Test Answers on Technology in Action Chapter 10 – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
JAD (Joint Application Development)
answer
is a methodology that involves the client or end user in the design and development of an application, through a succession of collaborative workshops called JAD sessions.
question
Scope Creep
answer
an ever-changing set of requests from clients for additional features as they wait longer to see a working prototype
question
Data-flow diagrams
answer
trace all data in an information system from the point at which data enters the system to its final resting place (storage or output)
question
System
answer
is a collection of pieces working together to achieve a common goal
question
Information system
answer
includes data, people, procedures, hardware, and software that help in planning and decision making
question
System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) six steps
answer
1) Problem/Opportunity Identification 2) Analysis 3) Design 4) Development 5) Testing & Installation 6) Maintenance & Evaluation
question
Program specification
answer
is a clear statement of the goals and objectives of the project
question
Flow Charts
answer
are visual diagrams of a process including the decisions that need to be made along the way
question
Active Server Pages (ASP)
answer
Programming language used to build websites with interactive capabilities; adapts an HTML page to the user's selections.
question
AJAX (Asynchronous JavaScript and XML)
answer
A collection of technologies that allow the creation of web applications that can update information on a page without requiring the user to refresh or leave the page.
question
algorithm
answer
A set of specific, sequential steps that describe exactly what the computer program must do to complete the required work.
question
architecture neutral
answer
A feature of Java whereby code needs to be compiled only once, after which the code can be run on many different CPUs.
question
assembly language
answer
See second-generation language (2GL).
question
base class
answer
In object-oriented analysis, the original class.
question
beta version
answer
A version of the software that's still under development. Many beta versions are available for a limited trial period and are used to help the developers correct any errors before they launch the software on the market.
question
binary decision
answer
A type of decision point in an algorithm that can be answered in one of only two ways: yes (true) or no (false).
question
C
answer
A programming language originally developed for system programmers.
question
C#
answer
A Microsoft programming language developed to compete with Java.
question
C++
answer
A programming language; takes C to an object-oriented level.
question
class
answer
A category of input identified in object-oriented analysis; classes are defined by information and actions.
question
code editing
answer
The step of programming in which a programmer types the code to be executed.
question
coding
answer
Translating an algorithm into a programming language.
question
comment
answer
A note left by a programmer in the program code to explain the purpose of a section of code, to indicate the date the program was written, or to include other important information about the code so that other programmers can more easily understand and update it.
question
compilation
answer
The process by which code is converted into machine language—the language the central processing unit can understand.
question
compiler
answer
A program that understands both the syntax of the programming language and the exact structure of the central processing unit and its machine language.
question
control structure
answer
General term used for a keyword in a programming language that allows the programmer to direct the flow of the program based on a decision.
question
data
answer
Numbers, words, pictures, or sounds that represent facts, figures, or ideas; the raw input that users have at the start of a job.
question
data type (field type)
answer
(1) Describes the kind of data being stored at the memory location; each programming language has its own data types (although there is some degree of overlap). (2) In a database, indicates what type of data can be stored in a field and prevents the wrong type of data from being entered into the field.
question
data-flow diagrams
answer
Diagrams that trace all data in an information system from the point at which data enters the system to its final resting place (storage or output).
question
debugger
answer
A tool in an integrated development environment that helps programmers analyze a program as it runs.
question
debugging
answer
The process of running a program over and over to find and repair errors and to make sure the program behaves in the way it should.
question
decision point
answer
A place where a program must choose from a list of actions based on the value of a certain input.
question
derived class
answer
In object-oriented analysis, the modified class.
question
documentation
answer
Description of the technical details of the software, how the code works, and how the user interacts with the program; in addition, all the necessary user documentation that will be distributed to the program's users.
question
dynamic decision making
answer
The ability of a web page to decide how to display itself based on the choices the reader makes.
question
editor
answer
A special tool in an integrated development environment (IDE) that helps programmers as they enter code.
question
error handling
answer
The part of a problem statement where programmers describe what the program should do if the input data is invalid or just gibberish.
question
executable program
answer
The binary sequence that instructs the central processing unit to run the programmer's code.
question
eXtensible Markup Language (XML)
answer
A markup language that enables designers to define their own data-based tags, making it much easier for a website to transfer the key information on its page to another site; it defines what data is being described rather than how it's to be displayed.
