question

Socialization: ____, _____

answer

pre-socialized attributes of humans very educated socialization

question

Culture

answer

content of human world material and nonmaterial

question

Instincts are important to the animal world, programming of humans is ____.

answer

complex

question

Individual Attributes:

answer

Temperament Intellectual Aptitude Sexual Preferences "Talent" can be genetic

question

Blank Slate Steven Pinker

answer

parents think they can mould their children

question

Socialization Process:

answer

Conscious/ Deliberate Unconscious/ Non-deliberate

question

Suicidal thoughts goes against the view that humans want to _____.

answer

prolong their survival

question

People have the capabilitites and the ____ to make choices.

answer

intution

question

Critical Stage of Development is:

answer

8-18 months if a child is not stimulated than they will suffer

question

Critical Stage also claims that______.

answer

people are shaped by experiences

question

Pre-Socialization Physical Being:

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Sex Physical features Potential/ maturation

question

Human "nature" attributes:

answer

needs drives reflexes instincts will

question

Socialization process by which people learn how to use things around them, taking a human baby and turning them into _____.

answer

social being

question

Middle-class kids feel like they are working toward the future and have a _____ trying to.

answer

heartache

question

When people have an environment without stability, they choose ______.

answer

lower pleasures

question

Functions of the Socialization Process:

answer

1. Basic discipline instilled ex: deferred gratification 2. Basic skills taught ex: computer literacy 3. Basic social roles taught ex: sex roles 4. Basic social values/ aspirations instilled ex: ambitious, teaching children what gender to identify with

question

Chapter 3 Deber Cheaters, Liars, and Survivors Wilding Culture in the Media, Sports, College Campuses and Everyday Life

answer

People are committing violent crimes and when they beat the system they are more likely to do so US is becoming a nation of crooks media portrays success as easy reality tv creates wilding culture like that of the Ik students believe that it is every person for themself

question

Deber Chapter 3 continued

answer

cynicism is on the rise crimes on campuses are rising cheating is increasing wilding is most disturbing in sports when refrees do it Video games promote violence

question

Deber Chapter 3 continued part

answer

Philipee Bourgois anthropologist spent 5 years living in a tenment in East Harlem trying to get inside the minds of crack dealers Inner- city children bear a resemblance to careerist college students more than anyone else Wilding at the top is the same as wilding at the bottom For most inner-city youth, drug (crack) dealing is only path to the American Dream

question

Socialization is a lifelong social experience where develop their ____ and ____.

answer

human potential and learn culture

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Humans are unlike any other animals since behavior is ____ and is biological in other animals.

answer

learned

question

Personality

answer

person's fairly consistent patterns of acting, thinking, and feeling

question

People form their personality by taking in their ____.

answer

surroundings

question

Behaviorism is not instinctive, but ____.

answer

learned

question

Nurture is more in shaping our ____.

answer

behavior

question

John B. Watson

answer

believed that human behavior is rooted in nuture, not in nature whether a person develops their inherited potential depends on how they were raised if children do not use their brains early in life, then they do not develop

question

100,000 years ago people believed that they were born with instincts that determined ____ and _____.

answer

personality and behavior

question

Darwin's theory led people to believe that human behavior was instinctly in their nature, some people were born _____ and others were born ____.

answer

criminals rational

question

Mass Media

answer

means for delivering impersonal communications to a vast audience

question

Mass media introduces people to ____ and ____ that are new and different.

answer

new different

question

Gerontology

answer

study of aging and elderly

question

Child labor is most common in ____ and _____.

answer

Africa Asia

question

Total Institution

answer

setting in which people are isolated from rest of society and controlled by administrative staff

question

Societies organize life according to ____, _____, ____, _____, ______.

answer

race class age ethnicity gender

question

Cohort

answer

category of people with something in common, usually age

question

Resocialization

answer

radically changing an inmate's personality by carefully controlling the environment

question

Children are more focused on ______.

