Sociology Chapter 4 – Flashcards
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Ascribed Status:
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A social position a person receives at birth or take on INVOLUNTARILY later on in life.
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Achieved Status:
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A social position a person takes on VOLUNTARILY that reflects personal ability and effort.
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Status Set:
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All the statuses a person holds at a given time.
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Master Status:
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A status that has special importance for social identity, often shaping a persons entire life.
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Role:
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Behavior expected of someone who holds a specific status.
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Role Set:
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A number of roles attached to a single status.
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Role Conflict:
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Conflict among the roles connected to two or more statuses.
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Role Strain:
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Tension among the roles connected to a single status.
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Social Construction of Reality:
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The process by which people creatively shape reality through social interaction.
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Thomas Theorem:
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W.I. Thomas's claim that situations defined as real are real in their consequences. Named after W.I. Thomas and Dorothy Thomas.
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Ethnomethodology:
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Harold Garfinkel's term for the study of the way people make sense of their everyday surroundings.
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Dramaturgical Analysis:
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Erving Goffman's term for the study of social interactions in terms of theatrical performance.
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Presentation of Self:
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A persons effort to create specific impressions in the minds of others. Sometimes called IMPRESSION MANAGEMENT.
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What concept refers to a social position that is received at birth or involuntarily assumed later in life?
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Ascribed Status
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What concept refers to a status that has special importance for social identity, often shaping a persons entire life?
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Master Status
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Shawna is a great artist, but as a mother, she feels she can not work and devote enough time to her family. She is experiencing?
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Role Conflict.
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Which concept refers to the tension among roles connected to a single status?
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Role Strain
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Tact is a common response in potentially embarrassing situations because...
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Everyone feels discomfort when a constructed reality breaks down.
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Looking at humor from a structural-functional standpoint, joke...
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Are often used to relieve tension-- "lightening" a situation.
