Unit 4 Vocab Test Questions – Flashcards
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affinity (definition)
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(n.) a natural attraction to a person, thing, or activity; a relationship, connection
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affinity (synonym)
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inclination, penchant
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affinity (antonym)
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aversion, distaste
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bilious (definition)
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(adj.) peevish or irritable; sickeningly unpleasant
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bilious (synonym)
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choleric, irascible, peevish, splenetic
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bilious (antonym)
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sweet-tempered, genial, pleasant, delightful
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cognate (definition)
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(adj.) closely related in origin, essential nature, or function; (n.) such a person or thing
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cognate (synonym)
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(adj.) allied, affiliated; (n.) relative
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cognate (antonym)
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(adj.) dissimilar
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corollary (definition)
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(n.) a proposition that follows from one already proven; a natural consequence or result; (adj.) resultant or consequent
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corollary (synonym)
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(n.) deduction, conclusion
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corollary (antonym)
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(n.) axiom, postulate, premise
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cul-de-sac (definition)
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(n.) a blind alley or dead end street; any situation in which further progress is impossible; an impasse
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derring-do (definition)
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(n.) valor or heroism; daring deeds or exploits (often used to poke fun at false heroics)
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derring-do (synonym)
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audacity, bravado, pyrotechnics
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derring-do (antonym)
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cowardice, poltroonery
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divination (definition)
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(n.) the art or act of predicting the future or discovering hidden knowledge
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divination (synonym)
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prophecy
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elixir (definition)
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(n.) a potion once thought capable of curing all ills and maintaining life indefinitely; a panacea; a sweet liquid used as a vehicle in medicines
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elixir (synonym)
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nostrum, tonic
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folderol (definition)
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(n.) foolish talk, ideas, or procedures; nonsense; a trifle
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folderol (synonym)
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gibberish
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folderol (antonym)
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sense, significance
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gamut (definition)
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(n.) an entire range or series
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gamut (synonym)
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compass, sweep
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hoi polloi (definition)
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(n.) the common people, the masses
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hoi polloi (synonym)
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rank and file
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hoi polloi (antonym)
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aristocracy, elite, upper class
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ineffable (definition)
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(adj.) not expressible in words; too great or too sacred to be uttered
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ineffable (synonym)
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inexpressible
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lucubration (definition)
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(n.) laborious study or thought, especially at night; the result of such work
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lucubration (synonym)
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burning the midnight oil
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mnemonic (definition)
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(adj.) relation to or designed to assist the memory; (n.) a device to aid the memory
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mnemonic (synonym)
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(n.) reminder, cue
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obloquy (definition)
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(n.) public abuse indicating strong disapproval or censure; the disgrace resulting from such treatment
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obloquy (synonym)
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discredit, opprobrium, dishonor
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obloquy (antonym)
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praise, acclaim, approbation
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parameter (definition)
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(n.) a determining or characteristic element; a factor that shapes the total outcome; a limit, boundary
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pundit (definition)
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(n.) a learned person; one who gives authoritative opinions
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pundit (synonym)
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expert, authority, savant
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pundit (antonym)
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dilettante, layman, amateur
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risible (definition)
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(adj.) pertaining to laughter; able or inclined to laugh; laughable
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risible (synonym)
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droll, ludicrous
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risible (antonym)
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depressing, heartrending, poignant
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symptomatic (definition)
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(adj.) typical or characteristic; being or concerned with a symptom of a disease
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symptomatic (synonym)
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indicative
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volte-face (definition)
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(n.) an about-face; a complete reversal
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volte-face (synonym)
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turnabout
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end stop line
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line of verse in which both the grammatical structure and the sense reach completion at the end of a line; denoting a line of verse in which a logical or rhetorical pause occurs at the end of the line, usually marked with a period, comma, or semicolon; line in poetry that ends with a complete pause created by punctuation (; or .)
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enjambment
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line of verse that carries over into next line without a pause of any kind
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envelope method - (frame)
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Begins and ends with same setting and/or narrator(s); middle is flashback
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epigram
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a witty saying, usually at the end of a poem, about 2 lines long; a brief, witty observation about a person, institution, or experience
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epigraph
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A brief quotation at the beginning of a book or chapter.
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epiphany
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an awakening; a sudden understanding or burst of insight; key moment in Greek plays
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epitaph
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an engraving on a tombstone
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epithet
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nickname or appellation, i.e., "Helen of the white arms" in the Iliad
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euphemism
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substitute word(s) that sounds better than another (lingerie instead of underwear); the use of inoffensive or neutral words to describe a harsher, more serious concept. IT reduces the risk that the listener will be upset or offended. Example: people "pass away", instead of "Die". Euphemisms soften the blow of unhappy news or truths.
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euphony
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a quality of style marked by pleasing, harmonious sounds, the opposite of cacophony
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existentialism
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a term applied to a group of attitudes which emphasize existence rather than the essence, and sees the inadequacy of human reason to explain the enigma of the universe
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exposition
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the introductory material which sets the tone, gives the setting, introduces the characters, and supplies necessary facts; may be the first section of the typical Plot, in which Characters are introduced, the Setting is described, and any necessary background information is given. Sometimes there is a lot, and the exposition stretches out; sometimes and the expository information is tucked in unobtrusively as people talk to each other or inside the narrator's descriptions.
