Spmt 217 exam 3 – Flashcards
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Banning of corporate ownership
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The NFL has the most strict ownership rules, being the only to ban corporate ownership since 1970 with the exception of the 49ers who is owned by Edward J. DeBartolo
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What is included in league revenues
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National Television and radio contracts, League-wide licensing, and league-wide sponsorship programs.
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Collective bargaining agreement
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agreements reached between players and league owners, deciding how the league will operate such as: division of league revenue, team salary caps, free agency requirements, restrictions on player mobility, provisions regarding the drafting of players, disciplinary rules, and other general regulations of the league
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Sports movement in the global market
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All major leagues are drafting players from different countries, they have also began to play regular season games overseas.
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Salary caps
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Salary caps are intended to create parity among teams by capping how much a team can spend on its players' salaries. Salary caps are adjusted annually for changes in revenue
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NFL public ownership
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The NFL also bans public ownership in 1970, with the exception of the Green Bay Packers
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The History and role of the Commissioner
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Until 1921 a three-member board, the National commission, governed baseball. Baseball owners appointed Judge Kennesaw Mountain Landis the first professional sport league commissioner in November 1920
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League think
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Pioneered and most effectively implemented by the NFL, this term represents the notion that teams must recognize the importance of their competition and share revenues to ensure that their competitors remain strong.
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The current rate for athletic franchises
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North America's first professional league
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North America was the first professional league was the National League for baseball founded in 1876 while the American League was founded in 1901
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The first sports agents and their roles in history
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C.C "Cash and Carry" Pyle is often cited as the first sport agent o Agents have existed in individual sports such as golf and tennis for longer times then other sports o Until 1970's, it was extremely rare for a pro team sport athlete to have an agent • Teams generally refused to deal with agents • No free agency until 1976, so little leverage to negotiate
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First associate to help provide rights for players
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The reserve system
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a rule that limited a free and open market for players, players placed on reserve list could not be traded. Reserve clause allowed owner to renew contracts season after season
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Three models for a sport agency business
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Professional Golf Association restrictions
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The Professional Golf Association (PGA) restricts individual golfers from entering into endorsement unless they are: A) related to golf only B) with companies that sponsor the PGA tour C) in good taste D) do not conflict with the LPGA
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Five Key problems of the sport agency profession
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SFX sports
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Could provide athletes with a one stop shop for marketing and negotiations
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Requirements of being a sport agent
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How arenas and stadiums help maximize revenue
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Bonds, Taxes, and corporate investments
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event Director
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facility career opportunity; acts as the point person for the facility during each show; must be able to think and react quickly to any problems arising during the event and must be able to deal calmly with show promoters, angry customers, lost children, and other situations
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Booking director
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A person responsible for scheduling events for a facility.
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Public relations director
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Publicity Manager
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Marketing director
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is responsible for generating new business, organizing special events , and conducting market research
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Monitoring financial risks
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Detecting the issue - which variances are indication of problems, benchmarks or parameters for variance
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Effects of September 11, 2001
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Brainstorming tours
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International Management group
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the management of business operations conducted in more than one country.
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Effects of televising sports
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In house agencies
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made up of the company's own advertising staff may provide full services or a limited range of services.
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zero base budgeting
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We start with 0 and add what we want to add to the budget this year. Management must justify ALL additions to the budget. The intent is to avoid the organizational fat that eventually accumulates when managers adopt the belief that the current period's budget should be the same as the last periods
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integrated marketing
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the coordination of marketing messages through every promotional vehicle to communicate a unified impression about a product
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How to reduce risk
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Professional skills, formatting, and expectations: resumes, interviews, salary
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