T;T – Flashcards
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In a tourism-related public-private organization, government partners are more likely to fund
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Infrastructure improvements
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The decision-making process for promoting and developing tourism typically happens through a rational process in which the interests of all parties are carefully considered and balanced
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False
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Fluctuations in currency exchange rates have little impact on international tourism demands
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False
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Large increases in the number of tourists to an area usually result in economies of scale, which will decrease costs of providing services to residents
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False
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Analysis of current and future demand, competition, and promotion is a step in the analytical phase of the tourism policy and planning process
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True
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The process by which the management of not-for-profit government-operated tourism enterprises is turned over to profit-making organizations is called privatization
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True
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Convention centers are usually built with a combination of city and state funds
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True
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Tourism planning is usually undertaken by private consulting groups with little or no government involvement
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False
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Key determinants for the site decisions of a convention center are price, size, and quality of facilities, and a wide variety of amenities or add-ons that will likely encourage prospective attendees of the convention to sign up
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True
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Marketing to attract convention and trade show business is similar to efforts used to entice leisure travelers
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False
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A tourism planning organization needs to research market segments for trends and economic impacts, gain the cooperation of industry segments, change marketing priorities if required, and
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preserve resources that attract visitors
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All of the following are examples of direct tourism-related taxes EXCEPT
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Lottery taxes
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All of the following statements about multiplier effect are true EXCEPT WHICH?
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Economic variables for which economists derive multiplier values do not include taxes and imports
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_______ Is the likelihood of the potential traveler to visit a destination in the near future
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Conation
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Which of the following statements is NOT true of the economic impact of tourism?
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Tourism revenues are largely unaffected by local crisis events
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From an economics perspective, scarce commodities for communities or countries would be
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The amount and variety of natural resources
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The reason why tourism development can lead to political tugs-of-war is that
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Priorities of the constituent group must be determined despite the wide difference among the constituents of the group
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When tourism generates dollars that are not re-spent in the area, it is referred to as
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Leakage
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The continuous process of research and development decisions that creates and sustains tourism in a region is called
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Tourism planning
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The United States falls in top-of-mind awareness of international travelers in spite of
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Lack of marketing dollars
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The design of convention centers ranges from tiny facilities that are little more than a single large room to immense complexes that can hold tens of thousands of conventioneers
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True
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The higher the output multiplier, the more economically self-sufficient the country
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True
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Predicting future demand and competitive environment is part of the _____ of tourism planning and processes
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operational phase
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National and state/provincial governments support tourism development by performing activities that include collection of tourism information, regulation of tourism-related businesses like airlines, promotion of tourism, funding infrastructure, and development of
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Tourism policy
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The methods of determining estimated levels of tourism activity may vary, but the results will be the same
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False
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The tourism policy should provide a "destination vision"
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True
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Destination positioning is relative, as it relates the image of one destination to those of its competitors
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True
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A community seeing higher expenditures on health care because of the increased number of residents drawn to the are for employment in the tourism industry is an example of
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Induced effect
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Public/private organizations or partnerships are a common way for tourism promotion and development decisions to be made and funded
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True
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Which of the following is NOT usually true of convention centers?
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They are highly profitable enterprises
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Hidden taxes are often placed in which of the following tourism service suppliers?
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Rental cars
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One of the most important factors influencing the level of intentional tourism to a country is the relative exchange rate of its currency for other currencies
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True
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The factors that have led to rapid growth rate of travel to international destinations include increased disposable income, leisure time, and destination attractiveness
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True
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Researchers typically estimate the level of tourism activity by
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multiplying the estimated number of arrivals to a destination by the average expenditure per visitor
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Tourism is an export industry, and a multiplier effect is created as money that is brought into an area is re-spent on additional goods and services
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True
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All of the following statements regarding comparative advantage are true EXCEPT which?
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Many island economies consider that tourism has a comparative advantage because of their currency exchange rate
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To provide services to visitors, a tourism area must first develop the necessary infrastructure to support these services
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True
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Crime can become a serious societal problem when tourism succeeds
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True
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An increase in the number of situational abusers is one of the reasons that sex tourism has grown dramatically in recent years
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True
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Tourism cannot have a detrimental effect on the young people or on the culture of an are
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False
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Which of the following is NOT part of the social and cultural benefits of tourism?
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Effect of tourism on native language
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Special expressions of a culture are found in its unique history, architecture, and special traditions
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True
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Education and appreciation are probably the two most important ways tourism can be used to preserve the environment
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True
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The Middle East is the cradle of three of the world's most prominent religions: Christianity, Buddhism, and Hinduism
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False
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An expatriate is a citizen of one nation who lives in a nation of which he or she is not a citizen
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True
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Greece is a popular tourism destination because of the vast array of leisure activities available
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False
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Sex tourism is especially prevalent in economically advanced and politically stable countries
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False
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Air pollution can become a problem with
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The increased level of vehicle traffic in an area
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A visit to Venice and its lagoon facilitates the experience of which of the following eras?
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The Middle Ages
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Which of the following is NOT an element in physical capacity?
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Environmental impact
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The display of material goods and affluence tourists often bring when visiting locations in undeveloped and lesser developed countries that can lead to envy is called
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The demonstration effect
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Which of the following statements is NOT true of carrying capacity?