question
fifth-generation language (5GL)
answer
A computer language in which a problem is presented as a series of facts or constraints instead of as a specific algorithm; the system of facts can then be queried; considered the most "natural" of languages.
question
first-generation language (1GL)
answer
The machine language of a central processing unit (CPU); the sequence of bits that the CPU understands.
question
flowchart
answer
Visual diagram of a process, including the decisions that need to be made along the way.
question
For
answer
In Visual Basic, programmers use the keyword For to implement a loop; after the keyword For, an input or output item is given a starting value, and then the statements in the body of the loop are executed.
question
fourth-generation language (4GL)
answer
A computer language type that includes database query languages and report generators.
question
general availability (GA)
answer
The point in the release cycle, where, after release to manufacturers, software is available for purchase by the public.
question
Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)
answer
A series of tags that define how elements on a website should be displayed in a browser.
question
if else
answer
In C++, a binary decision in the code where the program can follow one of two paths: If the decision is made one way, the program follows one path; if made the other way (else), the program follows another path.
question
information
answer
Data that has been organized or presented in a meaningful fashion; the result, or output that users require at the end of a job.
question
information system
answer
A system that includes data, people, procedures, hardware, and software that help in planning and decision making; a software-based solution used to gather and analyze information.
question
inheritance
answer
In object-oriented analysis, the ability of a new class to automatically pick up all the data and methods of an existing class and then extend and customize those to fit its specific needs.
question
initial value
answer
A beginning point.
question
integrated development environment (IDE)
answer
A developmental tool that helps programmers write and test their programs; one IDE can be configured to support many different languages.
question
interpreter
answer
For a programming language, translates the source code into an intermediate form, line by line; each line is then executed as it's translated.
question
Java
answer
An object-oriented programming language that has a large set of existing classes.
question
Java applet
answer
A small Java-based program.
question
JavaScript
answer
A scripting language that's often used to add interactivity to web pages; often used for creating Dynamic HTML effects.
question
JavaServer Pages (JSP)
answer
Programming language used to build websites with interactive capabilities; adapts the HTML page to the user's selections.
question
JSON
answer
Stands for Javascript Object Notation; a syntax for exchanging information between computers.
question
keyword
answer
(1) A specific word a user wishes to query (or look for) in an Internet search. (2) A specific word that has a predefined meaning in a particular programming language.
question
logical error
answer
An error in a program that produces unintended or undesired output, where the syntax is correct but some other human error has occurred.
question
loop
answer
A type of decision point in an algorithm. In a loop, a question is asked, and if the answer is yes, a set of actions is performed. Once the set of actions has finished, the question is asked again, creating a loop. If the answer to the question is no, the algorithm breaks free of the loop and moves on to the first step that follows the loop.
question
machine language
answer
See first-generation language (1GL).
question
method
answer
The process of how a program converts inputs into the correct outputs.
question
Next
answer
In Visual Basic, programmers use the keyword Next to implement a loop; when the Next command is run, the program returns to the For statement and increments the value of the input or output item by 1 and then runs a test cycle.
question
object
answer
An example of a class in object-oriented analysis.
question
Objective C
answer
The programming language most often used to program applications to run under OS X.
question
object-oriented analysis
answer
A type of analysis in which programmers first identify all the categories of inputs that are part of the problem the program is meant to solve.
question
operator
answer
A coding symbol that represents a fundamental action of the programming language.
question
PHP (Hypertext Preprocessor)
answer
Programming language used to build websites with interactive capabilities; adapts the HTML page to the user's selections.
question
portability
answer
The capability to move a completed solution easily from one type of computer to another.
question
problem statement
answer
The starting point of programming work; a clear description of what tasks the computer program must accomplish and how the program will execute those tasks and respond to unusual situations.
question
processing
answer
Manipulating or organizing data into information.
question
program development life cycle (PDLC)
answer
The process of performing a programming project, which consists of five stages: describing the problem, making a plan, coding, debugging, and testing and documentation.
question
program specification
answer
A clear statement of the goals and objectives of the project.
question
programming language
answer
A kind of "code" for the set of instructions the central processing unit knows how to perform.
question
programming
answer
The process of translating a task into a series of commands a computer will use to perform that task.
question
prototype
answer
A small model of a program built at the beginning of a large project.
