question

The origins of the majority of human existence in North America began

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with migrations from Eurasia over the Bering Strait.

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Incas, Maya, and Aztecs did NOT have

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the use of wheeled vehicles

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Prior to European contact, the eastern third of what is today the United States

answer

had the most abundant food resources of any region of the continent.

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Cahokia was a large trading center located near what present-day city?

answer

St. Louis

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Native American religions were closely linked to

answer

the natural world

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The first permanent Spanish settlement in what is now the United States was

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St. Augustine

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What factor is believed to have dramatically reduced New World native populations after contact with Europeans?

answer

Disease

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The first permanent English settlement in the New World was established in

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Jamestown

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The cause for failure of the Roanoke colony

answer

is historically inconclusive.

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What was NOT introduced by Europeans to the New World?

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Corn

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The cultivation of tobacco around Jamestown did NOT result in

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Improved relations with the Indians

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During its first year in North America, the Plymouth colony survived in large part due to

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assistance from Indians.

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The Puritan founders in Massachusetts who described their colony as a "shining city upon a hill" felt they were creating a holy community that would be a

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model for the world.

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When it was established in 1644, the colony of Rhode Island was most notable for its

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Religious toleration

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The development of the Carolina colony was notable in that the northern and southern regions were

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economically and socially distinct from each other.

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The New York colony emerged after a struggle between

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the English and Dutch

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William Penn was a man of great wealth who converted to

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Quakerism

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Georgia was founded to create

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a military barrier against the Spanish

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In colonial times, what region sported unusually high life expectancy rates?

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New England

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Enslaved Africans were moved from Africa to the New World via

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The Middle Passage

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The most enduring and distinctive feature of colonial America was

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diversity

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In the "triangular trade," the North American colonies primarily contributed

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raw materials

question

Saw slaves in South Carolina attempt to escape from the colony.

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The Stono Rebellion

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The story of the witchcraft trials in Salem saw the original accusers

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recant their charges

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The Great Awakening of the 1730s and 1740s had particular appeal with

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women and young men

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A leading figure of the Great Awakening, Jonathan Edwards preached

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highly orthodox Puritan ideas.

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The Enlightenment was based on the belief in

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the power of human reason and natural laws.

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The first American college was

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Harvard

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During the eighteenth century in North America, the most powerful Indian nation was the

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Iroquois.

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The French and Indian War (Seven Years' War) resulted in

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Britain dominating North America. Enlarging Britain's debt. Increasing British resentment toward the American colonies. The American colonies to act in concert against a common foe.

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Throughout the French and Indian War, American colonists sold and traded food and other goods with

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The French.

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The Sugar Act of 1764 was designed to

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Damage the market for sugar grown in the colonies. Eliminate the illegal sugar trade between the colonies, the French, and the West Indies. Establish new vice-admiralty courts in America to try accused smugglers. Lower the colonial duty on molasses.

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The Stamp Act of 1765 helped to unite the colonies in opposition to

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The English government.

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Was transformed by some colonists into a symbol of British oppression.

answer

The Boston Massacre

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The emerging ideology that would come to support the Revolution was based on John Locke's political theory

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of a limited government.

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In December 1773 what event triggered acts of resistance in other colonial cities.

answer

The Boston Tea Party

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At the time of the Battles of Lexington and Concord, General Thomas Gage, the commander of the British garrison in Boston, considered his army

answer

too small to act without reinforcements.

question

Published in January 1776, Common Sense was written by

answer

Thomas Paine.

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This document borrowed heavily from previously published colonial documents.

answer

The Declaration of Independence

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At the start of the Revolution, American advantages over the British included a greater commitment to

answer

the war.

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When George Washington crossed the Delaware River on Christmas night, 1776, he was intent on surprising

answer

Hessians

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In the final phase (1778-81) of the American Revolution, the British badly overestimated the support of

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American Loyalists.

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The battle that involved a combined French and American army and navy.

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Battle at Yorktown

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The United States gained formal British recognition of American independence under the terms of the

answer

Treaty of Paris of 1783

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For most Revolutionary American political thinkers, the concept of equality meant there should be

answer

equality of opportunity.

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Under the Articles of Confederation each state had

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one vote in Congress

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Created a single territory out of the lands north of Ohio.

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The Northwest Ordinance of 1787

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At the start of the Constitutional Convention of 1787, the majority of delegates agreed that

answer

the country needed a stronger central government.

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At the Philadelphia convention, the Virginia Plan argued that the ultimate authority of the federal government came from the

answer

People

question

The Pinckney Plan is unique because it allowed for the executive office to select

answer

a group advisors.

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The Whiskey Rebellion of 1794 saw President Washington accompany

answer

thousands of troops into the field.

