US History–Chapter 17 – Flashcards

United States general and statesman who as Secretary of State organized the European Recovery Program

women volunteers who seved in non-combat positions (nurses, etc)

Black leader, who threatens a march to end discrimination in the work place; Roosevelt gives in with companies that get federal grants

code name for the secret United States project set up in 1942 to develop atomic bombs for use in World War II

WWII Office that installs price controls on essential items to prevent inflation

During WWII, FDR established it to allocated scarce materials, limited or stopped the production of civilian goods, and distributed contracts among competing manufacturers

establishing fixed allotments of goods deemed essential for the military

leader of the Allied forces in Europe then was elected to be Pres. of the US

June 6, 1944 - Led by Eisenhower, over a million troops (the largest invasion force in history) stormed the beaches at Normandy and began the process of re-taking France. The turning point of World War II.

General who unleashed massive air and land bombardment against the enemy at St. Lo, providing a gap in the German line of defense

Famous American General who fought in North Africa and Europe

December, 1944-January, 1945 - After recapturing France, the Allied advance became stalled along the German border. In the winter of 1944, Germany staged a massive counterattack in Belgium and Luxembourg which pushed a 30 mile "bulge" into the Allied lines. The Allies stopped the German advance and threw them back across the Rhine with heavy losses

May 8, 1945; victory in Europe Day when the Germans surrendered

The 33rd U.S. president, who succeeded Franklin D. Roosevelt upon Roosevelt's death in April 1945. Truman, who led the country through the last few months of World War II, is best known for making the controversial decision to use two atomic bombs against Japan in August 1945. After the war, Truman was crucial in the implementation of the Marshall Plan, which greatly accelerated Western Europe's economic recovery

United States general who served as chief of staff and commanded Allied forces in the South Pacific during World War II

U.S. naval victory over the Japanese fleet in June 1942, in which the Japanese lost four of their best aircraft carriers. It marked a turning point in World War II

suicide-planes

City in Japan, the first to be destroyed by an atomic bomb, on August 6, 1945. The bombing hastened the end of World War II

Japanese city in which the second atomic bomb was dropped August 9, 1945

Series of trials in 1945 conducted by an International Military Tribunal in which former Nazi leaders were charged with crimes against peace, crimes against humanity, and war crimes