SOCIOLOGY CHAPTER 7, 8 & 9 STUDY GUIDE

the recognized violation of cultural norms

the violation of a society's formally enacted criminal law

attempts by society to regulate people's thoughts and behavior

Argued that excessive deviance arises from particular social arrangements. (4 parts)

a response due to the strain generated by our culture's emphasis on wealth and the lack of opportunities to get rich, which causes people to be \"innovators\" by engaging in stealing and selling drugs. Accept society's goals, but reject socially acceptable means of achieving them (ex. success of wealth through crime). Merton claims that innovators are mostly those who have been socialized with similar world views to conformists, but who have been denied the opportunities they need to be able to legitimately achieve society's goals.

refers to the inability to reach a cultural goal thus embracing the rules to the point where they lose sight of their larger goals in order to feel respectable; reject society's goals, but accept society's institutionalized means. Most commonly found in dead-end, repetitive jobs, where they are unable to achieve society's goals but still adhere to society's means of achievement and social norms.

a response that shows the inability of a person to reject both the cultural goals and means letting the person \"drop out\". Reject the society's goals and the legitimate means to achieve them. Merton sees them as true deviants, as they commit acts of deviance to achieve things that do not always go along with society's values.

somehow similar to retreatism, because rebellions also reject both the cultural goals and means but they go on one step further and a \"counterculture\" that supports other social orders that already exist (rule breaking). Rebels reject society's goals and legitimate means to achieve them, and instead create new goals and means to replace those of society, creating not only new goals to achieve but also new ways to achieve these goals that other rebels will find acceptable.

a powerfully negative label that greatly changes a person's self-concept and social identity; master status

He argued that deviant labels are applied to people who interfere with the operation of capitalism. links deviance to social inequality \"deviant\" depends on which categories if people hold power in a society

deviant labels are applied to people who interfere with the operation of capitalism

crimes committed by people of high social position in the course of their occupations

the illegal actions of a corporation or people acting on its behalf

a business supplying illegal goods or services

a criminal act against a person or a person's property by an offender motivated by racial or other bias

a system by which a society ranks categories of people in a hierarchy a trait of society not simply reflection of individual differences carries over the generation to generation it is universal but variable (found everywhere but...) involves bot just inequality but beliefs

social stratification based on ascription (birth).

has 4 major castes depending on what caste they're born into, they are given a job when they are born they know who they're going to marry when they are born

leads to a war 800,000 killed a failed caste system between Hutu and Tutsi; forced upon them, caused civil war location: East African nation of Rwanda Hutu people came to power in rebellion and overthrew Tutsi monarchy - The Hutus killed (brutally) the Tutsi. we did not do anything due to lack of political and economical interest

technology, lack of population growth cultural patterns (ex. traditions keep them poor) social stratification (unequal distribution of wealth) gender inequality (women = stay at home, men = work) global power relationships (ex. money = power, cheap labor = poor countries)