The gods would decide whether or not to destroy the human world
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What was the most common form of sacrifice in Aztec society?
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Volunteer bloodletting
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How long was the Aztec ritual year?
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260 days
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A kinship group that practiced a specific trade or skill was called a
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calpulli
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An invasion by the _____ in the thirteenth century marked the downfall of the Seljuk dynasty.
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Mongols
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The territory of a caliph is called a(n) _____.
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caliphate
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The Abbasids sought to lessen the power of the _______ by moving their capital to Baghdad.
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Arabs
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The Fatimids were _____ Muslims.
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Shi'ite
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Which of the following characterize Sufi rituals and practices?
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endurance, rhythm, and repetition
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True or False. Sufism is not practiced today.
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False
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Tariqa is a religious order of _____.
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Sufism
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Sufis believe that _____.
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the soul passes through divine spheres
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The "Great Three" West African empires were Ghana, Mali, and
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Songhai
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What is the name of the church in Ethiopia that was carved into the shape of a cross?
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Saint George
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Mansa Musa ruled during the "Golden Age" of _____.
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Mali
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True or False. Latin Christians believe that Jesus was only of divine nature.
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False
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What was the capital city of the Aztec Empire?
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Tenochtitlán
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What are chinampas?
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artificial islands built on lakes for agricultural purposes
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The Aztecs used two calendars. One was for the ritual year and the other was for the _____ year.
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Solar
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What language did the Aztecs speak?
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Nahua
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The climate change, famine, and disease in this lesson all took place in the _____ century.
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14th
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What happened in Europe as a result of the cooling in climate that occurred in the early fourteenth century?
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crop failure
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What did Europeans in the fourteenth century do during times of famine to survive?
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They killed and ate their draft animals
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Why did Europeans call the bubonic plague the Black Death?
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because of the black boils that developed on the skin of infected individuals
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Where did the plague of the fourteenth century originate?
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Asia
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From this lesson, what are the symptoms of bubonic plague?
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Symptoms of bubonic plague include swelling of the lymph nodes, fever, and vomiting.
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Who did some Christians blame for the spread of the Black Death?
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the Jews....... lol xD
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How much of Europe's population died from the Black Death?
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one-third
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What did Europeans use to treat victims of the Black Death?
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witchcraft and magic
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True or False. Trade prospered during the period of the Black Death.
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False
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The bubonic plague reached Europe in 1347 when a fleet of Genoese ships arrived in _____.
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Messina, Sicily
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True or False. Bourgeoisie is a term that refers to both the middle class and the nobility.
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False
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How did England come to acquire the fertile lands of southern France?
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Eleanor of Aquitaine married Henry II of England.
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The counts and barons of Flanders were vassals of the king of
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France
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What practice did the English nobility adopt from the Normans?
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wine drinking
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Flanders was known for its _____ manufacturing.
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cloth
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The French forged an alliance with the _________ against the English.
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Scots
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From this lesson, what does Salic law state?
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stated that property, including the throne, could not descend through a female
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Who did Joan of Arc wish to crown as king of France at Rheims?
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Charles VII
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What is the last remnant of England's medieval empire in France?
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the Channel Islands
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Who was captured in 1430 by the English and burned at the stake in 1431?
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Joan of Arc
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From this lesson, the Hundred Years' War marked the beginning of England's _____.
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naval and maritime supremacy
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The bubonic plague was carried by _____.
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flea-infested rats
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The number of deaths from the plague resulted in _____ in Europe.
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labor shortages
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What caused widespread crop failure in Europe in the early fourteenth century?
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cooling climate
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True or False. The antibiotic penicillin was used to treat those sick with the Black Death.
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False.
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Prior to the start of the Hundred Years' War, who gained control of the channel of water between England and France and the North Sea?
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England
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True or False. As result of the Hundred Years' War, the feudal knight was discredited and European countries established professional standing armies.
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True
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Who belonged to the French bourgeoisie?
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the middle class
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Joan of Arc led the _______ to several military victories during the Hundred Years' War.
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French
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gentry
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a social class in China comprised of Confucian scholars, government officials, landlords, and rich merchants
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bakufu
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the Japanese military government in Kamakura established by the Minamoto clan
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samurai
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the lesser warriors of Japan's feudal age
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shogun
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a Japanese military commander
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daimyo
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the warrior lords of Japan's feudal age
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guilds
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professional organizations of merchants or artisans
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dowry
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money, goods, and property that a woman brings to her husband in marriage
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tariff
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a tax on imported goods
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vizier
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a high-ranking officer in an Islamic state
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dhikr
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meditation
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China's "Golden Age" is characterized by _____.
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stunning development and innovation
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What did the Chinese practice in the hopes of attaining longevity and immortality?
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alchemy
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What people groups did the Vietnamese Ly dynasty conquer?
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the Cham and the Khmer
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What were the two greatest warrior clans in Japan?
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Taira and Minamoto
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True or False. Stewards, bailiffs, and reeves were officials that ran everyday business on European manors while the lords were away.
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True
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The money and property that a woman brings to her husband in marriage is called a _____.
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dowry
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Your neighbor trades you a baseball cap for a book. What type of economy do you live in?
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a barter economy
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The period of intermittent fighting between England and France that started in 1337 and ended in 1453 is known as _____.
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the Hundred Years' War
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Some people believe that Sufi derives from the Arabic word safa, meaning _____.
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purity
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Tenochtitlán was the capital city of the Aztec Empire and was located:
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on an island
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During the "Golden Age," the Chinese were leaders in what industry?
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shipbuilding
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The Vietnamese led independence movements against the
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Chinese
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What document was created to limit the king's power in England?
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Magna Carta
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The Italian city-states were important centers of trade between central Europe and
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Byzantine Empire
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In medieval European society, women were expected to obey _____.
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their male family members
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The Mongols and Tanguts had a trade dispute over
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tariffs
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Who was Genghis Khan's immediate successor?
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Ogodei
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During the Pax Mongolica, the Mongols _____.
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promoted interstate relations made trade and travel safe
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Mongol journey stations provided court messengers and merchants with _____.
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food and horses
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Typhoon winds led to the failed Mongol invasions of _____.
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Japan
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What ruling dynasty was established in China after the end of Mongol rule?
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Ming Dynasty
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True or False. Batu was the first Muslim ruler to receive the title of Sultan.
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False
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The Seljuks established their capital in
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Nicaea
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The mystical brand of Islam that emphasizes unique rituals for guiding spiritual seekers to a direct encounter with God is called _____.
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Sufism
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Sufis practice meditation or _____.
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dhikr
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True or False. Coptic Christians believe that Jesus was both human and divine.
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False
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What people group established an empire in the Valley of Mexico?
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the Aztecs
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Summer rains and bad weather in Europe in the early fourteenth century resulted in _____.
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famine
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True or False. Some Europeans believed that the Black Death was sent by God to punish them for their sins.
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True
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Philip of Valois and _____ both claimed the right to the French throne after the death of Philip IV's last son.
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Edward III
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The Hundred Years' War was fought by _____.
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England and France
