Question 1

During the first millennium B.C.E.:

Accepted Answer

Iron slowly replaced bronze as the primary component of tools and weapons.

Question 2

In 1786, the scholar Sir William Jones suggested that:

Accepted Answer

Ancient Greek and Sanskrit descended from a common, Indo-European linguistic source.

Question 3

\"Indo-European,\" as used in historical or anthropological texts, refers to:

Accepted Answer

Linguistic and cultural patterns found in India, the Near East, Europe, and perhaps the Far East.

Question 4

The people who settled in Anatolia around 2000 B.C.E. and built a powerful, militaristic kingdom there over the next four hundred years are known as the:

Accepted Answer

Hittites

Question 5

The culture of the Hittites was:

Accepted Answer

Strongly militaristic, prone to attacks on other peoples.

Question 6

Hattusilis and his successors eventually expanded the Hittite Kingdom by:

Accepted Answer

Sacking the fabled city of Babylon and collecting its riches.

Question 7

During the Late Bronze Age (1500-1200 B.C.E.) in the ancient Near East, the two great imperial powers were:

Accepted Answer

New Kingdom Egypt and the Hittite empire.

Question 8

The Mitannians introduced lighter chariots to carry archers, but:

Accepted Answer

Their opponents soon copied them and their technological advantage was lost.

Question 9

During the Middle Kingdom, Egypt avoided invasion and attack by:

Accepted Answer

Fostering economic and political ties with its neighbors.

Question 10

When the Hyksos conquered Lower Egypt in the Egypt\'s Second Intermediate Period, they:

Accepted Answer

Adopted the machinery of pharaonic government.

Question 11

The New Kingdom, particularly the Eighteenth Dynasty, was marked by:

Accepted Answer

The peak of Egyptian cultural achievement, and political and military power.

Question 12

Thutmose I was remarkable for:

Accepted Answer

Ruling over Egypt, Palestine, and the lands from Nubia in the south to the Euphrates River in the north.

Question 13

Hatshepsut was regularly portrayed as masculine in Egyptian statuary because:

Accepted Answer

She needed to demonstrate that, like male pharaohs, she ruled in her own right.

Question 14

The division of property and wealth in New Kingdom Egypt:

Accepted Answer

Favored the pharaoh, the military aristocracy, and the temples of the gods.

Question 15

The priests at the greatest Egyptian temple complexes at Thebes:

Accepted Answer

Received special favor from the Eighteenth Dynasty, which worshiped Amon-Ra.

Question 16

As part of his religious reform, Amenhotep IV changed his name to Akhenaten and:

Accepted Answer

Founded a new capital called Akhetaten, located between Thebes and Memphis.

Question 17

When Akhenaten died and was succeeded by Tutankhaten:

Accepted Answer

The new pharaoh returned to traditional ways of worship.

Question 18

Akhenaten represents one of the earliest moves, in Western history, toward:

Accepted Answer

Monotheistic religious practices.

Question 19

By the fourteenth century B.C.E., international relations were marked by:

Accepted Answer

Diplomatic standards, polite forms of address, gifts, and alliances.

Question 20

The \"self-conscious cosmopolitanism\" of the Late Bronze Age:

Accepted Answer

Developed as ancient cultures actively exchanged goods and ideas.

Question 21

The system of writing developed by the citizens of Ugarit:

Accepted Answer

Used an alphabet of about thirty symbols for the consonants.

Question 22

Relations after 1500 B.C.E. are more appropriately referred to as \"transnational\" because:

Accepted Answer

The political and economic networks transcended national boundaries and identities.

Question 23

The Heroic Age of Greece described by Hesiod and other ancient poets was long thought to:

Accepted Answer

Be legends or fables with little basis in historical reality.

Question 24

Heinrich Schliemann and Sir Arthur Evans:

Accepted Answer

Were archeologists who dug up Troy, Mycenae, and Knossos.

Question 25

The Minoans:

Accepted Answer

Wrote tablets in Linear A to record their economic transactions.

Question 26

Mycenaean Greece played a central role in Bronze Age networks as evidenced by:

Accepted Answer

Correspondence between Mycenaean leaders and Egyptian pharaohs and Hittite kings.

Question 27

Around 1200 B.C.E., an inscription by Pharaoh Ramses III records:

Accepted Answer

An Egyptian victory over the \"Sea Peoples,\" invaders from the north.

Question 28

Many small kingdoms arose in the Levant during the early Iron Age as a result of the:

Accepted Answer

Collapse of Hittite civilization.

Question 29

The Phoenicians are also known as the:

Accepted Answer

Canaanites.

Question 30

The Phoenicians created a trade network that stretched from:

Accepted Answer

Anatolia to Iberia and beyond.

Question 31

Members of the group known in the Hebrew Bible (Old Testament) as the Philistines shared cultural affinities with the:

Accepted Answer

Mycenaeans.

Question 32

The Hebrew Bible is an unparalleled historical source that describes the cultural practices and theological development of the Hebrew people. However, most historians believe that:

Accepted Answer

The Bible\'s composite nature means that each biblical book should be analyzed within its particular context.

Question 33

In the Book of Judges, the Hebrew people:

Accepted Answer

Begin to settle and organize themselves into twelve tribes.

