question

Which of the following Latin American countries established a communist government allied with the Soviet Union?

answer

Cuba

question

Why has 1989 been dubbed a "miracle year"?

answer

Popular movements toppled communist governments throughout Eastern Europe.

question

What was the Zhenotdel?

answer

It was the name given to a special organization within the Communist Party that dealt with women's affairs.

question

During the 1980s, with what did China's leadership associate democracy?

answer

The chaos of the Cultural Revolution

question

Which of the following did the Bolsheviks promise to the people of Russia?

answer

Land for peasants

question

President Dwight Eisenhower warned the nation in the 1950s about

answer

the military-industrial complex.

question

Which of the following was an important difference between the industrial histories of the Soviet Union and China?

answer

Only the Soviets came to accept that industrialization and urbanization required that a new set of privileged elites emerge.

question

Which of the following is true of the nuclear standoff during the cold war?

answer

Following the Cuban Missile Crisis, both powers continued to expand their arsenals.

question

What policies did Chinese communists pursue which helped to attract women to the struggle?

answer

They experimented with land reform that offered men and women equal shares.

question

Which of the following reflected the limits of the feminist movements in the Soviet Union and China?

answer

Women very rarely appeared in the top political leadership of either country.

question

What did the Russian and Chinese revolutions share in common with the French Revolution?

answer

A vision of the good society in a modernizing future

question

Which of the following made modernization more difficult in China than in Russia?

answer

The larger population in China

question

In contrast to China, the collectivization of agriculture in the Soviet Union

answer

was marked by extensive violence and the execution or deportation of wealthier peasants.

question

In what respect did the communist movements in the twentieth century depart from Marxist theory?

answer

They occurred in largely agrarian societies.

question

How did the cold war affect countries emerging from colonial rule in the second half of the twentieth century?

answer

Both the United States and the Soviet Union gave them military and economic aid in the hope of gaining their support.

question

Which of the following contributed to American global influence in the decades following World War II?

answer

Rapid economic growth based on capitalist models

question

What did the different expressions of global communism in the twentieth century share in common?

answer

A common ideology derived from European Marxism

question

Which of the following was a value emphasized in the socialist modernity of communist states?

answer

Equality

question

Which of the following events in China was most similar to the search for ?enemies of the people? in the Soviet Terror of the late 1930s?

answer

The Cultural Revolution

question

Which of the following reflects a consequence of the policy of glasnost in the Soviet Union not intended by the leadership in Moscow?

answer

Leaders of nationalist movements accused the Soviet leadership of treating non-Russian areas as colonies to be exploited.

question

In the twenty-first century, international tensions born of communism remain in

answer

East Asia and the Caribbean.

question

Which of the following was a feature of both Soviet and Chinese reforms in the 1980s and 1990s?

answer

Welcoming foreign investment in joint enterprises

question

Which statement best describes the revolutionary strategy used by Chinese communists to seize power?

answer

They focused on securing the support of China's rural population.

question

Which of the following statements is true of early communist China?

answer

Its educational system was much less developed than that of the Soviet Union.

question

Why was the United States able to pursue triangular diplomacy with China and the Soviet Union in the 1970s?

answer

Because of their growing enmity, both China and the Soviet Union were keen to establish separate relations with the United States.

question

What impact did the civil war that raged from 1918 to 1921 have on Russian society?

answer

Many lower-class men found opportunities for social mobility.

question

Which of the following events is associated with Tiananmen Square?

answer

The mass slaughter of pro-democracy Chinese demonstrators

question

Why did communist regimes generate terror and violence on such a massive scale?

answer

Perceived enemies came to include high-ranking members and long-term supporters of the Communist Party.

question

What did "building socialism" mean to Communist Party leaders?

answer

Modernization and industrialization

question

Which American president and Soviet leader negotiated a solution to the Cuban Missile Crisis?

answer

John F. Kennedy and Nikita Khrushchev

question

In the revolutionary period, which of the following sectors of the Chinese population provided essential support for Chinese communists?

answer

Peasants

question

Which of the following was an outcome of the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution?

answer

Mao had to call the army out to restore order and to stop violence that threatened civil war.

question

Which of the following best describes the communist world in the second half of the twentieth century?

answer

Rivalry and hostility marked the communist world as much or more than solidarity and cooperation.

question

How did the new leader of the Soviet Union Nikita Khrushchev characterize his predecessor Joseph Stalin in a speech to the party congress in 1956?

answer

As a leader who committed crimes against fellow party members

question

In the 1950s, an intense wave of fear of communists and their political repression in the United States was known as

answer

McCarthyism.

question

Which of the following best reflects the situation in Eastern Europe following World War II?

answer

Local communist parties in Eastern Europe enjoyed some support after World War II because of their role in resisting the Nazis.

question

Which of the following was a result of urbanization in both China and the Soviet Union?

answer

The growth of a privileged bureaucratic and technological elite

question

Which of the following was a reason for Russia's successful 1917 revolution?

answer

Blaming the government for Russia's very poor performance in World War I

question

Which of the following statements best reflects the development of communist feminism?

answer

It was a largely state-directed initiative.

question

Which of the following was part of communist feminist legislation?

answer

A policy that fully incorporated women into the workforce

question

Which of the following was a critical part of China's economic reform after 1976?

answer

China sought to attract foreign capitalists with tax breaks.

question

What changed in China after Deng Xiaoping took control in 1976?

answer

Deng oversaw the rapid dismantling of the country's collectivized farming system.

question

Which of the following remains the most unreformed and repressive of the communist countries today?

answer

North Korea

question

Which of the following best describes the political situation in the decade that followed the Bolshevik seizure of power in 1917?

answer

The Soviet Union was the only communist regime in the world.

question

Which of the following best statements describes the experience of third-world countries during the cold war?

answer

Third-world countries had no single shared experience, with their individual circumstances running the spectrum from being the pawn of a superpower to actually benefiting from the rivalry between the United States and Soviet Union.

question

How did the Chinese communist revolution differ from its Russian counterpart?

answer

The Chinese Revolution was a much longer and more drawn-out struggle.

question

What changed in China after Deng Xiaoping took control in 1976?

answer

Mao was severely criticized for some of his policies.

question

How did the Chinese communist revolution differ from its Russian counterpart?

answer

The ideas of Karl Marx were less well established in China than Russia at the opening of the twentieth century.

question

What distinguished the extension of communism into Asia as compared to Europe following World War II?

answer

Asia was the scene of the most destructive and prolonged hot wars during the cold war.

question

From a communist perspective, which of the following is the best definition of socialism?

answer

An intermediate stage on the way to a final goal of social equality and collective living

question

What was the Iron Curtain?

answer

It was the term for the heavily fortified border between Eastern and Western Europe.

question

Which of the following was a distinct difference between communist feminism in China and Russia?

answer

Only in Russia was there talk of free love and the withering away of the family.

question

Which of the following countries experienced a successful communist revolution before the 1970s?

answer

Mongolia

question

Which state was under communist rule at some point in the twentieth century?

answer

Afghanistan

question

Which earlier revolution was a model for the revolutions in both Russia and China?

answer

French Revolution

question

Which of the following statements accurately reflects the relationship between communist states during the cold war?

answer

The Soviet Union invaded both Hungary and Czechoslovakia.

question

What problems did rapid economic development after 1976 in China produce?

answer

The reemergence of a criminal underworld largely eliminated after 1949

question

In what kind of societies did a majority of successful communist revolutions in the twentieth century take place?

answer

Largely agrarian societies

World History Chapter 21 – Flashcards

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