US History Chapter 3 Test – Flashcards

Made money for both

Colonists were smuggling goods

GB: cash kept coming without spending time supervising and working Colonies: got wealthy and became more self-sufficent, got used to governing themselves

Good soil - easy to grow a lot of crops and be self-sufficent Big, wide rivers - navigable deep into the south

-It was due to a large growth in the entire colonies -Colonies were healthier with more fresh air and water and better living conditions -From 1713 to 1774, tobacco exports there almost tripled and many Chesapeake farmers and merchants prospered

Mistresses, helped husbands run plantations, had some power but ultimately submissive to their husbands

1) Native American labor force either died or ran off 2) Indentured servants stopped coming in enough numbers to fill the labor requirements 3) Slaves were expensive but a good investment because of chattel slavery 4) Since the colonists were white, they felt more superior to the blacks

The transatlantic trading system in which goods and people (slaves) were exchanged between Africa, England, Europe, the West Indies, and the colonies in North America (Began in 17th century)

Because they were property of the slave owners, and the owners could do whatever they wanted to with them

Grinding wheat, iron, lumber, fish, ships, fur

Strict limitations on women + Social Tensions between social classes + Fears of Native Americans + Religious Fanaticism =e French colony Accusations of Witchcraft

less populated, less cities, better relationships with Indians

a country's ultimate goal was self-sufficiency and that all countries were in a competition to acquire the most gold and silver

a series of laws restricting colonial trade; led to black market commerce and smuggling i. No country could trade with the colonies unless the goods were shipped in either colonial or English ships ii. All vessels had to be operated by crews that were at least three-quarters English or colonial iii. The colonies could export certain products only to England iv. Almost all goods traded between the colonies and Europe first had to pass through an English port

England relaxed its enforcement of most regulations in return for the continued economic loyalty of the colonists; led to a governor appointed by the king serving nearly each colony

The voyage that brought Africans to the West Indies and later to North America i. Known as the Middle Passage because it was considered the middle leg of the triangular trade ii. Cruelty characterized the journey iii. European traders branded Africans and packed them into the dark holds of large ships iv. Africans were beaten and whipped, and were struck with disease

an 18th Century intellectual movement that emphasized the use of reason and the scientific method as means of obtaining knowledge

religious revival in the American colonies, lasting throughout the 1730s and 1740s i. Brought many colonists, as well as Native Americans and African Americans, into organized Christian churches for the first time ii. Challenged the authority of established churches

French and Indians fought against the British; French are fighting with British for global dominance

two

1. The British did not want to waste/use the money (or the soldiers) to keep the Ohio River Valley safe for colonial settlers, so they made everything WEST of the Appalachian OFF LIMITS! No western settlement allowed 2. This made the colonists angry for three reasons: a. They felt they had helped fight with the British against the Indians for that land b. They needed to expand to the VERY fertile Ohio River Valley for economic reasons c. The East Coast was getting crowded and the Colonists wanted to seek new opportunities to own land out "West"

i. AKA - The Revenue Act of 1764 ii. Placed taxes on foreign sugar and certain luxuries iii. Its chief purpose was to raise money for the King to pay off debt from the Seven Years' War and to provide for stricter enforcement of the Navigation Acts to stop smuggling

the transfer of British monarchy from James II to William and Mary in 1688-1689

i. September (Sunday) in 1739 ii. About 20 slaves gathered at the Stono River southwest of Charles Town iii. They had guns and other weapons and killed several planter families and marched south, beating drums and loudly inviting other slaves to join them in their plan to flee to Spanish-held Florida iv. By late afternoon, they had been surrounded v. Slaves were killed, and survivors were executed vi. Wake-up call for Southern colonists

A crop grown by a farmer for sale, rather than for personal use i. Cash crops shipped in vast quantities ii. Led to the development of plantations, rather than cities and towns iii. Examples: Tobacco, cotton, sugar, indigo, hemp, and rice

Indian leader that led other Native Americans to capture 8 British Forts in the Ohio River Valley

Helped the British