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Accuracy

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How well the results of an experiment agree with the accepted value.

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Adaptive Technology

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This is any object or system that is specifically designed for the purpose of increasing or maintaining the capabilities of people. This technology belongs to the broader assistive-technology category.

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Analysis

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This is a process of interpreting experimental results.

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Analytical balance

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Equipment which digitally measures the mass of an object.

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Analyze

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This is to observe carefully and in detail so as to identify causes, key factors, or possible results.

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Anemometer

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This is a tool used to measure wind speed in miles per hour.

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Assistive Technology

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This is any object or system that increases or maintains the capabilities of people with or without disabilities.

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Average

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This is the sum of each number in a set added together and then divided by the total number in the set.

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Bar graph

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This is a graphical means of quantitative comparison by rectangles with lengths proportional to the measure of the data or things compared.

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Barometer

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Equipment used to measure atmospheric pressure

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Beaker

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This is a container used for mixing or heating of chemical solution.

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Bias

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This is an unwanted influence on a sample.

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Calculation

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This is determining the value or amount of something by mathematical or logical methods.

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Cause

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The condition or set of conditions which bring about an effect.

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Collaboration

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This refers to two or more people working together towards a common goal or researching a common topic.

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Computer model

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This is a computer program, or network of computers, that attempts to simulate an abstract model of a particular system.

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Conclusion

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This is an answer deduced from the analysis of data.

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Control group

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This is an experimental group, used as a baseline comparison, that receives all the control variables, but does not receive the independent variable treatment.

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Control variable

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This is a condition which remains constant, or unchanged, in an experiment.

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Data collection

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This is the act of writing down the required information you get from a laboratory experiment.

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Data set

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This is a compilation of information, usually quantitative, that represents measures of a variable or set of variables.

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Data table

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This is the correct method of recording numerical information from an experiment.

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Database

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This is an organized collection of data that has one or many uses.

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Dependent variable

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This is the observed variable in an experiment or study whose changes are determined by the presence or degree of one or more independent variables. When graphed, this variable is usually on the vertical axis.

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Dimensional analysis

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A technique of problem-solving that uses the units that are part of a measurement to help solve the problem.

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Effect

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The state or object brought about by a cause.

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Energy pyramid

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This display graphically shows the energy that is available at each trophic level in a a food chain.

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Evidence

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This is data from an experiment, which is used to verify or reject the original hypothesis in the conclusion.

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Experiment

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Scientific procedure followed to obtain results for analysis. This is also a means to test a hypothesis.

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Experimental variable

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This is the condition which is changed within experiment.

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Extrapolation

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This is the process of using a set of known data points on a graph to predict where an unknown data point outside of that range would lie.

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Flask

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This is a container used for storage of chemical solutions.

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Graduated cylinder

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This is a container used for measurement of the volume of a liquid.

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Graph

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This is the image obtained by plotting all the points of an equation or inequality. A visual representation of scientific data.

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Graphing calculator

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This is a type of calculator that lets your quickly visualize math. You type an equation and this tool draws it for you without complicated commands.

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Hypothesis

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This is a prediction of the outcome of scientific processes based on analysis.

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Independent variable

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This is the manipulated variable in an experiment or study whose presence or degree determines the change in the dependent variable. When graphed this is graphed usually on the horizontal axis.

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Inference

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This is the process of making a prediction based on the results of prior observations of similar events.

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Inquiry

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This is the act of trying to find the answer to an unknown question by the use of experimentation and research.

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Interpolation

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This is the process of predicting the value of an unknown data point within the range of a set of known data points.

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Investigation

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This is the method of researching or studying a topic. Examination, inquiry...

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Lab safety

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This is the act of being responsible while working on a scientific investigation; following directions, wearing apron and goggles, knowing the location of emergency equipment, etc.

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Life cycle

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This is the time of development of one generation.

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Line graph

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A graph that is represented by points connected by segments.

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Logic

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This is the science of correct reasoning. The basic components are statements that can be true or false, but never both.

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Manipulated variable

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This is the one factor that is changed or tested by the person doing the investigation.

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Mean

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This is a measure of central tendency; in a set of data is what people refer to as the average.

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Measurement

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This is collection of quantitative data made by comparing a quantity with a standard unit. In science, the units are metric.