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There are no limits to where benefits can be gained
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The practices and objects of a culture can be grouped into three categories: physical, environmental, and ecological
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False
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Tourism cannot be used to help finance the preservation of attractions and natural areas
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False
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With proper planning, there is no limit to how many tourists can visit any location
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False
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A host community is composed of all of the following resources EXCEPT
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Number of visitors
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The Sherpas play only a minor role in the trekking tourism of Nepal
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False
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Tourism is considered to be an export industry
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True
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Which of the following defines environmental capacity?
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The limit on the number of users that an area can accommodate before visitors perceive a decline in the desirability of the area
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The management of a natural attraction demands careful environmental planning and creative carrying capacity design to balance visitor enjoyment and education with the well-being of the flora and fauna of the location
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True
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An attainment of the critical mass of interest is not necessary to maintain the viability of a society's culture with regard to tourism
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False
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The community a tourist is visiting is often termed the host community
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True
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Which of the following measures does NOT help in determining the carrying capacity?
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Expressions of culture
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What are superstructures?
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Facilities directly associated with serving visitors' needs
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Which of the following is a reason for the evolution of ecotourism?
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To try to preserve the environment and still gain the economic benefits of tourism
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The customary beliefs, social roles, and material objects that are passed down from generation to generation are called
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Culture
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Where is the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park?
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Australia
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The number of travelers has exploded in recent years for all of the following reasons EXCEPT
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Stable currency exchange rates
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A culture represents the customary beliefs, social roles, and material objects that are passed down from generation to generation
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True
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The number of people that a society and its land can bear without having damaging psychological effects on the locals is called
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Social carrying capacity
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Which of the following is defined as the limit on the actual number of users that can be accommodated in a region?
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Physical capacity
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Which of the following is NOT an underlying foundation or basic framework for a system or organization?
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Retail establishments
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As opposed to ecotourism, mass tourism primarily involves travel to sensitive natural and cultural environments
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False
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Sustainable lodging operations utilize all available marketing channels to increase visitor traffic and occupancy rates for maximum profitability
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False
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The growth rate being experienced by ecotourism has been defined as
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Double-digit
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Which of the following is NOT a common term used to describe ecotourism and related activities?
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Voluntourism
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Which of the following is NOT a basic principle of ecotourism?
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Large numbers of tourists should be attracted for the greatest economic benefit
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Mass tourism can result in high environmental, social, and cultural costs leading to all of the following EXEPT
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Local ownership and management of services
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In the first phase of tourism development, local residents feel
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Euphoria
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Which of the following attributes would be used to describe a conventional lodging property?
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Standard designs utilized to minimize construction costs
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Which of the following statements regarding sustainable tourism is NOT true?
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Sustainability is a well-developed concept that has universal standards of usage
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All of the following are associated with hard ecotourism EXCEPT
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Multipurpose trip
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As tourism industry participants adopt practices designed to maintain or achieve sustainability, the number of visitors that can be accommodated decreases
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True
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Which of the following is NOT one of the four Rs of sustainable practices?
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Recoup
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Ecotechniques include use of solar panels, rainwater collection, and bioclimatic design
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True
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Conventional lodging operations build on previously developed land and design buildings to blend in with the natural setting while incorporating energy-efficient features
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False
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Ecotechniques can be used to minimize the negative impacts that large numbers of visitors can have on host communities and the environment
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True
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In a farm-to-fork program, local restaurants showcase food items prepared from agricultural produce flown in from outside farms
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False
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According to the wilderness Act, all of the following apply in wilderness areas EXCEPT
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visits by tourists are not allowed
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Targeting geotourists, voluntarists, Nature Lovers, and Environmental Wanderers as marketing segments is a productive measure that would allow destinations to limit numbers
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True
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When trying to determine whether hotels and resorts are dedicated to conservation and preservation, travelers should consider all of the following questions EXCEPT which?
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Are they associated with research and development on renewable energy sources?
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Ecotourism has a high affinity for sustainability as a core element of its definition
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True
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Sustaining the natural and cultural elements of fragile environments is the key idea of mass tourism
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False
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In the euphoria stage of tourism development, destination residents
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Welcome both tourism investors and travelers
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To promote sustainability and manage the carrying capacity of specific sites, restrictive entry in the form of tickets, reservations, or higher entry fees is often used
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True
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All of the following denote benefits of ecotourism for host communities EXCEPT
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A financial incentive to protect and conserve a globally significant natural/cultural resource is provided
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Among the reasons cited for the recent explosion in tourism growth is
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Quicker, cheaper, and safer global transportation
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Carbon footprints can be reduced by using locally grown agricultural products, composting, and the judicial and intelligent use of delivery trucks to and from the farms and restaurants
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True
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Which of the following is NOT a fundamental feature of ecotourists?
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They have poor environmental commitment
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Low-impact tourism is another term used to denote mass tourism and its related activities
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False
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In the apathy stage of tourism development, destination residents welcome tourism investors and travelers
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False
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The manufacture and promotion of off-road vehicles may be a big threat to nature
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True
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The idea of geotourism was developed by the
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National Geographic Traveler Magazine
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Hard ecotourism activities are enjoyed by a relatively small proportion of environmentally conscious ecotourists
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True
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Geotourism encourages visitors to spend money, keeping preservation in mind
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True
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Mass tourism lays emphasis on learning as an outcome of tourism for the tourist
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False
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All of the following are associated with soft ecotourism EXCEPT
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Specialized trips
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All of the following statements denote characteristics of mass tourism EXCEPT
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it fits into the community and shares its ways
