Unit 1: Psychology`s History and Approaches – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
Plato and Socrates view of the mind
answer
mind is separate from the body and continues on after death
question
Blank Slate/ Tabula Rasa
answer
John Locke
question
Ideas that formed modern Empiricism
answer
John Locke and Francis Bacon
question
First psychological lab
answer
Wilhelm Wundt
question
Wundt's lab work involved experimental studies of
answer
reactions to sensory stimulation
question
differentiated Wundt's research from psychologists before him
answer
laboratory research
question
Wundt's early experiments were attempts to investigate what area of psych?
answer
the simplest mental processes
question
consciously aware of perceiving a sound
answer
introspection
question
used introspection to scientifically identify basic elements of mind
answer
Edward Titchener
question
self-reflective observation of one's own sensations and feelings
answer
introspection
question
introspection was used by Titchener to identify
answer
elements of sensory experience
question
participants carefully observe and report their immediate reactions and feelings in response to different musical sounds
answer
introspection
question
the unreliability of introspection contributed to the waning popularity of
answer
structuralism
question
functionalism was developed by
answer
William James
question
William James was a
answer
functionalist
question
Functionalism focused on
answer
adaptive value of conscious thoughts and emotions
question
Student of William James and first female president of the American Psychological Association
answer
Mary Calkins
question
American philosopher who authored a textbook in 1890 for the emerging discipline of psych
answer
William James
question
defines psychology as the scientific study of observable behavior (What have you done to my baby)
answer
John B. Watson
question
emphasizes the role of the unconscious in affecting behavior
answer
Sigmund Freud
question
psychoanalysts focus on
answer
childhood experiences and unconscious thought processes
question
humanistic psychologists concentrate on
answer
current environmental influences on potential
question
behaviorists dismissed the value of (thought process disvalued)
answer
introspection
question
humanistic psychologists focused on the importance of (people are good)
answer
healthy grow potential
question
cognitive revolution involved a renewal of interest in the study of
answer
mental processes
question
what field of psych would this question fall under: what happens in our brain when we forget details about stressful life events, and how does this process affect behavior?
answer
cognitive neuroscience
question
argument as to whether psychological differences between men and women result from biological or social influences involves what debate
answer
nature vs nurture
question
the inheritance of behavioral characteristics was emphasized by
answer
Charles Darwin
question
the biopsychosocial approach provides an understanding of social-cultural influences integrated within the larger framework of
answer
multiple levels of analysis
question
approach asses both nature and nurture on our psychological traits
answer
biopsychosocial
question
perspective most relevant to understanding the impact of strokes and brain diseases on memory
answer
biological
question
cognitive perspective of psych focuses on how
answer
people encode, process, store, and retrieve information
question
distinctive feature of psychodynamic perspective
answer
unconscious conflicts
question
perspective that focuses most clearly on how we learn observable responses (Watson & Skinner)
answer
behavioral
question
boosts morale and productivity
answer
behavioral
question
reproductive advantages of inherited psychological traits
answer
evolutionary
question
praise is a method of this approach to psych
answer
behavioral
question
unconscious
answer
psychodynamic
question
physical properties of the brain influence behaviors and mental states
answer
biological
question
contribute to psychological disorders
answer
biological
question
criticism for Freud's psychoanalytic theory
answer
unscientific and unverifiable
question
humanist
answer
Abraham Maslow
question
behaviorists explain human thought and behavior as a result of (Spider demo)
answer
past conditioning
question
relies on observation
answer
empiricism
question
relies on introspection
answer
structuralism
question
how mental and behavioral processes function
answer
functionalism
question
emphasizes observable mental behavior
answer
behaviorism
question
links biological and psychological processes
answer
biological
question
how the natural selection of traits promoted the survival of genes
answer
evolutionary
question
how behavior springs from unconscious drives and conflicts
answer
psychodynamic
question
how we learn observable responses
answer
behavioral
question
how we encode process store and retrieve information
answer
cognitive
question
how we meet our needs for love and acceptance and achieve self-fulfillment
answer
humanistic
question
how behavior and thinking vary across situations and cultures
answer
social-cultural
