South Asia Study Guide – Flashcards
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Khyber Pass
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The Khyber Pass is a pass in the Hindu Kush Mountains located in northern Pakistan. This was where many ancient civilizatios entered South Asia from the West like The Gupta Empire, the Aryan Empire, and the Mughal empire.
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Indian Independence
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India gained independence from the British in 1947 through the peaceful protests of Gandhi.
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Nepal Economy
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Nepal is 90% Himalayan, leading to a great amount of tourism. The mountainous terrain provide for herding and the production of wool and hides.
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Bangladesh Economy
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Bangladesh's economy struggles because of over-crowding and flooding. Bangladesh is one of the most densely populated countries in the world, and most of the country is made up of the Brahmaputra River Delta, so every year when it floods, the economy struggles. Bangladesh is the world's leader in jute production.
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Himalalyas
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About 70 million years ago the collision between the Indo-Australian and Eurasian plate began making the Himalayas amongst the youngest mountains on the planet. There are over 100 mountains in the chain the exceed 7,200 meters (23,600ft). These mountains are found in India, Bhutan, Nepal, China, and Pakistan. The region is seismically active, but no volcanoes exist here due to the continent-continent collision occurring.
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Hindu Kush
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The Hindu Kush is a mountain range located in Afghanistan and Northern Pakistan. They neighbor the Himalayas, but are not nearly as tall. The Khyber Pass is located in the Hindu Kush Mountains.
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Monsoon Impact
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The Monsoon Season hurts the Bangladesh Economy, because most of Bangladesh is made up of the Brahmaputra and Ganges River Delta, and the monsson season makes this overflow, wrecking havoc in Bangladesh.
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Pakistan Climate
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Arid, semi-arid, highland in the north in the Himalayas.
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Tamil
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Tamils are the Hindus that are in Sri Lanka. They were involved in a civil war with the Sinhalese until 2009, and now there is a presidential republic. In 1988 a group of armed Tamils arrived on the island of Male and attempted to capture the President of the Maldives; they failed and were ran out by 1,600 Indian Paratroopers.
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Sinhala
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Sinhalese are a group of Buddhist people who fought in a civil war against the Tamils. A group of Sinhalese were attacked by Tamils, which led to mass killings and attacks against Tamils.
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Karachi Economy
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Karachi is a port on the Arabian Sea, is where most exports travel through, making the city an important trading center.
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Dhaka
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Dhaka is the Capital City of Bangladesh, and floods every year because of the monsoon season and the Ganges-Brahmaputra River Delta. Dhaka is one of the world's most densely populated cities.
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Global Warming Impact
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Global Warming has a large impact on South Asia. As the temperatures rise, glaciers in the Himalayas melt, causing the Brahmaputra and Ganges River to flood, impacting the economies of countries such as Bangladesh.
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Sherpa
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Sherpa are natives of Nepal, who lead groups of people up Mt. Everest. These people are called Sherpa guides.
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Tenzing Noragy and Edmund Hillary
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Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay were the first two people to summit Mt. Everest. Hillary was a British explorer, and Norgay was his Sherpa guide. They summited on May 29, 1953.
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Himalayan Rivers
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Many of the rivers of the region begin in the Himalayas originating from glaciers. There are 15,000 glaciers in the region and they contain over 12,000sq. km. (3,000sq. miles) of freshwater. There are two main river basins that flow out of these mountains: the Indus, and the Ganges-Brahmaputra.
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Gandhi
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Gandhi led the Indian Revolution, and gave India freedom in 1947. He was a sergeant general in the British Army, and was born into a rich family. He not only freed India, but tried to abbolish the caste system, which got him assassinated shortly after India was granted independence.
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British Empire in India
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The British empire had a strong presence in India until 1947 when India gained independence through the peaceful protests of Gandhi. The British were not the first Europeans in India, the Portugese and France had also been here. many famous authgors were born in India like George Orwell, who later moved to England.
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Sri Lankan Economy
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Sri Lanka is the world's #1 producer of graphite and #2 producer in tea. There economy has struggled because of the guerilla warfare between the Tamils and Sinhalese.
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8000'ers
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Peaks over 8000 meters, all of which are found in the Himalayas
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Nepal Demographics
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Because of the Himalayas, they will have different cultures than the rest of the world, as well as other places in Nepal.
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Maldives Economy
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Maldives is able to produce fish, coconuts, and is a hub for tourism.
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Aryan Empire
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The Aryan Empire were invaders from the Iran, and they came into South Asia through the Khyber Pass in the Hindu Kush Mountains. The caste system developed from the social system of the Aryans.
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Gupta Empire
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The Gupta Empire was one of the most advanced of its time, being the first to use numbers, and in particular the number zero.
