Unit 1 Test Study Guide (Biology) – Flashcards
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biology
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the study of life
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bio-
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pertaining to life
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-logy
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the study of
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organization
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the high degree of order within an organism's internal and external parts and in its interactions with the living world
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cell
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the smallest unit that can perform all of life's processes
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multicellular
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describes a tissue, organ, or organism that is made of many cells
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stimulus (plural stimuli)
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something that causes a reaction in an organ or cell
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homeostasis
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the steady-state physiological condition of the body
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metabolism
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the sum of all chemical processes that occur in an organism
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growth
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the gradual increase of an animal or vegetable body over time
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development
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gradual advancement or growth through a series of progressive changes
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reproduction
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the process of producing offspring
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scientific method
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the series of steps followed to solve problems, including collecting data, formulating a hypothesis, testing the hypothesis, and stating conclusions
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uniformity
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Consistency
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observation
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the process of obtaining information by using the senses
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hypothesis
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an idea or explanation that is based on observations and that can be tested
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prediction
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a statement made in advance that expresses the results that will be obtained from testing a hypothesis if the hypothesis is supported
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controlled experiment
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A scientific investigation in which both the control group and experimental group(s) are kept under similar variables apart from the factor under study so that the effect or influence of that factor can be identified or determined
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control group
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a group that serves as a standard of comparison with another group to which the control group is identical except for one factor
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experimental group
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a group that is identical to a control group, except for one factor
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independent variable
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the factor that is deliberately manipulated
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dependent variable
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the factor that changes as a result of the manipulation
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inference
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The act or process of deriving logical conclusions from premises known or assumed to be true
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theory
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an explanation of for some phenomenon that based on observation
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compound light microscope
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a microscope that uses light to illuminate a specimen that is then magnified by two lenses
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ocular lens (eyepiece)
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the part of a compound light microscope that magnifies an image
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objective lens
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the part of a compound light microscope that is directly above the specimen and that magnifies the image of the specimen
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stage
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a platform of a compound light microscope that supports the slide holding the specimen
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light source
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Any device serving as a source of illumination
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magnification
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the increase of an object's apparent size by using lenses or mirrors
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resolution
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the ability to form images in fine detail
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electron microscope
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An electron microscope is a microscope that uses a beam of accelerated electrons as a source of illumination
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scanning electron microscopes
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a microscope that produces an enlarged, three dimensional image of an object by using a beam of electrons other than light
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transmission electron microscopes
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a microscope that transmits a beam of electrons through a very thin slice of specimen of specimen