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This treaty avoided a likely war with England.

answer

Jay's Treaty

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A Federalist president and a Republican vice-president take office after which election?

answer

1796

question

Led to an undeclared war between the United States and France.

answer

The XYZ Affair

question

Gave the federal government effective authority to stifle any public criticism.

answer

The Alien and Sedition Acts (1798)

question

In the Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions, it was asserted that

answer

States had the right to nullify federal laws.

question

Was notable for the sensational personal slandering of both candidates.

answer

The presidential campaign in 1800

question

The writer Washington Irving is best remembered for his works on

answer

Ichabod Crane and Rip Van Winkle.

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Began as an effort by church establishments to revitalize their organizations.

answer

The Second Great Awakening

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Eli Whitney is a major figure in American technology for introducing

answer

the concept of interchangeable parts.

question

Sought to convey the public image of a plain, ordinary citizen.

answer

Thomas Jefferson

question

Was assisted by the guide, Sacajawea.

answer

The Lewis and Clark expedition

question

Stated that the Supreme Court had no authority to expand the power of the Supreme Court, and that the Supreme Court had the power to nullify an act of Congress.

answer

Marbury v. Madison (1803)

question

Created a serious economic depression in the nation.

answer

The Embargo of 1807

question

The Non-Intercourse Act reopened American trade with

answer

all nations except Great Britain and France.

question

During the War of 1812, the Hartford Convention was made irrelevant by

answer

the Battle of New Orleans.

question

The treaty that ended the War of 1812 and began an improvement in relations between England and the United States.

answer

The Treaty of Ghent

question

The experience of American banking during the War of 1812 revealed the need for

answer

another national bank.

question

After the War of 1812, it was clear that the United States needed an improved

answer

internal transportation system.

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The "era of good feelings" following the War of 1812 reflected

answer

rising nationalism and optimism in the United States.

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Shortly after becoming president, James Monroe undertook a

answer

goodwill tour of the country.

question

The Panic of 1819 resulted in a depression that lasted

answer

six years.

question

Maintained the nation's equal number of slave and free states.

answer

The Missouri Compromise of 1819

question

European powers should not engage in new colonization of the American continents.

answer

The Monroe Doctrine

question

The so-called "corrupt bargain" was negotiated between

answer

Henry Clay and John Quincy Adams.

question

Was noted for its inability to carry out its policies effectively.

answer

The presidential administration of John Quincy Adams

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Andrew Jackson's presidential victory in 1828 was

answer

decisive but sectional.

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By 1828, in all but one state, presidential electors were chosen by

answer

popular vote.

question

According to Andrew Jackson's theory of democracy,

answer

all white male citizens should be treated equally.

question

In the 1820s, John C. Calhoun proposed his doctrine of nullification

answer

as an alternative to possible secession.

question

The "Trail of Tears" taken by the Cherokees led them to the area that later became

answer

Oklahoma.

question

Of the "Five Civilized Tribes," the tribe that best resisted the pressures of removal was the

answer

Seminole.

question

Favored expanding the power of the federal government.

answer

Whigs

question

In 1836, President Andrew Jackson's "specie circular"

answer

resulted in a severe financial panic.

question

What President was part of a wealthy, large land-owning, frontier elite.

answer

William Henry Harrison

question

What President was a Whig who had once been a Democrat.

answer

John Tyler

question

Between 1800 and 1830, immigration to the United States was or was not a significant contributor to the national population.

answer

Was NOT

question

Between 1840 and 1860, the overwhelming majority of immigrants who arrived in the United States came from

answer

Ireland and Germany.

question

Reform movements emerged in America in the mid-nineteenth century in part because of a

answer

desire for social stability and discipline in the face of change.

question

The nineteenth-century reformer Horace Mann believed that education should promote

answer

democracy

question

Primarily known for her pioneering work in the American feminist movement

answer

Elizabeth Cady Stanton

question

In the early nineteenth century, the American Colonization Society was founded by

answer

White Virginians opposed to slavery

question

Between 1840 and 1860, the American South's slave population dramatically shifted into the

answer

Deep South and Southwest.

question

Where did slaves have more privacy and a social realm of their own

answer

On large plantations

question

To "manumit" means to

answer

free

question

Among the features of their religion, American slaves often incorporated

answer

African features into their Christianity.

question

What ideology declared that the United States was destined by God and history to expand in size, should create a vast new "empire of liberty,"and the growth of the United States was not selfish but altruistic.

answer

Manifest Dynasty

question

In 1836, the Battle of the Alamo saw the death of

answer

Davy Crockett

question

The Mexican War resulted from the United States

answer

provoking Mexico to fight.

question

Prohibited slavery in any land acquired from Mexico.

answer

The Wilmot Proviso

question

The Compromise of 1850 allowed for the admission of California along with a strengthened

answer

Fugitive Slave Act.