question
pseudocode
answer
A text-based approach to documenting an algorithm.
question
rapid application development (RAD)
answer
An alternative program-development method; instead of developing detailed system documents before they produce the system, developers first create a prototype, then generate system documents as they use and remodel the product.
question
release to manufacturers (RTM)
answer
The point in the release cycle, where, after beta testing, a manufacturer makes changes to the software and releases it to other manufacturers, for installation on new machines, for example.
question
reusability
answer
In object-oriented analysis, the ability to reuse existing classes from one project for another project.
question
runtime error
answer
An error in a program that occurs when a programmer accidentally writes code that divides by zero, a mathematical error.
question
scope creep
answer
An ever-changing set of requests from clients for additional features as they wait longer and longer to see a working prototype.
question
scripting language
answer
A simple programming language that's limited to performing a set of specialized tasks.
question
second-generation language (2GL)
answer
A computer language that allows programmers to write programs using a set of short, English-like commands that speak directly to the central processing unit and that give the programmer direct control of hardware resources; also called assembly language.
question
service pack
answer
A software update.
question
source code
answer
The instructions programmers write in a higher-level language.
question
statement
answer
A sentence in a code.
question
Structured Query Language (SQL)
answer
A database programming language used to construct queries to extract data from relational databases; one example of a fourth-generation language.
question
Swift
answer
A new programming language introduced by Apple for developing for iOS and OS X.
question
syntax
answer
An agreed-on set of rules defining how a language must be structured.
question
syntax error
answer
A violation of the strict set of rules that define the programming language.
question
system development life cycle(SDLC)
answer
A process used to develop information systems; it consists of the following six steps: problem and opportunity identification, analysis, design, development, testing and installation, and maintenance and evaluation.
question
test condition
answer
A check to see whether the loop in an algorithm is completed.
question
testing plan
answer
The part of the problem statement that lists specific input numbers the programmers would typically expect the user to enter; the plan then lists the precise output values that a perfect program would return for those input values.
question
third-generation language (3GL)
answer
A computer language that uses symbols and commands to help programmers tell the computer what to do, making 3GL languages easier for humans to read and remember; examples of 3GL languages include BASIC, FORTRAN, COBOL, C/C++, and JAVA.
question
top-down design
answer
A systematic approach in which a problem is broken into a series of high-level tasks.
question
variable declaration
answer
Tells the operating system that the program needs to allocate storage space in RAM.
question
variable
answer
Each input and output item the program manipulates.
question
VBScript
answer
A subset of Visual Basic, used to introduce dynamic decision making into web pages.
question
Visual Basic (VB)
answer
A programming language used to build a wide range of Windows applications.
question
visual programming language
answer
Programming language that uses graphical blocks to represent control elements and variables.
question
web services
answer
Part of the Microsoft .NET Framework, programs that a website uses to make information available to other websites.
question
Which step in the program development cycle involves designing a set of steps to solve a problem?
answer
An algorithm
question
Which step in the program development cycle maps out the logic and processes?
answer
A flowchart
question
Which step in the program development cycle is the process of detecting errors in a program?
answer
Debugging
question
What is the expression of the steps of an algorithm using English-like statements that focus on logic, not syntax?
answer
Pseudocode
question
What's the first step in programming?
answer
The first step in programming is to define the problem statement.
question
Once I've defined my problem statement, can I start coding?
answer
Actually, after defining the problem statement, the next step in a programming project is for programmers to translate the programs into an algorithm.
question
What are decision points?
answer
Decision points are points at which the program must choose from different actions, based on the value of its current inputs.
question
What happens after programmers create an algorithm?
answer
After programmers create an algorithm, they select a programming language and translate the algorithm into that language.
question
After programmers finish coding, what do they do next?
answer
Once the algorithm has been coded into a programming language, the programmers have to run it through a compiler.
question
What is an IDE?
answer
An integrated development environment (IDE) is a development tool that helps programmers write, compile, and test their programs.
question
Once compilation is done, is the program finished?
answer
No, programmers still need to test the code to see whether the program behaves as it should.
question
Once debugging is done, can the created software program be released?
answer
Actually, after debugging, the last step is to test and document the program.
question
algorithm
answer
A set of specific, sequential steps that describe in natural language exactly what the computer program must do to complete its task.
