US History – Chapter 10 Study Guide – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
Democratic
answer
ensuring that all people have the same rights
question
Laissez Faire
answer
idea that government should play as small a role as possible in economic affairs
question
Free Market
answer
economic system in which goods and services are exchanged with little regulation
question
Marbury v. Madison
answer
an 1803 court case in which the Supreme Court ruled that it had the power to decide whether laws passed by Congress were constitutional(Judicial Review)
question
Judicial Review
answer
power of the Supreme Court to decide whether the acts of a President or laws passed by Congress are constitutional, and to reject a law it considers to be unconstitutional
question
Adam Smith
answer
"wealth of nations" advocated the idea of laissez faire; or government not involving themselves in the economy.
question
The Wealth of Nations
answer
a book written by Adam Smith, in which he argued in favor of a free market where goods and services are exchanged with little regulation
question
Albert Gallatin
answer
Albert Gallatin was the secretary of the treasury under Thomas Jefferson. He was called the "Watchdog of the Treasury," and proved to be as able as Alexander Hamilton. He agreed with Jefferson that a national debt was a bane rather than a blessing. Using strict controls of the economy, he succeeded in reducing the debt, and he balanced the budget.
question
John Marshall
answer
appointed by John Adams as Chief Justice of the Supreme Court
question
Alien and Sedition Acts
answer
in 1798, Federalist-supported laws that permitted the President to expel foreigners, made it harder for immigrants to become citizens, and allowed for citizens to be jailed or fined if they criticized the government or its officials
question
Judiciary Act (1789)
answer
law that created the structure of the SC and set up a system of district courts and circuit courts for the nation
question
Pinckney Treaty
answer
treaty between spain and america that allowed americans to ship their goods down the Mississippi river and store them in New Orleans
question
Louisiana Purchase
answer
vast territory between the mississippi river and rocky mountains
question
Expedition
answer
long voyage of exploration
question
Continental Divide
answer
An imaginary line that runs north and south along the highest points of the Rocky Mountains. Rivers flow west or east from this line.
question
Napoleon
answer
leader of France at the time
question
Toussaint L'Ouverture
answer
a slave in Haiti who led the slave revolt there
question
Meriwether Lewis & William Clark
answer
men who explored the Louisiana purchase for Thomas Jefferson
question
Sacagawea
answer
shoshone indian woman who acted as a "doctor" and translator for the Lewis and Clark expedition; also showed that they were a peaceful party because they had a woman with them
question
Zebulon Pike
answer
the other guy who explored the Louisiana Purchase
question
Tribute
answer
bribe
question
Impressment
answer
the practice of forcing people into service
question
Embargo
answer
ban on trade
question
Embargo Act
answer
an 1807 law that imposed a total ban on all foreign trade
question
Smuggling
answer
importing or exporting goods in violation of trade laws
question
Nonintercourse Act
answer
an 1809 law that allowed americans to carry on trade with all nations except Britain and France
question
Barbary States
answer
nations along the coast of North Africa
question
Empress of China
answer
first American ship to trade with China
question
James Madison
answer
President of the United States of America at this time
question
Treaty of Greenville
answer
treaty signed by some Native Americans in 1795, giving up land that would later become part of Ohio
question
confederation
answer
league of independent states or nations
question
Battle of Tippecanoe
answer
In 1811, battle over white settlement in the Indiana Territory
question
War Hawks
answer
members of Congress from the South and the West who called for war with Britain prior to the War of 1812
question
nationalism
answer
excessive pride in one's nation
question
William Henry Harrison
answer
General who defeated the Indian forces led by Tecumseh and the Prophet
question
Andrew Jackson
answer
turned frontier fighters into a strong army, as well as took Pensacola and Spanish Florida to keep the British from using it as a base, then marched through Mobile and set up camp in New Orleans. his force consisted of frontier fighters, choctaw indians, and citizens of new orleans
question
Prophet
answer
Tecumseh's brother, spiritual leader for native americans
question
Tecumseh
answer
a shawnee leader; created a confederation of Indian nations which fell apart once he died
question
War of 1812
answer
A war declared by the United States against Britain in 1812
question
Battle of Lake Erie
answer
In the war of 1812, an american victory led by Oliver Perry against the British
question
Battle of New Orleans
answer
At the end of the War of 1812, a battle between british and american forces that ended in american victory
question
Hartford Convention
answer
gathering of new englanders to protest the War of 1812 by threatening to secede from the Union
question
Treaty of Ghent
answer
peace treaty signed by britain and the US at the end of the war of 1812
question
USS Constitution
answer
A large warship owned by the US during the 1800's. It was used in the war of 1812.
question
Isaac Brock
answer
used scare tactics to convince the Americans that the British were aiding the canadians
question
General William Hull
answer
Attempted to invade Canada but failed because of Isaac Brock's scare tactics
question
Francis Scott Key
answer
wrote the poem 'The Star Spangled Banner'
question
John Quincy Adams
answer
an American delegate who said that in the Treaty of Ghent "Nothing was adjusted, nothing was settled"
