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1. All are true except that

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c. what you see online is very different from what you see in print.

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2. In the 2008 elections,

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b. the campaign was long, bitter, and expensive.

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3. People who choose to run for office can be divided into two groups:

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d. self-starters and those who are recruited.

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4. Candidates are likely get involved in politics for all of the following reasons except

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d. to hide personality faults.

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5. Naturalized citizens are constitutionally barred from running for the office of

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c. president of the United States.

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6. Holders of political office in the United States today are usually

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c. white and male.

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7. With regard to candidates for office, all of the following are true except the

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b. the number is evenly divided between men and women.

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8. In the last twenty years the number of women running for office at the federal and state level has

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a. increased significantly.

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9. One of the reasons that campaigns no longer depend on political parties is

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c. that fewer people identify with them.

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10. A striking feature of today's political campaigns is the

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d. importance of paid professionals rather than volunteers.

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11. All of following are true except that

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d. campaigns are concerned with getting the support of their party members, but not too concerned with independent voters.

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12. If a candidate is a highly visible incumbent seeking reelection,

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c. there may be little need for campaigning except to remind the voters of the officeholder's good deeds.

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13. Tracking polls are used

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a. on a daily basis to determine last-minute changes in the mood of the electorate.

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14. The rapid increase in campaign costs in modern U.S. elections may be in part attributed to

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d. increased use of television and the length of the campaigns.

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15. Reforms to the Federal Election Campaign Act in 1974 did not

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c. provide public funding for Congressional elections.

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16. All of the following are true except that

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a. to win an election, a candidate must have a majority of the votes.

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17. Facts show that

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a. there is a connection between money and elections.

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18. Most PAC contributions go to

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b. incumbents.

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19. Which is (are) true?

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d. Interest groups funnel PAC money to candidates they think can do the most good for them.

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20. Independent expenditures

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b. are unregulated funds spent by interest groups on advertising or other campaign activities.

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21. Advertising paid for by interest groups that support or oppose a candidate (or a candidate's position on an issue) without mentioning voting or elections is called

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c. issue advocacy advertising.

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22. The Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act of 2002

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a. bans soft money contributions to national parties.

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23. The organizations that came to be known as "527s"

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b. were set up by interest groups when soft money was outlawed. c. run issue ads to energize voters. e. both b and c.

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24. Which is (are) true?

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a. Candidates for the presidency go through two elections—the primaries and the general election. b. Most delegates to the national party conventions are chosen in primary elections. c. Most primaries are winner-take-all. d. In 2008, the Democrats used a proportional system in the presidential primaries resulting in a close contest between Obama and Clinton. e. All of the above are true.

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25. The difference between a closed primary and an open primary is that in a closed primary

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d. only pre-registered party members can vote.

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26. All are true of superdelegates except that

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d. they are part of the caucus that chooses candidates.

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27. When only declared party members can vote in a primary election, it is called

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a. a closed primary.

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28. When voters can vote in either party primary without disclosing their party affiliation, it is called

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b. an open primary.

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29. When the top two candidates in a primary compete in a second primary for the majority of votes, it is called

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c. a run-off primary.

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30. With regard to presidential candidates,

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a. Iowa and New Hampshire have the first caucus and primary, respectively, in voting for presidential candidates. b. many states are moving their primaries to earlier dates in order to have more input into the selection of presidential candidates. c. moving state primaries into the first months of the year is known as front-loading. d. in 2008, twenty-four states had primaries on the same day. e. all of the above.

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31. At the national convention,

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c. the presidential candidate is chosen by the party delegates.

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32. In presidential elections,

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a. voters elect the president directly. b. the number of electors is equal to the number of senators and representatives in the national government. c. electors have always voted for the candidate who won their state's vote. e. none of the above.

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33. The number of members each state will have in the Electoral College

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d. is determined by adding the number of representatives and the number of senators a state has in Congress.

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34. The manner in which members of the Electoral College are selected within each state is currently governed by

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a. state laws and party rules.

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35. Which of the following is (are) true?

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d. The only way that our nation could cease to use the Electoral College is through the process of constitutional amendment.

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36. In the presidential elections

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a. electors meet in the state's capital in December to cast their votes for the president. b. a joint session of Congress meets in early January (after the presidential election) and the electoral votes are counted. c. one can win the majority of the popular vote and not become president. d. one can win the Electoral College vote without winning the majority of the popular vote. e. all of the above.

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37. A party-column ballot is a form of general election ballot

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c. in which the candidates are arranged in one column under their respective party.

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38. Irregularities in voting

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a. were a serious problem in Florida in the 2000 presidential election. b. were apparent in the 2006 elections when new voting machines failed. c. have caused some states to return to paper ballots. d. resulted in many states replacing outdated voting equipment with newer electronic voting systems. e. all the above.

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39. All of the following statements about low voter turnout are true except that

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b. it is much more common in most other countries to have low voter turnout than in the United States.

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40. Which of the following groups tends to be overrepresented in the electorate?

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a. Wealthier people

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41. Reported voter turnout _____ as education _____.

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d. decreases, decreases

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42. Reported voter turnout _____ as age _____.

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a. increases, increases

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43. In the years following the adoption of the Constitution, many states placed legal restrictions on the right to vote because of

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a. a belief that since many government decisions affect property, so one should own property to vote.

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44. The right to vote

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a. has been expanded since the writing of the Constitution.

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45. The mass media perform all of the following functions except

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a. funding media watchdog groups.

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