question
assembly language
answer
Also known as an assembly language. Assembly languages allow programmers to write their programs using a set of short, English-like commands that speak directly to the CPU and give the programmer direct control of hardware resources.
question
base class
answer
The original class is called the base class, and the new, modified class is called the derived class,
question
behaviors
answer
In object-oriented analysis, classes are further defined by information (data) and actions (methods or behaviors) associated with the class.
question
beta version
answer
Before its final commercial release, software is often provided free or at a reduced cost in a beta version to certain test sites or to interested users. By providing users with a beta version of software, programmers can collect information about the remaining errors in the code and make a final round of revisions before officially releasing the program.
question
binary decisions
answer
One decision point that appears often in algorithms is like a "fork in the road" or a branch because it can be answered in one of only two ways: yes (true) or no (false).
question
classes
answer
In object-oriented analysis, the categories of inputs that are part of the problem the program is trying to solve are called classes.
question
code editing
answer
The step in which a programmer physically types the code into the computer.
question
coding
answer
Translating an algorithm into a programming language is the act of coding.
question
comment
answer
Programmers often insert a comment (or remark) into program code to explain the purpose of a section of code, to indicate the date they wrote the program, or to include other important information about the code so that fellow programmers can more easily understand and update it should the original programmer no longer be available.
question
compilation
answer
The process by which code is converted into machine language—the language the CPU can understand
question
compiler
answer
A program that understands both the syntax of the programming language and the exact structure of the CPU and its machine language.
question
control structures
answer
The general term used for keywords in a programming language that allow the programmer to control (redirect) the flow of the program based on a decision.
question
data
answer
In object-oriented analysis, classes are further defined by information (data) and actions (methods or behaviors) associated with the class.
question
data types
answer
Describe the kind of data that is being stored at the memory location.
question
data-flow diagrams
answer
Trace all data in an information system from the point at which data enters the system to its final resting place (storage or output).
question
debugger
answer
Most IDEs include a tool called a debugger that helps programmers dissect a program as it runs. The debugger pauses the program while it is executing and allows the programmer to examine the values of all the variables.
question
decision points
answer
Places where the program must choose from an array of different actions based on the value of its current inputs.
question
derived class
answer
The original class is called the base class, and the new, modified class is called the derived class,
question
documentation
answer
Once testing is completed, but before the product is officially released, the work of documentation is still ahead. At this point, technical writers create internal documentation for the program that describes the development and technical details, how the code works, and how the user interacts with the program
question
editor
answer
A special tool that helps programmers as they enter the code, highlighting keywords and alerting them to typos.
question
error handling
answer
The part of the problem statement where programmers must describe what the program should do if the input data is invalid or just gibberish.
question
executable program
answer
The binary sequence that instructs the CPU to run their code.
question
fifth-generation language (5GL)
answer
Fifth-generation languages are considered the most "natural" of languages. In a 5GL, a problem is presented as a series of facts or constraints instead of as a specific algorithm. The system of facts can then be queried (asked) questions.
question
first-generation language (1GL)
answer
The actual machine language of a CPU; the sequence of bits (1s and 0s) that the CPU understands.
question
flowcharts
answer
A visual representation of the patterns the algorithm comprises.
question
for
answer
In the programming language Visual Basic, programmers use the keywords For and Next to implement a loop. After the keyword For, an input or output item is given a starting value. Then the statements, or "sentences," in the body of the loop are executed. When the command Next is run, the program returns to the For statement and increments the value of the input or output item by 1.
question
fourth-generation language (4GL) Structured Query Language (SQL)
answer
is a database programming language that is an example of a fourth-generation language (4GL). Many other database query languages and report generators are also 4GLs.
question
GA (general availability)
answer
After the RTM is issued, the product is in GA (or general availability) and can be purchased by the public.
question
if else
answer
In the programming language C++, the binary decision asking, for example, whether you worked enough hours to qualify for overtime pay would use the keywords if else. At this point in the code, the program can follow one of two paths: If you indicated through your input that you worked fewer than or equal to eight hours, it takes one path; if not (else), it follows another.
question
information system
answer
Includes data, people, procedures, hardware, and software.
question
inheritance
answer
Means that a new class can automatically pick up all of the data and methods of an existing class, and then extend and customize those to fit its own specific needs.
question
initial value
answer
There are three important features to look for in a loop; this is the first - a beginning point.
