U.S. History STAAR Review – Flashcards
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What is the first amendment?
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Freedom of speech,press,assembly,petition,and religon
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Second amendment?
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Right to bear arms
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Third amendment?
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No quartering of soliders in people's houses.
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Fourth amendment?
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No searches and seizures without warrant
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Fifth amendment?
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"I pled the fifth". Certain legal procedures must be carried out before a person can be tried and punished.
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Sixth amendment?
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A fair and impartial trial in criminal cases.
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Seventh amendment?
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Jury trial in civil cases.
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Eighth amendment?
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No cruel or unusual punishment or unresonable bail for those found guilty of a crime
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Ninth amendment?
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Rights not specified are kept by the people.
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Tenth amendment?
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Reserved powers to the states.
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Thirteenth amendment?
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Banned slavery.
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Fourteenth amendment?
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All people born here are citizens and will have equal protection under the law.
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Fifteenth amendment?
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Can't deny citizens the right to vote based on race, color, or previous condition of servitude.
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What is important about the date 1607?
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Jamestown was founded.
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What is important about the date 1776?
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Declaration of Independence
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What is important about the date 1787?
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NW Ordinance that established a policy that admitted new states as equal to the original 13
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What is important about the date 1787?
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Constitutional Convection come together to write the Constitution (did you know it is the ldest written constitution in the world?)
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What is important about the date 1803?
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Louisiana Purchase
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What is important about the date 1861?
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Civil War begins
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What is important about the date 1865?
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Civil war ends
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When was and who founded Plymouth? Why? What was important about it?
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The Pilgrims founded Plymouth in 1620, because they wanted religious freedom. It was important because the Mayflower Compact was written by them.
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When was and who founded Massachsetts Bay? Why? What was important about it?
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The Puritans founded Massahusetts Bay in 1630, they wanted regilious freedom. It was important because they had a representative government.
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When did Plymouth and Massachusetts bay join together to form Masschusetts?
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1691
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When was and who founded New Hampshire? Why? What was important about it?
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John Mason founded the colony in 1622 because he wanted profit from trade and fishing. It was important because colonists from Massachusetts to the area and by the 1650s it was under the control of Massachusetts.
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When was and who founded Connecticut? Why? What was important about it?
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Thomas Hooker founded the colony in 1636 becuase he wanted to expand trading, to have regilious and political freedom, and limited government. It was important because Fundamental orders of Connecticut was written.
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When was and who founded Rhode Island? Why? What was important about it?
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Roger Williams bought the colony from Narragansetts in 1636 because he wanted religious tolerance.It was important because it had separation between state and church.
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When was and who founded New Netherlands? Why? What was important about it?
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Peter Minuit founded it in 1624 because he wanted religious freedom and trade. It is important because it had a very diverse population.
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When was and who founded New York? Why? What was important about it?
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James, the Duke of York, was given a royal charter to control the colony in 1664 because of the trade and the land. It was important because it had a very diverse population.
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When was and who founded New Jersey? Why? What was important about it?
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It is a proprietary colony under Lord Berkeley and Sir George Carnet in 1664 but becoms a royal clony in 1702. The divison of NY was to big to govern so they made it into NJ. It had great trade, religious freedom, and political freedom.
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When was and who founded Delaware? Why? What was important about it?
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It was settled by Swedish settlers in 1638 for trade. It was later siezed by the English in 1664 for extra land. Then it was granted to William Penn in 1682. It provides Pennsylvania with a coastline.
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What is the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut?
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It is a written constitution that states any man owning property could vote and it gave limited power to the governer.
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When was and who founded Pennsylvania? Why? What was important about it?
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It was a proprietary colony owned by William Penn in 1682 because he wanted political and religious freedom. It is a important place for the Quakers.
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When was and who founded Jamestown? Why? What was important about it?
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The Virginia Company founded it in 1607 because of trade and farming. It is important because they establishes self-government under the House of Burgesses.
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When was and who founded Virginia ? Why? What was important about it?
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It becomes a royal colony in 1624; it is important becuase they still have the House of Burgesses.
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When was and who founded the Carolinas ? Why? What was important about it?
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The land was granted to 8 proprieters because of trade and religious freedom. It's important because it grew tons of rice and indigo and also it led to slavery.
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When was and who founded Georgia ? Why? What was important about it?
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It was proprietary colony owned by James Oglethorpe in1732. It was a haven for debtors and a border against the Spanish in Florida.
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When did The Carolinas split into North and South Carolina?
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North Carolina became a separate colony in 1719 and South Carolina became a colony in 1729 because the proprietors gave their rights to the king. They are important because they both have representative assemblies.
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What are the 7 principles of government?
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Republicaniism, Popular Sovereignty, Federalism, Limited Government, Separation of Powers, and Checks and Balance.
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What is Republiacanism? Give an example.
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Officals elected by the people to govern the nation.
Ex. President, Governer, Congressmen or Senator
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What is Popular Sovereignty? Give an example.
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People have the power and those that get their power from the people.
Ex. People can vote officals out of office if they don't approve of what they do.
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What is Federalism? Give an example.
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Power is shared between the national and state government.
Ex. Both the national or state have the power to tax their citizens.
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What is Limited Government? Give an example.
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National and the state government can't do what they want; they have to follow the Constitution.