answer

immediate grafitication

question

Women are doing better in college than men, wives may ____ more than their husbands.

answer

earn

question

Anticipatory Socialization

answer

children learning roles that they may be in the future ex: boys and girls play house

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Sociologists classify statuses in terms of how people ___ them

answer

attain

question

Role

answer

behavior expected of someone who holds particular status

question

Men who often tell jokes about women hold some ____ toward them.

answer

hostility

question

Humor is a universal element of human _____.

answer

culture

question

Key to humor is the ________ we can see why the climax of the joke is termed the punch line.

answer

collision of realities

question

Capacity for emotion arose in our ancestors along with capacity for _____.

answer

culture

question

Orrin Klapp Heros, Villians and Fools

answer

Winners Splendid Performers Social Acceptability Models Independent Spirits Group Servants

question

American Cultural Values

answer

Economic Success... hard work... efficiency Social: Progress... Individualism Political: Equality of opportunity... freedom Religion: Morals humanitarian

question

Harry and Maraget Harlow 1962 found that

answer

monkeys could not recover from isolation after 6 month period, but could recover from 3 months monkeys were passive, fearful and anxious monkeys benefited from closeness and infants cradling is important

question

Kingsley Dav found Anna

answer

showed progress learned to walk, showed more interest in people mental development not that of her age died from a blood disorder at 10

question

____ is very damaging to a child's environment personalities are shaped by the people who we live with.

answer

violence

question

Freud claimed that biology plays main role in human development and he also believed that humans have 2 drives present at birth:

answer

1. need for bonding "life instincts" eros 2. agressive drive "death for instincts" and nanatos

question

The two opposing forces that Freud mentioned operate at ____ level and create inner tension.

answer

unconscious

question

Sublimation

answer

competing demands of self and society changes selfish drives into socially acceptable behavior

question

1996 American Medical Association claimed that violence in tv and movies causes ____ to health.

answer

hazard

question

Socialization isn't a simple learning process, but rather a complex balancing act as we ____ info from many sources.

answer

absorb

question

Children in Taiwan and Indonesia make products that people use and do work that is ____ and _____ harmful.

answer

physically mentally

question

Kids 10-12 yrs old have the same interests and experiences that a 12-14 yr old had a generation ago, which causes a greater level of ____ and _____.

answer

stress anxiety

question

People who have the greatest risk of poverty are between the ages of ______.

answer

18-25

question

People in low-income countries respect the elderly for their ___ and ____ of land

answer

wisdom control of land

question

Number of elderly outnumber teens and is expected to _____.

answer

increase

question

______ weakens social standing of elderly and gives it to younger people.

answer

Industrialization

question

Gerontocracy

answer

form of social organization where elderly have most power, wealth, prestige

question

Culture in the form of ____ represses selfish demands which force people to look beyond their own desires.

answer

superego

question

The id and superego are in conflict, but in a well-adjusted person, ___ manages opposing forces, if conflicts are not resolved in childhood then personality disorders may develop.

answer

ego

question

Freud's modle of personality consists of 3 parts:

answer

1. Id- humans basic needs present at birth, unconscious, need immediate satisfaction Latin "in it" 2. Ego- conscious efforts to balance innate pleasures seeking drives with demands of society Latin "I" 3. Superego- cultural values and norms interalized by individual Latin "above or beyond"

question

Jean Piaget

answer

came up with 4 stages of development studied how people think and understand

question

Jean Piaget's 4 stages of development:

answer

1. Sensorimotor Stage 2. Preoperational Stage 3. Concrete Operational Stage 4. Formal Operational Stage

question

Sensorimotor Stage

answer

level of human dev people experience world only through their senses "knowing" to a young child is what their senses tell them

question

Preoperational Stage

answer

level of human dev people first use their language and other symbols 2-6yrs cant judge size, weight, volume

question

Concrete Operational Stage

answer

level of human dev people see causal connections in their surroundings 7-11 yrs focus on how and why things happen

question

Formal Operational Stage

answer

level of human dev people think abstractly and critically 7 yr old may want to be a teacher, teenagers have ability to reason critically

question

30% of people never reach ______.

