test 3 bmc – Flashcards

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_______is usually caused by Staph aureus

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Conjunctivitis
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________________________ is caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae

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Ophtalmia Neonatorum
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____________________ is caused by Chlamydia trachomatis

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Inclusion Conjunctivitis
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________ is caused by Chlamydia trachomatis

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Trachoma
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__________________ is caused by Herpes simplex 1

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Herpetic Keratis
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________________________ is caused by Acanthamoeba

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Acanthamoeba Keratitis
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_______is usually caused by Staph aureus

 

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Abscess
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_______is usually caused by Staph aureus

 

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Furuncle
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_______is usually caused by Staph aureus

 

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Carbuncle
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_______is usually caused by Staph aureus

 

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Cellulitis
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_______is usually caused by Staph aureus and group A strep

 

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Impetigo
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_______is usually caused by Staph aureus

 

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Scalded skin syndrome
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_______is usually caused by Staph aureus

 

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Toxic shock syndrome
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_________is caused by group A strep
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Erysipelas
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__________Is caused by group A strep
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Acute Necrotizing fascitis
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_____________Is caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa
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Pseudomonas dermititis
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______is caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans
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Purule ulcer
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_____is caused by Propionibacterium acnes
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Acne
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Is caused by Bacillus anthracis
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Anthrax
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List 9 viral infections
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Warts

smallpox

chickenpox

shingles

herpes

Measles (Rubella)

Erythema Infectionsum

Roseala infantum

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List 3 fungal infections
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Tinea

subcutaneous mycoses

candidiases

 

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List 2 parasites infections
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Scabies

Lice

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Skin is devided into 2 layers which are?
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Epidermis

Dermis

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Bacterial infections are frequently cause by?
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Staphylococcus

and

Streptococcus

(are normal microbiota producing enzymes and toxins)

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_______Describes the ability to cause disease
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Pathogenicity
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________is the extent of pathogenicity
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Virulence
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To cause disease most pathogens must______
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Gain access to the host

adherenceto the host tissue

Penetrate or evade host tissues

damage the host

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Name 4 basic ways that organisms damage host tissues
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Use the host nutrients

Cause direct damage at site of invasion

Produce toxins that damages tissues/sites away from site of invasion

Induce hyposensibility reactions

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Substance that contributes to pathogenicity is called a?
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Toxin
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The presence of toxinsin the blood is called
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Toxemia
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A______is an antibody against a specific toxin
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antitoxin
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A ________ is an inactivated toxin used in vaccines
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Toxoid
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The central nervous system consist of?
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Brain

Spinal cord

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The peripheral nervous system consists of ?
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Cranial nerves

Spinal nerves

Ganglia

associated sensory receptors

 

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How do you called the inflammation of the meninges?
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Meningitis
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Inflammation of the brain is called?
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Encephalitis
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Inflammation of the brain and the meninges is called?
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Meningoencephalitis
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Name 5 basic laboratory tests used to diagnose meningitis?
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Gram stain and culture

Glucose

Total proteins

Cell count

 

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Bacterial Meningitis is caused by?
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Haemophilis Influenzae

Neisseria Meningitidis

Streptococcus Pneumonia

Listerae monocytogenes

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Clostridium tetani causes
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Tetanus
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Clostridium Botulinum causes?
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Botulism
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Mycobacterium leprae causes
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Leprosy
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Viral infections include?
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Poliomyelitis (polio)

Rabies

Arboviral encephalitis

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The main fungal infection is caused by ?
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Cryptococcus neoformans
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  1. The components of the cardiovascular system are __________, ___________, and ____________.

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Heart

Blood

Blood vessels

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  1. The components of the lymphatic system are ____________, ____________, _____________, and _____________.

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Lymph

Lymphatic vessels

Lymphatic tissue

Lymphatic organs

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  1. Inflammation of the endocardium, the lining of the heart, or the heart valves is called _____________.

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Endocarditis
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  1. Inflammation of the myocardium is called ___________.