question
integrated development environment (IDE)
answer
A developmental tool that helps programmers write, compile, and test their programs.
question
interpreter
answer
Translates the source code into an intermediate form, line by line.
question
keywords
answer
A set of words that have predefined meanings for a particular language.
question
logical errors
answer
The compiler only can make sure that the specific rules of the language are followed, that all of the keywords are spelled correctly, and that the operators being used are meaningful to that language. These logical errors in the problem are caught only when the program executes.
question
loop
answer
A second decision point that often appears in algorithms is a repeating loop. In a loop, a question is asked, and if the answer is yes, a set of actions is performed.
question
machine language
answer
The actual machine language of a CPU, the sequence of bits (1s and 0s) that the CPU understands.
question
methods
answer
In object-oriented analysis, classes are further defined by information (data) and actions (methods or behaviors) associated with the class.
question
next
answer
In the programming language Visual Basic, programmers use the keywords For and Next to implement a loop. After the keyword For, an input or output item is given a starting value. Then the statements, or "sentences," in the body of the loop are executed. When the command Next is run, the program returns to the For statement and increments the value of the input or output item by 1.
question
object
answer
Programmers may need to create several different examples of a class. Each of these examples is an object.
question
object-oriented analysis
answer
Programmers first identify all of the categories of inputs that are part of the problem the program is trying to solve.
question
operators
answer
The coding symbols that represent the fundamental actions of the language.
question
problem statement
answer
The starting point of programming work.
question
program development life cycle (PDLC)
answer
The process each programming project follows through several stages from conception to final deployment.
question
programming
answer
Process of translating a task into a series of commands a computer will use to perform that task.
question
programming language
answer
Programming languages are (somewhat!) readable by humans but then are translated into patterns of 1s and 0s to be understood by the CPU.
question
pseudocode
answer
A text-based approach to documenting an algorithm.
question
remark
answer
Programmers often insert a comment (or remark) into program code to explain the purpose of a section of code, to indicate the date they wrote the program, or to include other important information about the code so that fellow programmers can more easily understand and update it should the original programmer no longer be available.
question
reusability
answer
Object-oriented analysis forces programmers to think in general terms about their problem, which tends to lead to more general and reusable solutions. An important aspect of object-oriented design is that it leads to reusability.
question
RTM (release to manufacturer)
answer
The manufacturer will make changes before releasing the product to other manufacturers, for installation on new machines for example. That point in the release cycle is called RTM (or release to manufacturers).
question
runtime error
answer
Another kind of error caught when the program executes is a runtime error. That kind of forbidden operation generates a runtime error message.
question
second-generation language (2GL)
answer
Also known as an assembly language. Assembly languages allow programmers to write their programs using a set of short, English-like commands that speak directly to the CPU and give the programmer direct control of hardware resources.
question
service packs
answer
Users often uncover problems in a program even after its commercial release to the public. These problems are addressed with the publication of software updates or service packs. Users can download these software modules to repair errors identified in the program code.
question
set of actions
answer
There are three important features to look for in a loop: the second is a set of actions that will be performed.
question
software updates
answer
Users often uncover problems in a program even after its commercial release to the public. These problems are addressed with the publication of software updates or service packs. Users can download these software modules to repair errors identified in the program code.
question
source code
answer
Comprises the instructions programmers have written in the higher-level language, and translate the source code directly into machine language—the binary patterns that will execute commands on the CPU.
question
statements
answer
All programming languages have a formal syntax that programmers must follow when creating code statements, which are sentences in a code.
question
Structured Query Language (SQL) Structured Query Language (SQL)
answer
is a database programming language that is an example of a fourth-generation language (4GL). Many other database query languages and report generators are also 4GLs.
question
syntax
answer
An agreed-upon set of rules defining how a language must be structured.
question
syntax error
answer
Violation of the strict, precise set of rules that define the language.
question
system development life cycle (SDLC)
answer
An organized process (set of steps) to ensure that development proceeds in an orderly fashion.
question
test condition
answer
There are three important features to look for in a loop; this is the third -- a check to see whether the loop is completed.
question
testing plan
answer
The part of a problem statement that lists specific input numbers the program would typically expect the user to enter.
question
third-generation language (3GL)
answer
Uses symbols and commands to help programmers tell the computer what to do. This makes 3GL languages easier for humans to read and remember.
