U.S History Chapter 24-25 vocab – Flashcards
Flashcard maker : Jill Lopez
Joseph Stalin
Communist dictator of the Soviet Union
Totalitarianism
a form of government in which the ruler is an absolute dictator
Benito Mussolini
Italian politician who led the National Fascist Party and created Fascism
Fascism
a political theory advocating an authoritarian hierarchical government (as opposed to democracy or liberalism)
Adolf Hitler
Leader of the Nazi Party and the Third Reich in Germany during World War II.
Nazism
an extreme form of facism shaped by Hitler’s fanatical ideas about German nationalism and racial superiority
Francisco Franco
Fascist leader of the Spanish revolution, helped by Hitler and Mussolini
Neutrality Acts
4 laws passed in the late 1930s that were designed to keep the US out of international incidents
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
Defensive military alliance formed in 1949 by ten Western European countries, the US and Canada
Neville Chamberlain
Great British prime minister who advocated peace and a policy of appeasement
Winston Churchill
Prime Minister of Great Britain during World War II.
Appeasement
the act of appeasing (as by acceding to the demonds of)
Nonagression Pact
an agreement in which nations promise not to attack one another
Blitzkrieg
German word meaning lightning war. It was a German army tactic during World War II which called for quick moving, hard hitting drives into enemy territory.
Charles De Gaulle
French general and statesman who became very popular during World War II as the leader of the Free French forces in exile (1890-1970)
Holocaust
a large-scale destruction, especially by fire; a vast slaughter; a burnt offering
Kristallnacht
Night of Broken Glass, Nov 9 1938 night when the Nazis killed or injured many jews & destroyed many jewish properties
Genocide
the planned annihilation of a racial, political, or cultural group
Ghetto
any segregated mode of living or working that results from bias or stereotyping
Concentration Camp
a penal camp where political prisoners or prisoners of war are confined (usually under harsh conditions)
Axis Powers
in World War II, the nations of Germany, Italy, and Japan, which had formed an alliance in 1936.
Lend-Lease Act
replaced cash and carry; allowed Britain to borrow US war materials
Atlantic Charter
Agreement signed by President Franklin Roosevelt and Prime Minister Winston Churchill in 1941 outlining the two nations’ war aims
Allies
an alliance of nations joining together to fight a common enemy
Hideki Tojo
Japan’s prime minister. ordered attack on pearl harbor
George Marshall
United States general and statesman who as Secretary of State organized the European Recovery Program (1880-1959)
Women’s Auxillary Army Corp
US army unit created during WWII to enable women to serve in noncombat positions
A. Philip Randolph
Proposed to march on Washington for civil rights for blacks in US
Manhattan Project
a former United States executive agency that was responsible for developing atomic bombs during World War II
Office of Prime Administration
Created by Congress to help fight inflation.
War Production Board
government agency that decided which companies would make war materials and how to distribute raw materials
Rationing
A system of allocating scarce goods and services using criteria other than price
Dwight D. Eisenhower
leader of the Allied forces in Europe then was elected to be Pres. of the USA
D-Day
allied forces under dwight d. eisenhower landed on the beaches of normandy in history’s greatest naval invasion.
Omar Bradley
Commander of Omaha Beach on D-Day
George Patton
Famous American General who fought in North Africa and Europe.
Battle of the Bulge
a battle during World War II
V-E Day
May 8, 1945; victory in Europe Day when the Germans surrendered
Harry S. Truman
Became president when FDR died; gave the order to drop the atomic bomb
Douglas McArther
general who used force to remove the Bonus Army from D.C
Chester Nimitz
United States admiral of the Pacific fleet during World War II who used aircraft carriers to destroy the Japanese navy (1885-1966)
Battle of Midway
naval battle of World War II (June 1942)
kamikaze
a fighter plane used for suicide missions by Japanese pilots in World War II
J. Robert oppenheimer
director of the Manhattan Project and later of the Atomic Energy Commission
hiroshima
City in Japan, the first to be destroyed by an atomic bomb, on August 6, 1945.
nagasaki
site of 2nd Atomic Bomb, killing 40,000+ Japanease citizens
nuremberg trials
Trials of the Nazi leaders, showed that people are responsible for their actions, even in wartime
G.I Bill of Rights
Government bill that paid for veterans’ education and living expenses
James Farmer
Civil rights leader who founded the Congress of Racial Equality
Congress of Racial Equality
an organization founded by James Leonard Farmer in 1942 to work for racial equality
Internment
the act of confining someone in a prison (or as if in a prison)
Japanese American Citizen League
Pushed the government to compensate those sent to the camps for their lost property.
