World Geography Chapter 15 Test Questions – Flashcards

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The many islands off the north west coast of Europe are called the
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British Isles
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The largest island in the British Isles and Europe is
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Great Britain
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Great Britain combines ____, _______, _____together
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England, Scotland, Wales
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English landscape is made up of 3 different areas.
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highlands, midlands, lowlands
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are band of hills running the length of England's west coast
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highlands
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lies in southeast, contains thick veins of coal, high population
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midlands
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fertile soil, lie in south and east, slopes toward Enlgish Channel
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Lowlands
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Trade within England and other European nations increased the growth of cities along _____ and _____
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coast, rivers.
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is located on the Thames River.
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London
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Since the Thames Valley was formed, level of Atlantic Ocean rose forming an
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estuary
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a flooded valley at the wide mouth of a river
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estuary
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Influence of _________ meant that the Mediterranean Sea had been center of trade
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Roman Empire
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o In 1400s,___________ and __________ allowed Europeans to move west across Atlantic Ocean, which made Great Britain ideal for trade.
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improved ships and navigational devices
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Britain shipped most of products on its ____
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farm
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The small area allowed the island nation to get the resources to fuel the start of
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Industrial Revolution
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built factories to produce goods to sell to Britain's colonies
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wealthy business owners
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lay along the edges of Pennine mountain range
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coal feilds
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rocky material containing a valuable mineral
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ore
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Inventors improved methods of melting iron ore and using it for
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steel
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Britain's supply of_______ and __________ made it the world's industrial leader for years.
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raw materials, position on sea routes
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Britain was challenged by _______ and _______
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Germany and United States
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Much of Britain's coal was used during the
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Industrial Revolution.
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They have had to turn to oil and gas deposits beneath the floor of
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north sea
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To offset the loss of heavy industry, the government has encouraged the growth of
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tertiary economic activities
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Scotland divided into 3 formal regions
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Northern Highlands, Central Lowlands, Southern Uplands
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Highland region is a large, high plateau with lakes called
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lochs
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Much of Highlands are covered with
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moors
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broad, treeless rolling plains
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moors
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moors are dotted with
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bogs
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areas of wet spongy ground
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bogs
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located south of the highlands
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lowlands
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Lowlands is a huge _______ center
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shipbuilding
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is primarily a sheep raising region
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Southern Uplands
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discoveries in North Sea, has helped economies in some cities
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Oil
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businesses have also developed along the Clyde and Tweed Rivers
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Computer and electronic
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narrow valley
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narrow valley
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Scottish and English parliaments were united through
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Act of Union
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Scotland kept important ____ and _____ rights
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trading, political
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Wales has its own _____, _______, _________-
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capital city, flag, language
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is a peninsula of the island of Great Britain
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Wales
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Has a marine west coast climate like Great Britain
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Wales
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is a key factor to preserving Welsh culture
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language
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Economic history of Wales is similar to _______ and _____
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England, Scotland
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In late 1800s, ____ and ______ changed the landscape and economy of southern Wales
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industry, coal mining
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In mid 1900s, heavy industries in Wales had fallen behind in __________
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technology.
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Ireland is divided politically into two parts
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Northern Ireland, the Republic of Ireland
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Ireland is also divided in religion between
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Protestants and Catholics
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About 1/6th of the island of Ireland is covered by
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peat
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spongy material containing waterlogged mosses and plants.
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peat
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Ireland's history has been shaped by
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invasions, wars.
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Normans forbade marriage between
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Normans and Celts
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• In the early 1500s, groups in Europe tried to change some of the Church's practices and started a reform movement known as the
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Reformation
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Many reformers, Protestants, broke with the Roman Catholic Church and formed new
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Christian churches.
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Most English people became
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Protestants.
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Irish remained
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Catholics
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Conflicts between Irish Protestants and Catholics led to
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cultural divergence
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deliberate efforts to keep the cultures separate
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cultural divergence-
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plant disease
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blight
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Famine brought __________ factors into play
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push and pull migration
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continued to press for independence through the 19th century
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Irish
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The government invested in _______ and _______ telecommunications
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education and modern
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Northern Europe call their land _______ meaning Northlands
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Norden
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Norden includes five independent nations:
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Norway, Sweden, Finland, Denmark, Iceland
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No rden Region is a collection of peninsula and islands separated by .
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seas, gulfs, and oceans
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The most continuous land masses in Norden are the
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Scandinavian and Jutland Peninsula
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Much of landscape on the Scandinavian Peninsula is the product of the last
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ice age.
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When the glaciers melted, water filled the valleys, creating flooded glacial valleys known as
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fjords.
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They have learned to take advantage of the island's geology to produce
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geothermal energy
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energy produced from the heat of the Earth's interior.
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Geothermal energy
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In midwinter, sun shines for ____ hours
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2
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In midsummer, suns shines for _______
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20 hours
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Warm currents of the_______________ moderate the weather and keep the coast free of ice
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North Atlantic Drift
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_____ raided much of Western europe
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vikings
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____ and _____ unite the nordic people
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religion and language
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Most Nordic peoples belong to the _______Church, first established during Reformation.
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Lutheran
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All five of the Nordic nations are democracies, and their economic systems are
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mixed economies.
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systems combining different degrees of government regulation.
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Mixed economies
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Denmark makes money by
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agriculture
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Norwegians make money by
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fishing
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