question
top-down design
answer
A systematic approach in which a problem is broken into a series of high-level tasks.
question
variable
answer
Each input and each output item that the program manipulates, also known as a variable, needs to be announced early in the program so that memory space can be set aside.
question
variable declaration
answer
Tells the operating system that the program needs to allocate storage space in RAM.
question
Before the decide which programming language to use or start writing code, programmers first develop a complete description of the task the program needs to accomplish, called the ____
answer
problem statement
question
Which is NOT one of the three features in a loop?
answer
Binary decision
question
In ____ generation languages, problems are presented as a series of facts or constraints instead of as a specific algorithm
answer
Fifth
question
A(n) ____ is a set of specific, sequential steps that describe in natural language exactly what the computer must do to complete its task.
answer
algorithm
question
______ is a text-based approach to documenting an algorithm.
answer
Pseudocode
question
A ____ is a visual representation of a process, including the decisions that need to be made along the way.
answer
flowchart
question
The S in SQL stands for ____ Query Language.
answer
Structured
question
The final step in the PDLC is ______
answer
testing and documentation
question
A(n) _____ is a set of specific, sequential steps that describe in natural language exactly what a computer program must do to complete its task
answer
algorithm
question
The process of finding and correcting errors is called ____
answer
debugging
question
PDLC stands for ______
answer
Program development life cycle
question
A(n) ______ decision point is answered in one of two ways: yes (true) or no (false)
answer
Binary
question
The Binary sequence that instructs the CPU to run the code is called a(n) _____
answer
executable program
question
A(n) ______ is a development tool that helps programmers write, compile, and test their programs.
answer
IDE
question
_______ are points at which a program must choose from a range of different actions based on the value of its current inputs.
answer
decision points
question
VBA stands for __________.
answer
Visual Basic for Applications
question
Before you can work with macros in Word or Excel, the __________ tab must be available.
answer
Developer
question
The easiest way to automate a task in Word is to __________.
answer
perform the task while recording a macro
question
How can you tell that a macro is no longer recording?
answer
By the red light in the status bar.
question
A macro name can contain any of the following characters EXCEPT __________.
answer
spaces
question
Which of the following statements about macros is FALSE?
answer
They can perform a maximum of five steps.
question
After creating a macro, you can use it by selecting the macro name and then clicking __________.
answer
the Run button in the Macros dialog box
question
In VBA, a macro is called a __________.
answer
procedure
question
A macro is __________.
answer
a small computer program
question
Which of the following statements about macros is FALSE?
answer
Macros can only be used one time.
question
The Processing language was developed to make programming more accessible to ______.
answer
creative and artistic people
question
Processing is available to download from the processing.org website for _______.
answer
a donation
question
The Processing IDE provides the ability to do all of the following EXCEPT ________.
answer
publish
question
What does IDE stand for?
answer
Integrated Development Environment
question
On what is Processing based?
answer
java
question
With very few commands in Processing, you can create intricate pieces of art that may include all of the following EXCEPT:
answer
holograms
question
Processing is an open source platform developed by ________ to make programming available to artists.
answer
MIT
question
What do you call the output of a Processing Language Project?
answer
Sketch
question
An interaction in Processing is the result of an action between the computer and the ______.
answer
program
question
In the Sound Byte, we examined a program called Tickle where the programmer used the draw() routine to ______.
answer
find the mouse position and move the text "tickle" by a random amount
question
Makers are people who want to build ______.
answer
their own solutions to problems
question
__________ is a microcontroller popular in the Maker Movement.
answer
Arduino
question
A microcontroller is a type of CPU that has ______ functionality.
answer
limited
question
You can combine Arduino with _______ and motors so that when the microcontroller receives input, it makes something happen with the motors.
answer
sensors
question
The add-on boards which connect to you Arduino and give it additional functionality such as a touch screen are ______.
answer
shields
question
Arduino was developed by ___________.
answer
Massimo Banzi
question
Which of the following statements is TRUE?
answer
Arduino boards are inexpensive.
question
To program your Arduino, you'll use an Arduino IDE and upload the code to your Arduino via ________.
answer
USB
question
The _____ is a great Arduino for first-time Makers.
answer
Uno
question
Arduino programs generally run in a(n) ________, looking for input pins and making decisions to send through the output pins based on the input received..
answer
loop
