Topics for the Global History 10 Thematic Essay – Flashcards

Traditional Feudalism: (Middle Ages) A. Land exchanged for service. B. Manor. C. Little trade. D. Craft. E. Protection. F. Weak government. Communist or Command: (USSR, Cuba, Vietnam, North Korea) In order to gain economic equality, government should plan and own the means of production. A. Karl Marx

Confucianism: (Ancient China) A. Natural order, harmony, good government. B. Respect elders. C. Strong family relationships. D. Influenced Chinese government and education. E. Mandate of heaven. Daoism: (China; East Asia) A. Influenced Ancient Chinese rulers. B. Advances in science. C. Live simply and in harmony. D. Dao guided the people. E. Philosophy based on the thinking of Laozi.

Mesopotamia River Valley: Rivers deposited rich soils, farmers could grow crops. A. Tigris/Euphrates river. B. Hammurabi code. C. Sumerians, Babylonians. D. Ziggurats. E.Cuneiform writing. F. Fertile Crescent. Egyptian River Valley: Rivers deposited rich soils, farmers could grow crops. A. Nile River. B. Pyramids. C. Rosetta stone, hieroglyphics. D. Pharaoh as god. E. Polytheistic.

Pyramids: (Mayans and Egyptians) A. Used as tombs. B. Power and organization of government. Great Wall of China: (China) A. Barrier B. Isolation C. Military Protection

Communism: (The Soviet Union, Cuba under Castro, China, North Korea, Vietnam) Government controls everything. A. Government owns land, industry, banks, natural resources and, transportation facilities. B. Limited economic and political freedom. Monarchy: A. Absolute monarch- power in the hands of one ruler- Louis XIV of France B. Constitutional monarch-power of the monarch is constricted/ controlled by a constitution or elected body- Great Britain, Japan.

Neolithic Revolution: Discovery of agriculture and farming. A. Settled- agriculture, planted crops and grains. B. Stable food sources. C. Rise of civilizations. D. Domesticated animals, sheep, goats, cattle, horses. Scientific Revolution: New discoveries, new ideas, people learned about the world and universe. A. More discoveries. B. Scientific Method(Hypothesis, experiment, observe) C. Discoveries(Heliocentric) D. New ways of thinking. E. Natural Law. F. Enlightenment. G. Revolutions and clashing of ideas.

Irish Potato Famine: A blight that affected the main food crop for the Irish people in the mid-1800s created widespread famine when the British, who ruled the island, continued to export crops that could have fed the Irish. At least a million Irish people died during the famine, also called the Great Hunger. Tienanmen Square: When students in China demanded greater political freedom in the late 1980s, Chinese Communist authorities cracked down, wounding and killing many demonstrators.

Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC): An oil cartel who's mission is to coordinate the policies of oil production in countries. Head quarters? Vienna, Austria. Involved? Algeria, Angola, Ecuador, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Libya, Nigeria, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, and Venezuela. When? It came to effect in January of 1961, statute on September 10th to 14th, 1960. Impact? OPEC has helped the areas that needed to better regulate the sales of oil in countries needing oil. European Union(EU): Formed for the purpose of achieving political and economic integration. Started as a small community in 1952. Primarily in Europe. Impact? The economic success of the EU inspired countries in other regions to make trade governments with each other.

Holocaust: Systematic killing of a race. A. Nazi Genocide. B. 11 million killed, 6 million were Jewish. C. Anti- Jewish decrees loss of jobs, education. D. Nuremberg laws; loss of basic civil liberties. E. Final Solution- killing centers in Poland to kill undesirables. Apartheid: A system of segregation of black and white people used in south Africa, it was enforced by the white government to keep different races separate - Nelson Mandela rebelled against this, as did Malcolm X and Martin Luther king, so basically it was a way of separating black and white people. It came into place in 1948 to 1994 when it was abolished.

Nationalism is a feeling of pride in and devotion to one's country or the desire of a people to control their own government. It is sometimes a divisive force and sometimes a force that unifies. In many cases, it is a source of conflict. German and Italian Unification: In the mid-1800s, both Germany and Italy experienced unification. In each case, many small states joined into one nation. India: Ideals of western democracy, as well as devotion to traditional Hindu and Muslim culture, sustained Indian nationalism through the first half of the 1900s, leading to independence by 1948.

Imperialism is the domination by one country of the political and economic life of another country or region. Imperialism has had both positive and negative effects on colonies. British in India: The British controlled India by the late 1700s. Although railroads and the British educational system benefited some Indians, local industries and Indian culture suffered, and Indians were treated as inferiors. India gained its independence in 1948. European powers in Africa: European nations carved up the continent of Africa I the late 1880s (Scramble for Africa). Africa was a continent made up mainly of colonies until after 1945, when African peoples began to demand independence. The legacy of imperialism still affects Africa today.

Diversity involves understanding and respecting oneself and others, including differences in language, gender, socioeconomic class, religion, and other human characteristics and traits. It is closely related to interdependence, the reliance upon others in mutually beneficial interactions and exchanges. Sometimes the refusal to accept diversity leads to conflict. Global Economy: In the 1900s, the world economy became more interdependent, a process that started during the age of imperialism. Today, the world's economy is truly global. Environmental Issues: The global population shares the Earth, and what occurs in one part of the world often has an impact on many other areas. Increasingly, environmental decisions are reached by many nations working together for mutual benefit.

Today's world is a web of connections and interactions. On every level, the people of the world meet, connect, interact, and sometimes collide. These interactions involve politics, economics, culture, or the environment. Global Environmental Cooperation: Nations are becoming increasingly interdependent in their decisions about environmental issues, acknowledging that various peoples share one world and finite resources. Global Migrations: the last half of the 1900s was a time of great migration, especially from Africa, Asia, and Latin America to Europe and North America. Many people migrated to improve their economic conditions.

Change means basic alterations in things, events, and ideas. Throughout global history, major changes have had significant and lasting impacts on human development. Neolithic Revolution: Some 11,000 years ago, people first developed farming methods and lived in permanent settlements. As a result, the first civilizations emerged. Industrial Revolution: This change began in Europe in the 1700s and gradually spread throughout the world. Power-driven machinery in factories became the dominant means of production. The results of this change have included urbanization, a higher standard of living, and pollution of the environment.