U.S. History Chapter 6 Test: Industrial Revolution – Flashcards
50 test answers
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answers 50question
How did the network of railroad lines improve the economy?
answer
allowed companies to sell product nationally
Unlock the answer
question
What did the invention of refining oil lead to?
answer
development of motors and the invention of the horseless carriage (automobile)
Unlock the answer
question
What did the invention of the internal combustion engine lead to?
answer
Wright Brothers made the first flight in 1903
Unlock the answer
question
What did Samuel Morse invent?
answer
telegraph as a means of communication
Unlock the answer
question
What did Alexander Graham Bell invent?
answer
telephone in 1876
Unlock the answer
question
What did Chris Sholes invent in 1867?
answer
typewriter
Unlock the answer
question
What did Thomas Edison invent in 1877?
answer
phonograph
Unlock the answer
question
What did Thomas Edison invent in 1879?
answer
light bulb
Unlock the answer
question
How did coal and steam contribute to the Industrial Revolution?
answer
allowed factories to produce goods faster
Unlock the answer
question
What was invented from iron ore to allow heavy machinery to be constructed?
answer
steel
Unlock the answer
question
What was the Bessemer process?
answer
burned off the impurities of iron to produce steel
Unlock the answer
question
Why could steel be used to build large buildings?
answer
steel was resistant to rust
Unlock the answer
question
What did Edwin Drake do?
answer
used the steam engine to drill for oil leading to the Oil Boom
Unlock the answer
question
What did the availability of steel allow railroad companies to do?
answer
encouraged railroad companies to lay thousands of miles of new tracks
Unlock the answer
question
What did railroad companies create in 1869?
answer
first transcontinental railroad
Unlock the answer
question
What did George Westinghouse invent?
answer
compressed air brake making it possible for trains to pull larger loads at faster speeds.
Unlock the answer
question
What did the novels of Harotio Alger Jr. place an emphasis on?
answer
individuals improve social and financial status through hard work and motivation
Unlock the answer
question
What was free enterprise?
answer
belief that the economy would prosper if businesses were left free from government regulations and allowed to compete in a free market
Unlock the answer
question
What was the philosophy of Marxism?
answer
property and the means of production are owned by the community
Unlock the answer
question
What did Darwinists believe economically?
answer
society progressed through natural competition
Unlock the answer
question
What are corporations?
answer
organizations that raise money needed to fund the industries by selling stocks
Unlock the answer
question
What are the advantages of a corporation?
answer
1. can raise large sums of money 2. limited liability 3. investors are not responsible for the debt
Unlock the answer
question
How do trusts help corporations?
answer
1. limit overproduction 2. reduces competition 3. avoids monopolies
Unlock the answer
question
Who was the first person to buy supplies in bulk and produce goods in large quantities?
answer
Andrew Carnegie
Unlock the answer
question
Who bought companies at each stage of oil refining allowing him to sell oil cheaper?
answer
Rockefeller
Unlock the answer
question
What did Vanderbilt do with railroads?
answer
made direct routes between urban centers
Unlock the answer
question
What did Westinghouse invent for railroads?
answer
air brake for railroads making it possible to haul more cars at faster speeds
Unlock the answer
question
What did Pullman design for railroads?
answer
dining cars and luxurious cars that passengers could sleep comfortably
Unlock the answer
question
What were created to sell a variety of goods in the urban market?
answer
department stores
Unlock the answer
question
During the Industrial Revolution, did governmental policies benefit the owners or the workers?
answer
owners
Unlock the answer
question
What was the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890?
answer
outlawed monopolies and trusts
Unlock the answer
question
Why did the Sherman Antitrust Act fail to stop monopolies?
answer
failed to define what a monopoly or a trust was
Unlock the answer
question
Did the government provide assistance for workers?
answer
No
Unlock the answer
question
How did America address the demand for labor?
answer
increased the number of immigrants
Unlock the answer
question
Why did many African Americans move from rural areas to the cities?
answer
search for jobs in factories
Unlock the answer
question
Did women work during the Industrial Revolution?
answer
yes to support their families
Unlock the answer
question
What happened to children who worked during the Industrial Revolution/
answer
children worked long hours in terrible working conditions fatigue led to injuries and sometimes death
Unlock the answer
question
What were company towns?
answer
workers were paid in scrip and could it could only be used to pay rent to the company and buy goods from the company store
Unlock the answer
question
What was the Knights of Labor?
answer
first union organization to support both skilled and unskilled workers
Unlock the answer
question
Did the Knights of Labor encourage women to join the union?
answer
yes
Unlock the answer
question
Which nationality did the Knights of Labor not allow to join, because they accused them of taking jobs from Americans?
answer
Chinese Americans
Unlock the answer
question
What three things did the Knights of Labor fight for regarding workers?
answer
1. 8 hour work day 2. equal pay for equal work 3. end to child labor
Unlock the answer
question
What event encouraged more workers to join the Knights of Labor?
answer
railroad strike of 1877
Unlock the answer
question
What was the Great Upheaval?
answer
In 1886, the nation experienced intense strikes and violent labor confrontations
Unlock the answer
question
What was the Haymarket Riot?
answer
The most intense strike of the 1880's that wounded 60 police officers from a bomb exploding
Unlock the answer
question
What did companies do to strike back at union workers?
answer
1. handed out a list of employees to all employers who agreed not to hire them 2. put clauses in worker's contracts stating that they could not join a union 3. instituted lockouts barring union workers from entering factories and replacing them with other workers
Unlock the answer