Ex. Neither the national or the state can place a tax on export
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What is Separation of Powers? Give an example.
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Legislative - makes the laws
Exective - carries them out
Judical - interprets the laws
Ex. President - commander in chief
Congress - places taxes
Supreme Court - rules laws unconstitutional
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What is Checks and Balance? Give an example.
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A system where each of the three branches has checks on the power on the other two to prevent abuse of power.
Ex. President can veto a law passed by Congress. Congress can override the veto. The Court can rule a law unconstitutional.
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Who said the quote, "...We shall be like a city upon a hill..." ?
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John Winthrop
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"Separation of church and state is needed.."
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Roger Williams
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"holy experiment"
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William Penn
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"I believe that I can save this nation and that no one else can."
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William Pitt
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"Join, or die..."
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Albany Plan of Union by Benjamin Franklin
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"I only regret that I but one life to lose for my country."
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Nathan Hale
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"Taxation withouth representation is tyranny."
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James Otis
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"If this be treason, make the most of it."
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Patrick Henry
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"I know not what course others may take; but as for me, give me liberty, or give me death!"
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Patrick Henry
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"shot heard around the world"
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Ralph Waldo Emerson
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"Dig men, dig for your lives"
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William Prescott
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"Don't shoot until you see the whites of their eyes."
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William Prescott
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"One if by land, two if by sea.."
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William Prescott
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"I have not yet begun to fight"
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John Paul Jones
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"We shall all hang together or surely hang separately"
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Benjamin Franklin
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"Oh, God! It's all over."
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Lord North
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"That summer soldier and the sunshine patriot.."
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Common Sense by Thomas Paine
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"These are the times that try men's souls..."
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Thomas Paine
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"The Birtish are coming..."
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Paul Revere
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"We hold these truths to be self evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and Pursuit of Happiness......our lives, our fortunes, our sacred honor."
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Declaration of Independence
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"...these United colonies are...and of right ought to be, free and independent states..."
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Richard Henry Lee
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"Steer clear of permanent alliances..."
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George Washington
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"Millions for defense, but not one cent for tribute!"
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John Adams
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"Remember the women..."
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Abiail Adams
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"We are all Republican; we are all Federalists."
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Thomas Jefferson
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"Corrupt bargain."
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Andrew Jackson
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"Our federal Union - it must be preserved!"
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Andrew Jackson
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"To the victior belongs the spoils..."
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Andrew Jackson
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"We was robbed."
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Andrew Jackson
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"Damn the torpedoes...Full speed ahead...Tippecanoe and Tyler too!"
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Perry (War of 1812)
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"The Union - next to our liberty, most dear."
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John Calhoun
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"The people have no right to sell, not to each other, certainly not ot strangers...Why not sell the air...?"
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Tecumseh
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"I will fight no more forever."
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Chief Joseph
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"That this nation shall have a new birth of freedon and that government of the people, by the people, and for the people , shall not perish from the earth...'
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Abraham Lincoln
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"We worked in all waters. It was never too hot or too cold...Work,work,work..."
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Frederick Douglass
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Define Alien.
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Foreigner
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Define American System.
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Plan devised by Henry Clay providing high tariffs and internal improvements
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Define Appeal.
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Ask that a decision be reviewed by the higher court
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Define Appropriate.
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Set aside money for a special purpose
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Define Bill
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proposed law
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Define Bond.
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Certifiate that promises to pay the holder a sum money plus an interest
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Define Bounty.
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Payment made to men who joined the Union army
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Define Capitalists.
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Person who invests money in business
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Define Caucus.
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Private meeting of political party leaders to choose a candidate
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Define Constituents.
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People who elect a representative to office
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Define Due Process.
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Right of every citizen to the same fair rules in all cases brought to trial
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Define Elastic Clause.
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A statement in the Constitutiongranting Congress to pass all necessary and proper laws for carrying out the emumerated list of pwers
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Define Emumerated Articles.
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Goods that Parliment said colonists could only sell to England
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What is the Era of Good Feelings.
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The period from 1816 to 1823, whenthe decline of the Federalists Party and the end of the War of 1812 gave rise to time of political cooperation
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Define the Grandfather Clause.
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Law passed by southern states after the Civil War. Excused a voter from a poll tax or literacy test if his father or grandfather had voted in 1867
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Define Kitchen Cabinet.
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Group of unoffical advisors to President Andrew Jacskon
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Define Laissez Faire.
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French term meaning let alone. Referred to the idea that government should not interfere in people's lives
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Define Martial Law.
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Rule by the army
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Define Necessary and Proper Clause.
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The Elastic Clause
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Define Nominating conventions.
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Meeting at which a political party selects a candidate
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Define Nonimportation agreements.
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Promise of colonial merchants and planters to stop importing goods taxed by the Townshed Act
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Define Old Hickory.
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Nickname for Andrew Jackson
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Define Pet banks.
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State banks used by President Andrew Jackson and Roger Taney for government money
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Define Sedition.
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Stirring up rebellion
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Define Speculator.
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Person who invests in a risky venture in hopes of making a large profit
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Define Tax - in - kind.
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Tax paid with goods rather money
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Define Vigilantes.
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Self appionted law enforcers who deal out punishments without holding a trial
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Deine Proprietary colony.
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A English colony in which the king gave land to one or more proprietors in exhange for a yearly payment