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Measurement error

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The difference between the accepted value and the experimental value.

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Median

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This is a measure of central tendency; it is the number in the middle of a data set.

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Metric system

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This is the decimal system of weights and measures based on the meter as a unit length and the kilogram as a unit mass.

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Microscope

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Equipment used to magnify and observe small objects.

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Mode

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This is the value that occurs the most frequently in a data set.

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Model

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A small object, usually built to scale, that represents in detail another, often larger object.

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Observation

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This is a process of watching an experiment and noting what occurs.

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Peer review

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This is the evaluation of scientific research, creative work, or performance by other people in the same field in order to maintain or enhance the quality of the work or performance in that field

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PH scale

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A graphical representation of the strength of an acid or base.

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Physical Model

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This is a physical construction that accurately represents something that is either unseen, or something that is either too small or too large to view under normal circumstances. It may also be a physical construction that represents an idea.

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Pictograph

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This uses pictures or symbols to represent an assigned amount of data.

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Pie chart

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This is the preferred method of representing percentage data.

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Position-time graph

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This is a line graph used to describe the motion of an object. A graphic representation of velocity. Also used to represent speed.

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Precision

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This is the ability of a measurement to be reproduced consistently.

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Prediction

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This is a statement that a particular event will occur, based on reasonable observations of prior events.

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Primary source

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This is a document or physical object which was written or created during the time under study. These sources were present during an experience or time period and offer an inside view of a particular event. First hand knowledge.

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Problem

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This is a question proposed for solution or discussion.

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Problem solving

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This is the process of finding a solution to a problem.

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Procedures

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This is the process of steps taken in completing a task, such as a lab investigation.

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Proportion

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This is an equation which states that two ratios are equal.

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Qualitative data

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This is information from an experiment, such as observations or behaviors, that cannot be recorded with a numerical value.

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Quantitative data

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This is information from an experiment that can be assigned a number or a quantity and can often be used to construct a graph.

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Rain gauge

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This is a tool used to measure the amount of precipitation in inches or centimeters.

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Range

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This is the difference between the smallest and the largest numbers in the data set.

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Ratio

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Usually expressed as a fraction, this is way of showing the relative size of two numbers, as when 24/30 is written as 4/5, meaning 24 has as many groups of 4 as 30 has groups of 5.

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Research

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This is what people do when they are searching for information. People often look in more than one location.

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Research question

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This is one of the first steps in scientific research. It usually starts with: How, What, When, Who, Which, Why, or Where.

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Responding variable

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This is the result of or response to changing the manipulated variable.

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Results

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This is the outcome.

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Ruler

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This is a straight measuring device, marked at intervals, used to measure distances.

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Scientific Method

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A process used to gather evidence and lead to understanding.

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Scientific Notation

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This is a shorthand way of writing very large or very small numbers, in which a number is expressed as a number between 1 and 10, times 10 raised to an exponent.

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Spring scale

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Equipment used to measure force

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Stopwatch

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This is a timing device used to measure the length of time for short events.

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Technology

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This is the use of scientific tools to help make things easier and better.

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Test tube

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This is a small container used for observation of chemical reactions.

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Testable

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This is word used to describe a characteristic of a hypothesis. It means you are able to experiment to see how two variables may be related.

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Theory

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This is a scientific conclusion based on much supporting evidence.

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Thermometer

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Equipment used to measure the temperature of an object.

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Time-series graph

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This is one type of line graph in which the independent variable is time plotted on the X axis and the dependent variable, also numerical, is plotted on the Y axis.

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Trial

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This is a repetition of an experiment. Scientists use multiples of these to ensure the reliability of their results.

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Unit of measure

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This is a standard of measure for a physical quantity and is included as part of the X and Y axes labels on a line graph.

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Validity

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This is the degree at which a test measures what it is intended to measure.

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Variable

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This is the factor which is tested in an experiment.

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Water displacement

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This is the most commonly used method when trying to measure the volume of an irregularly shaped object

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Wind vane

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This is a tool used to measure wind direction.

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X axis

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In a line graph comparing two variables, the independent variable is plotted along this axis.

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X-Y graph

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This is a type of graph where the dependent variable is plotted vs. the independent variable as unique points.

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Y axis

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In a line graph comparing two variables, the dependent variable is plotted along this axis.

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