question

The Supreme Court held in the case of Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857) that

answer

the Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional

question

What President weakly endorsed the Dred Scott decision, supported the admission of Kansas as a slave state, and pressured Congress to admit Kansas under the Lecompton constitution

answer

James Buchanan

question

The first state to secede from the Union in 1860 was

answer

South Carolina

question

On April 14, 1861, Fort Sumter surrendered after

answer

Confederate forces bombarded it.

question

The Confederate leader who attempted to strategize, make, and control all military decisions personally.

answer

Jefferson Davis

question

Of these, which of the following technologies was NOT a part of warfare during the Civil War? Hot-air balloons, repeating rifles, submarines, dynamite, or torpedoes.

answer

Dynamite

question

In 1861, the First Battle of Manassas was a victory for

answer

the Confederates

question

The state admitted to the Union during the Civil War was

answer

West Virginia

question

As the Battle of Vicksburg was ending, another major battle was taking place in

answer

Gettysburg

question

Robert E. Lee surrendered to Ulysses Grant at Appomattox Court House after

answer

Lee recognized the futility of continued fighting.

question

President Abraham Lincoln's "ten percent" plan for the South referred to

answer

the number of white voters required to take loyalty oaths before setting up a state government.

question

In the 1860s, laws that were designed to give whites control over freedmen.

answer

Black Codes

question

Was designed to limit President Andrew Johnson's authority.

answer

The Tenure of Office Act

question

All of the following were involved in scandals during the Grant administration EXCEPT: President Ulysses Grant, Secretary of War William Belknap, Vice President Schuyler Colfax, or Treasury Secretary Benjamin Bristow.

answer

President Ulysses Grant

question

As president, Rutherford B. Hayes promised to

answer

only serve one term

question

The Supreme Court ruled in Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) that

answer

racial segregation was legal if whites and blacks had equal "accommodations."

question

The early colonial conflict between Eastern and Western Virginia was

answer

Bacon's Rebellion

question

The principal factor for the early English settlement of colonies was this

answer

Religious Reasons

question

This was the document in which the Pilgrims established a civil government for Plymouth Colony

answer

The Mayflower Compact

question

The first colonies where the death rate was highest

answer

The Chesapeake Colonies

question

This determined the relationship between the Native Americans and the Europeans

answer

The desire for trade

question

This act affected the lives of ordinary people as well as the elite upper class and caused a wide-spread anti-British political movement in the colonies

answer

The Stamp Act of 1765

question

He labeled the incident in Boston a Massacre because he wanted to whip up further support for the cause of the Revolt

answer

Sam Adams

question

The British surrender here was the turning point of the revolution

answer

Battle of Yorktown

question

He was the father of the Constitution

answer

James Madison

question

This was the central point of issue between the supporters and critics of the Articles of Confederation

answer

How to reconcile states' rights with a strong central government

question

"Planted" US troops in the disputed border area started this war

answer

The Mexican War

question

This treaty ended the War of 1812

answer

Treaty of Ghent

question

After 1840, this accounted for half of the value of all American crops

answer

Cotton

question

Calhoun and his supporters threatened nullification and secession over this issue

answer

the issue of high tariffs

question

This was the most "radical" amendment voted on at the Seneca Falls Convention

answer

Suffrage for Women

question

This novel caused heated debates in both the North and the South

answer

Uncle Tom's Cabin

question

This religion advocated sexual equality, communal property and strict celibacy

answer

The Shakers

question

This society established a colony in Liberia as a refuge for former slaves returned to Africa

answer

The National Colonization Society

question

Irving and Cooper were American authors who wrote about this

answer

American scenes and themes

question

This was a major problem not solved by the civil war

answer

Racism

question

This made South Carolina secede from the Union

answer

The election of Abraham Lincoln in 1860

question

This battle taught both sides that the Civil War was going to be bloodier than anyone first imagined

answer

The Battle of Bull Run (Manassas)

question

He was impeached for his violation of the Tenure of Office Act

answer

Andrew Johnson

question

This battle was the turning point of the Civil War

answer

Battle of Gettysburg

question

This English colony was originally founded in 1607 by men seeking great wealth

answer

Jamestown

question

The Great Awakening ministers introduced a new form of preaching called

answer

Evangelism

question

Penn's colony of Pennsylvania was established as a religious sanctuary for this religious group

answer

Quakers

question

This early rebellion convinced many Americans of the need for a stronger central government

answer

Shay's Rebellion

question

His main contribution to the Revolutionary War was his explanation of why the colonies were fighting

answer

Thomas Paine

question

When an elderly Jefferson referred to the Missouri Compromise as a "firebell in the night," he meant that this might happen

answer

The US was in danger of falling apart

US History 201, Beginning to 1877 – Flashcards

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