question

Beginning at around ___ months, children may greet strangers by crying and reaching for their familiar caregivers.

answer

8

question

Luca's parents set firm rules but are responsive to the needs of Luca. They give him a chance to explain himself and also explain their position on why they cannot allow him to stay out past midnight, etc. Luca's parents have this type of parenting style.

answer

authoratative

question

Deficient social interaction and an impaired understanding of another person's state of mind are most characteristic of:

answer

autism spectrum disorder

question

After Nadia learned that penguins cannot fly, she had to modify her existing concept of birds. This best illustrates the process of:

answer

accommodation

question

This famous experiment by ____________ involved rearing monkeys with two artificial mothers.

answer

Harlow

question

5-year-old Otto complained to his mom that the pizza was not big enough. Otto's mom cut the pizza into smaller slices, thus making Otto happy as he believed the pizza had become larger. Otto lacks the concept of:

answer

conservation

question

The importance of schemas was most clearly highlighted by:

answer

Piaget's cognitive development theory.

question

More than a dozen national surveys in Europe and the United States indicate that about ________ percent of men are gay and about ________ percent of women are lesbian.

answer

3; 1 or 2

question

Research on the environmental conditions that influence sexual orientation indicates that

answer

the reported background of homosexuals and heterosexuals are similar

question

Men do not experience anything equivalent to ___________; that is, they do not experience a cessation in fertility or a sharp drop in hormones.

answer

menopause

question

The elderly are more susceptible to _____________ than when they were younger.

answer

cancer

question

Interpreting new sensory information within the framework of a past memory illustrates:

answer

top-down processing

question

Information processing is guided by higher-level mental processes such as when we construct perceptions drawing on our experience and expectations. This process is called:

answer

top-down processing

question

The fact that perceptions involve more than the sum of our sensations best illustrates the importance of:

answer

top-down processing

question

The retina's central focal point is the ______________, which contains only cones, no rods.

answer

fovea

question

The ____________ is the point at which the optic nerve leaves the eye.

answer

blind spot

question

According to the _________________, the retina has three types of color receptors. Each of these types is sensitive to one of three colors: red, green, or blue.

answer

Young and Helmholtz's trichromatic theory

question

_____ are retinal receptors that detect black, white, and gray, whereas _____ detect fine detail and give rise to color sensations.

answer

rods; cones

question

The adjustable opening in the center of the eye through which light enters is called the:

answer

pupil

question

____________ is the result of the transduction of air pressure waves into neural messages that are interpreted by the brain.

answer

hearing

question

Hermann von Helmholtz's said that we hear different pitches because different sound waves trigger activity at different places along the cochlea's basilar membrane. His theory is called:

answer

place theory

question

The hammer, anvil, and stirrup are the three tiny bones that make up the:

answer

middle

question

After holding a warm drink rather than a cold one, people are more likely to rate someone more warmly, feel closer to them, and behave more generously. This shows that:

answer

the human brain blends tactile and social judgements

question

This coiled, bony, fluid-filled tube in the inner ear through which sound waves trigger nerve impulses is called the:

answer

cochlea

question

Our tendency to organize stimuli into coherent groups is known as:

answer

grouping

question

Julio is working on a series of landscape paintings. He wants to create a realistic depiction of the English countryside. To turn the flat surface of the canvas into a three-dimensional painting, he would use techniques like:

answer

linear perspective

question

Your 8-year-old cat ran away, got into a neighbor's cellar, and was stuck there for two months. Luckily, there was enough food and water in the basement for Minnie to survive. However, it was pitch-black. When your neighbor returned from her two-month vacation, she found Minnie and returned her to you. How will this sensory deprivation affect Minnie's vision?

answer

Her vision will be unaffected by this sensory deprivation.

question

Your 7-month-old niece is just learning to crawl. Your sister has agreed to have her participate in an experiment that incorporates a visual cliff. What is most likely being studied in this experiment?

answer

depth perception

question

Relative size, interposition, relative height, and linear perspective are examples of:

answer

monocular cues

question

You are participating in a local psychology experiment wherein the research assistant asks you to hold two pencils in front of you and touch the tips together. She then asks you to do this with one eye closed. You find this terribly difficult which demonstrates the importance of ______________.

answer

binocular cues

question

Our minds bring order and form to stimuli by following certain rules for grouping. The rule identified by Gestalt psychologists when we fill in gaps to create a complete, whole object is:

answer

closure

question

Sleep spindles occur in:

answer

NREM 2

question

On some nights, Lucy treats her sleep problem with the use of over-the-counter sleep aids. On other nights, she drinks half a bottle of wine. Finally, she sees her doctor who tells her that these self-medicating treatments are a quick fix and only worsen her:

answer

insomnia

question

Parents of newborn babies often complain about being chronically tired, because their infants' crying, feeding, and diaper changes interrupt their sleep nightly. After many nights, they develop what is known as:

answer

sleep debt

question

Drivers detect traffic signals more slowly if they are also conversing on a cell phone. This best illustrates the impact of:

answer

selective attention

question

Shortly after going to bed, some people claim to have been abducted by space aliens. These people commonly recall being floated off their beds. It is most likely that they have incorporated ______________ into their memories.

answer

hypnagogic sensations

question

Chronic sleep deprivation is most likely to contribute to:

answer

suppression of the immune system

question

The relatively slow brain waves of a relaxed, awake state are called:

answer

alpha waves

question

Every night, after a late dinner, Sasha has a strong cup of coffee before working out at the gym. On her way home, she likes to stop for a double-chocolate frozen yogurt. Finally, she watches the late news and drinks two glasses of red wine, because she has heard that red wine is good for you. Based on this routine, sleep experts might predict that Sasha would be likely to:

answer

complain of insomnia

question

This sleep disorder is characterized by high arousal and an appearance of being terrified. This disorder occurs within two to three hours of falling asleep.

answer

night terrors

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