Question 34

The twelve Hebrew tribes united under a single king to:

Accepted Answer

More easily resist Philistine incursions.

Question 35

The Hebrew people, according to archaeological and linguistic evidence, were essentially:

Accepted Answer

Canaanite.

Question 36

King David\'s rule was significant in establishing:

Accepted Answer

A unified Israelite people with a new national capital at Jerusalem.

Question 37

The division of the ancient kingdom of Israel was:

Accepted Answer

Provoked by Solomon\'s oppressive regime.

Question 38

Influenced by their long struggle to survive, the Assyrians:

Accepted Answer

Acted very aggressively toward other peoples.

Question 39

Assurnasirpal II, king of Assyria, has the distinction of:

Accepted Answer

Possessing a deserved reputation for cruelty and savagery.

Question 40

The earlier Assyrian empire had been devastated by the _____, but in the ninth century B.C.E., the foundations for a neo-Assyrian empire were laid by Assurnasirpal II.

Accepted Answer

Sea Peoples

Question 41

The Assyrian king:

Accepted Answer

Also served as chief priest of the Assyrian religion.

Question 42

The defeat of the Assyrians and the destruction of Nineveh were:

Accepted Answer

The work of Medes from Iran and the Chaldeans.

Question 43

Unlike other rulers, Cyrus of Persia (559-529 B.C.E.):

Accepted Answer

Granted self-rule and religious freedom to conquered peoples.

Question 44

Before the Persian empire could be formed, the Persian people had first to defeat their rulers, the:

Accepted Answer

Chaldeans.

Question 45

The accomplishments of King Darius of Persia included:

Accepted Answer

Building roads for transport and postal service.

Question 46

The followers of Zoroastrianism believed in:

Accepted Answer

A god of light who constantly battled a god of darkness.

Question 47

Zarathustra attempted to redefine religion:

Accepted Answer

As ethical practices common to all people.

Question 48

One distinct believe that later Western religions took from Zoroastrianism is the idea:

Accepted Answer

Of a Day of Judgment.

Question 49

The Hebrew people became unified in their worship of Yahweh due to:

Accepted Answer

Prophetic insistence on the need for a united Hebrew identity under neo-Assyrian rule.

Question 50

Due to a period of captivity in Babylon, ancient Hebrews:

Accepted Answer

Developed a religion that transcended local politics and geography.

Question 51

T/F: Anatolia grew in wealth and became urbanized in part due to the Assyrians who changed from a nomadic lifestyle to become caravan merchants.

Accepted Answer

True

Question 52

T/F: Savage violence and terror were characteristic of Assyrian warfare and foreign policy from Assyria\'s rise as a power in 1900 B.C.E.

Accepted Answer

False.     (The Assyrians didn\'t seek military dominance; instead, the relied on the protection of local rulers, and, in turn, they made these rulers rich.)

Question 53

T/F: The Hyksos invasion of Lower Egypt allowed the Nubians to establish an independent kingdom.

Accepted Answer

True.

Question 54

T/F: Thutmose I was the pharaoh who expelled the Hyksos and restored Egyptian confidence and reunification.

Accepted Answer

False.    (Ahmose, not Thutmose I, expelled the Hyksos.)

Question 55

T/F: Trade in the Late Bronze Age fostered war between nations.

Accepted Answer

False.    (It actually produced alliances and relationships.)

Question 56

T/F: The term thalassocracy means \"sea empire.\"

Accepted Answer

True.

Question 57

T/F: The Minoans worshiped an early form of the Greek pantheon of gods and goddesses.

Accepted Answer

False.

Question 58

T/F: The center of Mycenaean society was the village, which gave a sense of family and responsibility to the people and encouraged loyalty to the king, who was depicted as a father to his people.

Accepted Answer

False.    (The Mycenaean king was a powerful war leader, not \"a father to his people.\")

Question 59

T/F: The effect of the arrival of the Sea Peoples in the Near East was to force fledgling kingdoms to unite, though conquest or consent, in order to stand up to this new threat.

Accepted Answer

False.

Question 60

T/F: The Greek term Phoenician means \"purple people.\"

Accepted Answer

True.

Question 61

T/F: Although the Phoenicians were great colonizers of the Mediterranean, they remained strict separatists, having little cultural interaction with the non-Semitic peoples they encountered.

Accepted Answer

False.    (The Phoenicians seemed to interact with everyone they encountered.)

Question 62

T/F: The Phoenicians were descendants of the Peleset, one of the Sea Peoples. They introduced the olive and the grapevine to the Near East and exerted much of their power in the area from large citadels and control over local trade routes and a monopoly over metalsmithing that made it virtually impossible for their enemies to forge their own weapons.

Accepted Answer

False.    (That would be the Philistines, not the Phoenicians.)

Question 63

T/F: We know very little about the Philistines because they left no written records.

Accepted Answer

True.

Question 64

T/F: By the end of Solomon\'s rule, the cult of Yahweh had expelled all worship of foreign deities and acted as a glue to hold the Hebrew Kingdom together after the Davidic dynasty ended.

Accepted Answer

False.

Western Civilization to 1648 (HIST-1500) Ch. 2 – Flashcards

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