Thermal Energy Flashcards
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temperature
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measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in an object
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thermal energy
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the sum of the kinetic and potential energy of all the particles in an object
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heat
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thermal energy that flows from something at a higher temperature to something at a lower temperature
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specific heat
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the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1 kg of an object 1 degree celsius
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thermal energy change formula
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Q = m x temp. change x specific heat
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conduction
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the transfer of thermal energy by collisions between particles in matter
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convection
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the transfer of thermal energy in a fluid by the movement of warmer and cooler fluid from place to place
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radiation
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the transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves
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insulator
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a material in which heat flows slowly
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thermodynamics
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the study of the relationship among thermal energy, heat, and work
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first law of thermodynamics
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the increase in thermal energy of a system equals the work done on the system plus the heat transferred to the system
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second law of thermodynamics
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it is impossible for heat to flow from a cool object to a warmer object unless work is done
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heat engine
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a device that converts heat into work
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internal combustion engine
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the heat engine in a car
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intake stroke
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Fuel/air is drawn into the chamber
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compression stroke
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The fuel/air is compressed near the spark plug
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power stroke
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The spark plug ignites the fuel/air
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exhaust stroke
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Gases left over in the cylinder are removed through an exhaust valve
