Therapeutics test 1 drugs – Flashcards
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| Hydrochlorothiazide |
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| thiazide diuretic |
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| chlorthalidone |
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| thiazide diuretic |
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| Indapamide |
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| thiazide diuretic |
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| metolazone |
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| thiazide diuretic |
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| furosemide |
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| loop diuretic |
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| bumetanide |
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| loop diuretic |
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| torsemide |
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| loop diuretic |
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| ethacrynic acid |
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| loop diuretic |
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| amiloride |
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| potassium sparing diuretic |
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| triamterene |
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| potassium sparing diuretic |
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| spironolactone |
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| potassium sparing diuretic |
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| glycerol |
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| osmotic diuretic |
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| mannitol |
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| osmotic diuretic |
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| acetazolamide |
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| carbonic anhydrase inhibitor- diuretic |
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| propranolol |
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| non selective Beta blocker |
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| Timolol |
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| non selective beta blocker |
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| nadolol |
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| non selective beta blocker |
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| metoprolol |
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| selective b1 blocker |
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| atenolol |
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| selective b1 blocker |
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| bisoprolol |
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| selective b1 blocker |
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| betaxolol |
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| selective b1 blocker |
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| acebutolol |
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| selective beta1 blocker with ISA (agonistic effect for mostly b1) |
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| penbutolol |
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| non selective beta blocker with ISA |
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| pindolol |
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| non selective beta blocker with ISA (greater partial agonist for B2 than B1) |
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| carvedilol |
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| non selective beta blocker and selective a1 blocker |
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| labetalol |
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| non selective beta blocker with partial agonistic activity for B2 and selective a1 block |
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| nebivolol |
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| selective beta1 blocker with NO vasodilating effect |
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| captopril |
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| ACE- inhibitor (sulfhydryl containing) |
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| fosinopril |
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| ACE inhibitor (phosphonate-containing) |
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| Enalapril (enalaprilat), benazepril, lisinopril and quinapril |
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| ACE inhibitors (dicarboxylate containing) |
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| Losartan, Candesartan, irbesartan, valsartan, telmisartan, eprosartan |
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| Angiotensin 2 receptor blockers (ARBs) |
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| Aliskiren |
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| Renin inhibitor |
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| Verapamil |
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| non-dihydropyridine L-type calcium channel blocker |
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| Diltiazem |
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| non-dihydropyridine L-type calcium channel blocker |
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| Nifedipine |
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| Dihydropyridine L-type calcium channel blocker |
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| Amlodipine |
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| Dihydropyridine L-type calcium channel blocker |
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| felodipine |
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| Dihydropyridine L-type calcium channel blocker |
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| hydralazine |
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| Vasodilator |
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| Minoxidil |
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| Vasodilator |
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| Nitroprusside |
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| vasodilator |
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| methyldopa |
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| centrally acting a2 agonist |
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| clonidine |
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| centrally acting a2 agonist (diagnoses phenochromocytoma) |
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| guanabenz |
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| centrally acting a2 agonist |
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| guanfacine |
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| centrally acting a2 agonist |
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| guanadrel |
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| adrenergic neuron blocker |
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| guanethidine |
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| adrenergic neuron blocker |
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| metyrosine |
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| tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitor (inhibits synthesis of NE)interferes with sympathetic neuron function |
