Study Guide for Industrial Revolution Test – Flashcards

Unlock all answers in this set

Unlock answers
question
What was the Industrial Revolution:
answer
an increase in machine-made goods beginning in England during the 1700s
question
Which of the following was a result of the agricultural revolution?
answer
Many small farmers became tenant farmers or moved to cities, enclosures became landmarks of wealthy landowners, landowners experimented with new agricultural methods.
question
What were the three factors of production required for industrialization?
answer
land, labor, capital
question
What was the main cause of the process of urbanization that occurred in 19th-century Britain and elsewhere in Western Europe
answer
industrialization
question
How did landowners and aristocrats view wealthy members of the middle class?
answer
looked down upon
question
What did Britain do to keep industrial secrets from the United States?
answer
forbade engineers, mechanics, and toolmakers from leaving the country
question
What was the benefit of being a stockholder in a corporation?
answer
not personally responsible for its debts
question
What is the laissez-faire policy?
answer
a policy that let owners of industry set working conditions without government interference
question
What is the name for the voluntary associations of workers seeking labor reforms?
answer
unions
question
Which of the following is an example of a reform movement?
answer
Abolition of slavery, women's rights, public education
question
How did the Agricultural Revolution lead to the Industrial Revolution?
answer
It led to population growth, increased food supplies, and caused farmers to lose land and seek other work.
question
How did Britain's economy affect the process of industrialization?
answer
positively, by Britain's highly developed banking system, availability of loans, and climate of progress
question
What was the impact of the steam engine on the production of British goods?
answer
It launched the railway age, which brought transportation to a new level.
question
How did the Industrial Revolution affect cities?
answer
It made the population grow faster than the housing supply.
question
Which of the following factors most contributed to the shorter life span of those living in cities as opposed to those in the country?
answer
illness caused by unhealthy living conditions
question
In what way did the new middle class change British society?
answer
Some members of the middle class achieved top positions in society.
question
Which of the following was a key idea in the free-market system?
answer
refuse to interfere in any economic matters
question
Which factor played a major role in the industrialization of the United States?
answer
railroad expansion
question
Which of the following was NOT a legislative reform in the 1800s?
answer
The U.S. Supreme Court created social security for retired workers.
question
What did William Wilberforce fight for in the 1800s?
answer
to abolish slavery and the slave trade
question
How might small farmers of the agricultural revolution be compared to the working class of the Industrial Revolution?
answer
Both endured long working hours, suffered job losses due to progress, lived in climates of social restructuring.
question
What impact did technological advances have on industry?
answer
Production of goods was increased.
question
What was a benefit of the railroad in Britain?
answer
It offered cheap transportation for materials and goods.
question
Which of the following was NOT a positive aspect of industrialization?
answer
cleaner cities
question
How did the War of 1812 pave the way for the United States to industrialize?
answer
The British blockade forced it to develop its own industries.
question
How did the Napoleonic wars and French Revolution impact the industrialization of Continental Europe?
answer
Trade was halted in many parts of Europe. Communications between countries were interrupted. Inflation was on the rise in some areas of Europe, disrupting the economy.
question
What was a worldwide impact of industrialization?
answer
It was the driving force behind imperialism.
question
How did the philosophy of laissez-faire influence early industrialists?
answer
with ideas of a free market governed by natural laws, not government rules
question
What were the long-term effects of Marx and Engels's The Communist Manifesto?
answer
In the 1900s, Marxism inspired revolutionaries such as Russia's Lenin.
question
In the 1700s, the process of enclosure tended to increase what?
answer
farming efficiency.
question
The crop rotation system that developed in Britain during the agricultural revolution increased crop yields:
answer
by increasing nutrients in the soil.
question
All of the following were results of the agricultural revolution in Britain EXCEPT that:
answer
the number of farmers increased.
question
The first area to undergo major industrialization was:
answer
textile production.
question
By the late 1700s, the best place to find a water frame and a spinning mule was in:
answer
a factory.
question
An entrepreneur is a type of:
answer
business person.
question
Which of the following did NOT improve as an early result of the Industrial Revolution?
answer
factory working conditions
question
Which of the following did NOT increase as an early result of the Industrial Revolution?
answer
the life expectancy of the average worker
question
Which of the following did NOT improve as a result of the Industrial Revolution?
answer
preservation of the environment
question
The free-market system of capitalism was defended in the book The Wealth of Nations by:
answer
Adam Smith.
question
Utilitarianism held that government policies should promote:
answer
the greatest good for the greatest number of people.
question
Nineteenth-century socialists argued that government should:
answer
actively plan the economy.
question
Karl Marx is most closely associated with:
answer
communism.
Get an explanation on any task
Get unstuck with the help of our AI assistant in seconds
New