World History B Chapter 19 Section 1-3 – Flashcards
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What were the three social classes in France called under the ancien regime? What groups composed each class?
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The First Estate (clergy), the Second Estate (nobility), and the Third Estate (vast majority).
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Why were urban workers discontented? (4 reasons)
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They resented the privileges of their social betters. They earned miserable wages. They often were starving. They had a lot of taxes.
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Name five reasons that France suffered a financial crisis in the late 1700s.
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1. Great increase in national debt 2. High taxes 3. France lost colonial possessions 4. The third estate was suffering because bread prices and grain prices are high 5. Lavish lifestyle of the monarchy
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Why did Louis XVI finally agree to summon the Estates General?
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France tottered on the verge of bankruptcy. Bread riots were spreading. Nobles (fearful of a rise in taxes) were denouncing royal tyranny.
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Who took the Tennis Court Oath and what did they vow?
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They were elected and only propertied men could vote (mostly lawyers, middle class officials, and writers). Swore "never to separate and to meet wherever the circumstances might require until we have established a sound and just constitution".
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Who participated in the storming of the Bastille?
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Parisians
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How did supporters view the storming of the Bastille?
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A blow to tyranny, a step toward freedom
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the middle class of the Third Estate
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bourgeoisie
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situation caused when a government spends more money than it takes in
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deficit spending
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lists of grievances that Louis XVI asked all three estates to prepare
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cahiers
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delegates of the Third Estate who banded together to draw up a constitution for France
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National Assembly
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At the top of the Third Estate sat the ___________.
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bourgeoisie
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_________ was partially responsible for the financial crisis in France.
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deficit spending
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Before meeting at Versailles, all three estates prepared __________ listing their grievances.
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cahiers
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Claiming that they represented the people, delegates of the Third Estate formed the ____________.
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National Assembly
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Which group made up the vast majority of French society? a. the clergy b. the First Estate c. the ancient regime d. the Third Estate
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d. the Third Estate
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Who were most affected by increases in the price of food? a. urban workers b. wealthy merchants c. the clergy d. the nobility
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a. urban workers
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Which of the following contributed to France's financial crisis? a. a drop in the gold supply b. an extended period of peace c. peasant uprisings d. bad harvests
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d. bad harvests
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Why did Louis XVI finally agree to summon the Estates General? a. he feared invasion from England b. France was on the verge of bankruptcy, and riots were spreading c. the Estates General forced him to do so d. the cahiers were demanding reform
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b. France was on the verge of bankruptcy, and riots were spreading
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What did the National Assembly vow in the Tennis Court Oath? a. to behead the king b. to prepare cahiers c. to draft a constitution for France d. to revolt
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d. to revolt
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Which of the following events became a symbol of the French Revolution? a. the Tennis Court Oath b. the storming of the Bastille c. the Reveillon riots d. the National Assembly
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b. the storming of the Bastille
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How do tricolor, Marquis de Lafayette, and the National Guard relate to each other?
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Lafayette headed the National Guard, and the National Guard was the first to don the tricolor badge.
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How do Declaration of the Rights of Man, feudalism, and equality relate to each other?
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The Declaration of the Rights of Man put an end to feudalism. It also stated that all men were equal.
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How do Marie Antoinette, women of Paris, and Tuileries relate to each other?
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The women of Paris stormed the Palace of Versailles to demand bread. Marie Antoinette and Louis XVI fled to Tuileries.
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red, white, and blue badge of the common people
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tricolor
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set up as part of the new limited monarchy of France
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Legislative Assembly
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people who fled revolutionary France
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emigres
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working-class men and women who desired more radical changes
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sans-culottes
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a revolutionary political club made up of middle-class lawyers and intellectuals
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Jacobins
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Lafayette headed: a. the Paris commune b. the National Assembly c. the tricolor d. the National Guard
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d. the National Guard
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Peasant uprising and the storming of the Bastille forced the National Assembly to a. attack Versailles b. abolish feudalism c. jail thousands of peasants d. behead the king
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b. abolish feudalism
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The women of Paris marched on Versailles for a. control of the government b. weapons and gunpowder c. bread d. shelter
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c. bread
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The Civil Constitution of the Clergy a. put the French Catholic Church under state control b. abolished the Catholic Church in France c. made Catholicism the official religion of France d. made the clergy part of the Third Estate
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a. put the French Catholic Church under state control
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The sans-culottes and Jacobins demanded a. a return to absolute monarchy b. an end to the revolution c. a republic d. a decrease in taxes
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c. a republic
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What year did the French 1. Revolutionaries storm _________. 2. Citizens attack ________ holding nobles and carry out the _____________. 3. The National Convention abolishes the ____________?
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1792; 1. Tuileries 2. prisons; September Massacres 3. monarchy
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What year did the French 1. __________ and ________ are executed. 2. France is at war with ___________. 3. The _____________ is created. 4. ___________ leads a Reign of Terror. 5. A new constitution sets up a __________ and a ____________ ?
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1. Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette 2. Europe 3. Committee of Public Safety 4. Robespierre 5. 5-man directory and a 2-house legislature
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the right to vote
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suffrage
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twelve-member group that ordered all French citizens to join the war effort
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Committee of Public Safety
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established by the moderates who seized power from radical revolutionaries
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directory
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feeling of pride in one's country that grew stronger in France during the revolution
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nationalism
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Under the National Convention, __________ was extended to all male citizens.
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suffrage
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The twelve-member ________ had almost absolute power.
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Committee of Public Safety
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The Constitution of 1795 set up a five-man _________ and a two-house legislature.
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directory
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The revolution inspired a rise in French ___________.
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nationalism
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In 1792, the National Convention voted to abolish the monarchy and declare France a. dissolved b. bankrupt c. a republic d. a nation
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c. a republic
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In 1793, King Louis XVI and Queen Marie Antoinette were a. returning to the throne b. deported to England c. saved from the mob by Lafayette d. executed
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d. executed
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The leader of the Reign of Terror was a. Marie Antoinette b. Maximilien Robespierre c. Olympe de Gouges d. Dr. Joseph Guillotin
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b. Maximilien Robespierre
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The moderates who took control from radical revolutionaries set up a five-man a. monarchy b. Reign of Terror c. Directory d. republic
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c. Directory
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The Directory that ruled from 1795 to 1799 was a. popular with sans-culottes b. a failure c. skillfully managed d. comprised of emigres
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b. a failure
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During the French revolution, women a. gained the right to vote b. lost the right to vote c. lost political rights d. gained some rights and lost others
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d. gained some rights and lost others