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Myocarditis
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  1. Inflammation of the pericardium is called _____________.

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Pericarditis
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  1. An infection caused by microorganisms that enter the circulatory system through the lymphatic drainage is called _______________.

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Microbemia
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  1. ______________ ___________ is caused by Group A strep.

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Rheumatic Fever
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  1. ____________ is caused by Francisella tularensis.

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Tularemia
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  1. ___________ ___________ is caused by Brucella species.

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Undelant Fever
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  1. _____________ is caused by Clostridium perfringens.

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Gangrene
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  1. Yersinia pestis causes the __________ or Black Death.

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Plague
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  1. Viral infections include

    1. __________ ____________

    2. __________ _________

    3. __________

    4. _________ ________ __________

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Burkitt's lymphoma

Infectious Mononucleosis

Cytomegalovirus

Viral hemorrhagic fever

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  1. The main Protozoan infection is __________.

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malaria?
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  1. An _______ is anything that causes and antibody to be formed and can combine with this antibody.

 

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Antigen
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  1. An _________ is made in response to an antigen.

 

 

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antibody
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  1. Substances that are tolerated by our immune system are called __________.

 

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Immunogen
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Substances that stimulate the production of specific antibodies are called ______________.
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Immunogen
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  1. Pollen, dander, and food are classified as ______________.
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allergen
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  1. Proteins that are interpreted by an individual’s immune system as “self” are called _______________.

 

 

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autoantigen
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  1. An organ transplanted between identical twins is called an ____________.

 

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Isograft
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  1. A blood vessel graft is an example of an ______________.

 

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AUtograft
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MHCs are different and the chance of rejection is increased in an ___________.
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Allograft
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  1. A pig heart valve is an example of a _______________.

 

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Xenograft
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  1. Antibodies are also called _________________.

 

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immunoglobulin
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  1. The main immunoglobulin in circulation is ______.
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IgG
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  1. The largest immunoglobulin is _________.

 

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IgM
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  1. The immunoglobulin found in secretions is _____.

 

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IgA
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The immunoglobulin found on the surface of B cells is ______.
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IgD
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  1. High levels of _______ are found in allergies.
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IgE
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  1. High Ig__ and low Ig__ levels indicate a current infection.
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IgM

IgG

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  1.  When someone becomes sick with chickenpox and then recovers, the patient now has _________ _________ ________ immunity.
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Naturally acquiered active immunity
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  1. When someone is given the DPT vaccine, ________ ___________ _________ immunity occurs.
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artificial acquired active immunity
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  1. Newborns have _______ ________ _______ immunity because of maternal antibodies.
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natural acquired passive immunity
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  1. When someone receives an immunoglobulin injection, ________ ________ _________ immunity occurs.
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artificially acquired passive
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  1. ______ _______ is present at birth.
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Innate immunity
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  1. _______ ________begins when the first and second line of defense is inadequate.
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Specific immunity/Adaptive immunity
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  1. The ______ _______ lines the respiratory tract and traps inhaled dust and microorganisms and propels them out of the respiratory tract.
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Ciliatory escalador
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  1. The third line of defense consists of ______ and ________.
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B cells

T cells

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  1. ____________ is responsible for the first and second line of defense.

 

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Innate immunity
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  1. ___________ is responsible for the third line of defense.

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Adaptive immunity
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  1. Skin,mucous membranes, and normal microbiota comprise the first line of defense.

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Skin

Mucous Membranes

NOrmal microbiota

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  1. _________ ____________ __________ _______ comprise the second line of defense.

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Phagocytes

Inflammation

Fever

antimicrobial substances

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  1. The most common chemical factor in the immune response is ____

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PH
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The phases of phagocytosis are ?

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chemostasis,

 adherence,

 ingestion,

 digestion.

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Irritation in WBC
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Leukocytosis
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Low level of WBC
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Leukopenia
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Portal of exit?
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GU

GI

Blood

Skin

Respiratory tract

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