question

Which of the following is an application of perception research?

answer

-Developing speech recognition systems. -Devising robots that can \"see.\" -Treating hearing problems.

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The study of perception can overlap with:

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-philosophy. -computer science. -medicine.

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Which of the following best describes the steps of the perceptual process?

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The sequence of steps is dynamic and constantly changing.

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Kimmy is casting shadows on the wall and watching whether her cat Tiger jumps at the shadows or not. She uses different hand motions to see if there is a difference in whether Tiger jumps or not. Kimmy is informally studying which relationship?

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the stimulus-perception relationship

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Trying to read a note written by someone with poor handwriting involves:

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both top-down and bottom-up processing.

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Which of the following methods are used to measure the quantitative relationship between the stimulus and perception?

answer

classical psychophysical methods

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The difference between the method of limits and the method of adjustment is that, in the method of adjustment, stimulus intensity is changed in a ________ manner.

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continuous

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Our perception of the environment depends on:

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both the properties of the environmental objects and properties of the electrical signals in the nervous system.

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_______ authored the first major book on the study of the brain.

answer

Willis

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The flow of ions that create the action potential are caused by the changes in the ________ of the nerve fiber,

answer

permeability

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The ________ analogy is used to describe the relationship of neurotransmitters with receptor sites.

answer

\"lock and key\"

question

In a neural circuit with convergence that only involves excitatory synapses, the firing rate of the postsynaptic neuron ________ as the number of receptors stimulated increases.

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increases

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A neuron with an excitatory center-inhibitory surround receptive field will respond most when we stimulate:

answer

only the center.

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Jan tries to focus on the tip of her pencil as she brings it closer to her. She feels the strain on her eye as she does this. What she is feeling in her eye is due to the process called:

answer

accommodation

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Vera has hyperopia, and tends to get headaches when she reads. This is because:

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Vera is 80-years-old, and also has presbyopia.

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Nina does a demonstration of \"seeing\" the blind spot, in which a grid pattern surrounds the black dot that disappears when it falls on the blind spot. What does Nina most likely see in the area where the dot disappears?

answer

a continuation of the grid pattern

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The Purkinje shift:

answer

is when reds appear brighter than blues in well-lit conditions, but blues appear brighter than reds in dim conditions.

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In Hermann's grid, gray areas appear at the intersections because:

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the amount of inhibition right at the intersections is twice as great as the inhibition between each square.

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You can create a version of the ________ by illuminating a light-colored surface with a desk lamp and casting a shadow with a piece of paper.

answer

Mach bands

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Chad is reading when he sees an insect land on the corner of his book. He then makes an eye movement to look at the insect. The structure of the visual system that is most likely responsible for making this eye movement is:

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the superior colliculus.

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The flow of information in the LGN is best described as:

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bi-directional, with signals coming from the retina and the cortex to the LGN

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When you stare at a grating of wide bars for 55 seconds, then look at a grating with narrow bars, the narrow bars will:

answer

seem to be thinner than they actually are.

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When a kitten is exposed to an environment of just horizontal lines, the kitten:

answer

would have cortical cells that respond to horizontal lines, but none to vertical lines.

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The arrangement of ocular dominance columns in the cortex is the

answer

alternating between left eye and right eye.

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Object discrimination problem: ________. Landmark discrimination problem :________

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temporal lobes; parietal lobes

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An area in the ________ called the ________ is specialized to recognize faces

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temporal lobe; FFA

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After training participants on the recognition of \"Greeble\" stimuli, Gauthier et al. found that the neuron in the FFA responded:

answer

as well to Greebles as to human faces.

question

The ________ problem shows that numerous physical stimuli can create exactly the same image on the retina

answer

inverse projection

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The Bev Doolittle print of \"The Forest Has Eyes\" exemplifies the Gestalt law of:

answer

meaningfulness.

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Corey looks at a flock of seagulls flying in one direction, when suddenly five of the seagulls start flying in another direction. He now perceives two groups of birds, because of the Gestalt law of:

answer

common fate.

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Jada looks at a picture of a horse that was taken from directly above the horse, and has difficulty recognizing the horse. According to Biederman's RBC theory, this difficulty would be explained by:

answer

the accidental viewpoint.

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The ________ effect is that humans perceive horizontals and verticals more easily than other orientations.

answer

oblique

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Jimmy looks at a picture of a side of a submarine that has dents and bumps on it. When he turns the picture upside-down, what he originally perceived as bumps, now look like dents, and vice versa. This is due to the:

answer

the \"light-from-above\" heuristic.

question

Grill-Spector et al.'s (2004) \"Harrison Ford\" study showed that object recognition is associated with ________, and detection is associated with ________.

answer

a large response from the FFA; a smaller response from the FFA

question

Kamitani and Tong's \"orientation decoder\" was able to correctly predict what orientation a person was looking at on ________ of the trials.

answer

100%

question

Vaco is playing basketball, and does a \"no-look\" pass to a teammate. This demonstrates the idea that attention:

answer

can occur without directly looking at the object.

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Parkhurst et al. (2002) showed that observers make initial fixations in a visual scene based on:

answer

stimulus saliency.

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In Reddy et al.'s (2007) \"dual-task condition\", which task was accurately done 90% of the time?

answer

Identifying the gender of a face.

question

Simons and Chabris showed a video of students passing a basketball, and asked participants to count how many passes made. In the video, a person in a gorilla suit walked through the basketball players for 5 seconds. Approximately how many of the participants reported seeing the \"gorilla\"?

answer

46

question

The spreading enhancement effect of attention can help us perceive:

answer

occluded objects.

question

According to Treisman, focused attention binds the information from the ________ and the ________.

answer

what stream; where stream

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The synchrony hypothesis

answer

is a physiological explanation to the binding problem.

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A monkey with good color vision:

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would have a better chance of surviving than a color-blind monkey.

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The reflectance curve for a purple piece of paper would:

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reflect long and short wavelengths.

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The major theories of color vision were first proposed:

answer

in the 1800s, based on behavioral evidence only.

question

The trichromatic theory of color vision states that color perception is due to:

answer

the pattern of activity in three different receptors.

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A unilateral dichromat:

answer

has trichromatic vision in one eye and dichromatic vision in the other eye.

question

Dr. Lanzilotti wants to create a stimulus that will produce an afterimage of a red heart shape against a white background. He should make the heart ________ and the background ________.

answer

green; black

question

Patient M.S., who had cerebral achromatopsia, could

answer

process some wavelength information in the undamaged areas of his brain, but could not perceive these differences as color.

question

Researcher Dorthea Jameson is quoted in the text as saying \"A blue bird would not be mistaken for a goldfinch if it were brought indoors.\" This supports the concept of:

answer

color constancy.

question

If you look at a folded index card though a pinhole, you see the border as a(n) ________ because the card looks ________.

answer

reflectance edge; flat

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