Theories of Personality Ch. 11 – Flashcards
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Kelly attempted to describe all aspects of personality, including its emotional components, strictly in terms of ____.
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a. cognitive processes
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In developing his theory, which of the following methods did Kelly rely on?
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NOT psychoanalysis NOT behaviorism NOT trait theory
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According to Kelly, the only way to understand the human personality is to understand:
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c. how people interpret events and organize their social relationships in a system
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According to Kelly, individuals use personal constructs to:
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c. predict and control the events in their lives
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Which of the following statements is true about Kelly's life?
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c. Paucity of funds made Kelly change his specialization from physiological psychology to clinical psychology
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Kelly's initial clients were:
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b. students who were referred by their teachers for counseling
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If Kelly had worked with schizophrenics in a mental institution during his formative professional years, _____.
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d. his theory might not have depended so heavily on cognitive information-processing abilities
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A person formulates hypotheses about the environment and tests them against:
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c. the reality of daily life
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Which of the following statements best describes a construct?
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d. it is an intellectual hypotheses to explain or interpret life events
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Once formed, constructs tend to:
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d. guide our behavior
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Which of the following is a reason for an individual to test his or her construct against reality?
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b. to confirm his or her construct
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Which of the following is a feature of constructs?
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- they can be revised - they cannot be replaced
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According to Kelly, the freedom to revise one's constructs is called:
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c. constructive alternativism
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Personal constructs are oriented toward the:
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b. anticipation of future events
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Kelly's theory is based on the idea that ____.
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d. themes from the past will reappear in the future
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According to the individuality corollary, ______.
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a. different people perceive the same event in different ways
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According to Kelly's construction corollary, _______.
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b. people can predict how they will experience a repeated event in the future
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The main characteristic of the organization corollary is that:
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c. constructs can include one or more subordinate constructs
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The only valid test for a construct system is its:
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c. predictive efficiency
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The dichotomy corollary states that:
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b. an individual must also account for dissimilarities among people or events
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In a dichotomized construct, the alternative that people select is determined by:
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c. how well it predicts the outcome o future events
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According to the choice corollary, the high-risk, high-reward adventurous option has a:
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d. lower predictive efficiency
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In a dichotomized construct, when people select the high-risk, high-reward alternative, they are:
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a. extending their construct system
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Which of the following best explains why people persist in behaving in an unrewarding way?
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a. most people opt for the secure, low-risk alternative
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According to Kelly's personal construct theory, which of the following is true of the choice corollary?
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b. people frequently choose alternatives that enable them to anticipate future events with the highest degree of certainty
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A construct's range of convenience is:
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a. its relevance to particular situations or people
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The only way a construct system can remain rigid is if a person:
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c. encounters no new experiences
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The idea that a new construct and an old one may be consistent in one situation and inconsistent in another situation is the:
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b. fragmentation corollary
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If people construe an experience homogenously, then their cognitive processes will be:
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a. similar
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The ______ corollary says that people need to fit themselves in the constructs of the persons with whom they want to have positive relationships.
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c. sociality
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Kelly viewed human nature as:
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b. rational and capable of choice
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All of the following are important aspects of Kelly's image of human nature except:
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c. pessimism
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Kelly stated that a therapist should:
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b. respect what a client says even if he or she does not believe it
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The Role Construct Repertory (REP) Test is used to:
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d. uncover the constructs people apply to the important people in their lives
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Which of the following is a goal of the fixed role therapy promoted by George Kelly?
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b. a client should discover that the new constructs work better in anticipating events than the old constructs by which the client was living
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According to research on Kelly's theory, which of the following is true of friendships among college students?
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c. people befriend those whose constructs are already similar to theirs
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In the context of the real-world application of Kelly's theory, the Role Construct Repertory (REP) Test:
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b. has been used in market research
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People high in cognitive complexity:
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d. can easily place a person in many categories
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In the context of cognitive complexity and cognitive simplicity, which of the following statements is true of couples?
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b. partners tend to construe their worlds in a similar manner
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Currently, Kelly's personal construct theory:
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d. enjoys a broad base of support in Europe and Canada