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| reserpine |
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| inhibits storage of catecholamines into vesicles interferes with sympathetic neuron function |
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| prazosin |
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| selective a1 blocker |
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| terazosin |
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| selective a1 blocker |
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| doxazosin |
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| selective a1 blocker |
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| phenoxybenzamine |
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| non selective a blocker |
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| phentolamine |
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| non selective a blocker |
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| treprostinil |
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| new anti htn agent, prostacyclin analogue |
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| tadalafil |
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| new htn agent, pde inhibitor |
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| Thiazide MOA |
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| inhibits na+/cl- pump on luminal side of DCT (short term: dec CO by dec blood volume) long term: dec sodium in SM= dec sensitivity to vasopressors= dec PVR= dec BP) |
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| Loop Diuretics MOA |
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| inhibit Na+/Cl-/K+ cotrans on apical side of TAL. (dec BV= dec preload= dec. SV= dec CO= dec BP). also stimulates renin release by blocking TGF by blocking sodium from entering macula densa |
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| Potassium sparing diuretics (spironolactone) MOA |
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| blocks the binding of aldosterone in the collecting duct which decreases sodium and increases K+ and H+ |
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| K+ sparing diuretics (amiloride and triamterene) |
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| blocks na+ channel on apical side of late DCT |
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| Osmotic diuretics MOA |
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| increases osmotic pressure of plasma, (mannitol not reabs), reduces conc. grad of sodium which decreases reabs of sodium. |
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| Carbonic anhydrase inhib MOA |
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| inhibits reabs of sodium bicarb. acts at PCT. increases acidity of blood |
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| non-selective beta blockers MOA |
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| blocks NE effects by binding to b1 and b2 receptors (decreases contractility=dec SV= dec CO= dec BP) (dec HR= dec CO= dec BP) BLOCK RENIN RELEASE (inhib Gs in Juxt cells which dec Camp and dec renin release) at first inc PVR but in long term dec. |
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| selective b blockers MOA |
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| more affinity for B1 than B2. (block NE action, dec CAMP= dec ca levels= dec contractility= dec CO= dec HR) DECREASE HR and CONTRACTILITY. BLOCK RENIN RELEASE |
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| Beta blockers w/ ISA MOA |
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| less likely to cause lowered HR and cold extremeties. Decreases CO but doesn't lower contractility or HR as much b/c ISA calms those effects |
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| combined a and b blockers MOA |
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| blocking a 1 receptor= vasodilation dec HR and contractility (B1 block) dec PVR ( a1 block) |
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| B blocker w/ NO vasodilating MOA |
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| causes release of NO by binding to B 3 recep on vasculature |
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| ACE inhib MOA |
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| inhib ACE conversion of Ang 1 to Ang 2 therefore inhibiting Angiotensin 2 action (vasoconstrictor) causing vasodilation. and blocks aldosterone (dec BP) Dec arteriole and venous pressure, dec sodium inc. in potassium and dec cardiac afterload= inc CO (compensatory) |
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| ARB MOA |
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| block angiotensin 2 AT1 receptors - relax SM= vasodilation= inc H2o and sodium excretion= dec in BV |
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| REnin inhib |
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| block angiotension conversion to ang 1 |
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| non-dihydropyridine cach block MOA |
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| blocks ca channels in heart and vasculature (sM) |
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| dihydropyridine MOA |
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| block ca channels in BV causing vasodilation on arteriol side dec hr and contractility |
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| Hydralazine MOA |
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| relaxes arteriolar SM (dec SVR= dec BP) |
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| Minoxidil MOA |
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| PRODRUG activates Katpase channel so lets K+ out of cell to relax |
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| nitroprusside MOA |
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| releases NO which vasodilates (inc cgmp dec SVR dec BP |
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| Centrally acting alpha 2 agonists MOA |
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| bind to a 2 receptor which increase PNS outflow and inc vagal outflow which dec. arteriole and venous tone |
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| adrenergic neuron blocker MOA |
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| drug taken up into neuron by uptake 1 (at postganglionic presynaptic nerve terminal) and replaces NE in vessicles and lets it be eaten up by MAO |
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| metyrosine MOA |
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| block production of NE by stoping tyrosine hydroxylase dec NE dec BP |
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| reserpine MOA |
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| block packagine of NE, DA and seritonin into secretory vesicles and lets it leak into cytosol and be eaten by MAO |
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| selective alpha 1 blockers MOA |
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| block alpha 1 postsynaptically which inhibits vasoconstriction lowering BP. reduce arteriole tone/resistance and dilates venous side (dec CO) |
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| non-selective alpha blockers |
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| a1 in postsyn cell membrane and a2 in presyn nerve terminal. dec PVR and dec BP. venodilators!!! |