answer

Formal Operational Stage

question

Charles Horton Cooley

answer

Looking-glass self- self-image based on how we think others see us

question

Lawrence Kohlberg's Theory of Moral Development was built off of ____ work to study moral reasoning.

answer

Piaget's Young children experience the world in terms of pain and pleasure(Piaget's sensorimotor stage and L's preconventional stage

question

Lawrence defined the second level as:

answer

conventional level teens lose sense of selfishness define right and wrong in terms of what pleases parents and confines to norms

question

Lawerence third level:

answer

Postconventional level people move beyond society's norms to consider abstract ethical principles such as freedom, liberty and justice

question

Peer Group:

answer

has short term influence on a person, what tv shows, music they like but do not have long term influence such as going to college parents have that people view their own group as positive and others as negative

question

Ethnomethodology

answer

study way people make sense of their everyday surroundings everyday behavior rests on a number of assumptions

question

Social interaction is a complex negotiation builds ____.

answer

reality

question

Erving Goffman (1961) total institutions have 3 important characteristics:

answer

1. Staff members supervise all aspects of daily life, including where residents live, sleep, work 2. Life in total institutions is controlled and standardized with same food, uniforms, acitivities ofr everyone. 3. Formal rules dictate when, where, and how inmates perform their daily routines

question

Children in higher societies(America) can be successful despite a poor upbringing, this a part of ____, prepares children for the real world.

answer

socialization

question

Resocialization has 2 parts:

answer

1. Staff breaks down new inmate's existing identity 2. Staff tries to build new self in inmate through system of rewards and punishments

question

Total institutions affect people in different ways, they can become ____, hostile or rehabilitated ____.

answer

bitter recovered

question

Some people have lost the capacity for ____ after living in a prison.

answer

independent living

question

Agents of Socialization:

answer

1. Family 2. Peers 3. School 4. Other Institutions - Church/Daycare/ work 5. Media

question

Educational Process is more geared toward taking tests which might take away from ____.

answer

more important things

question

_____ has become part of socialization.

answer

Media

question

Tv promotes ____ behavior.

answer

paranoid

question

Internet benefits a person more than tv since it is more ____.

answer

interactive

question

Patterns of Socialization:

answer

1. Non Socialization 2. Feral Children-raised by animals more animal like than childlike 3. Extremely isolated children 4. Institutionalized children

question

Feral children are less developed than ____.

answer

animals

question

Inadequate or flawed socialization:

answer

1. Psychopaths- kill people and do not feel guilty 2. Prodigies- some children are raised to be this by parents but lack in other areas

question

Psychopaths do not accknowledge ____ therefore they have no guilt when they sin.

answer

conscious sin

question

Resocialization:

answer

total institutions

question

Impact of Socialization:

answer

Oversocialized conception (wrong)

question

Social Construction of Reality

answer

process by which people creatively shape reality through social interaction

question

People build reality from their surrounding ____.

answer

culture

question

Physical disability can be defined as a _____ and we dehumanize them.

answer

master status

question

People with powerful ascribed statuses are more like to be in more successive in _____.

answer

careers

question

Erikson believed that the way a person experiences things ____ them.

answer

influence

question

Stages of Socialization Moral Kohlberg:

answer

l. Pre-moral 2. Convent 3. 10-11 Principled

question

Stages of Socialization Mead:

answer

1. Imitation 1-2 2. Play 4-5 3. Game 7-8

question

Robert Merton (1968)

answer

introduced term "role set"

question

Role Set

answer

number of roles attached to a single status

question

Helen Rose Fuchs Ebaugh found that:

answer

unv. prof. heft convenant studied her own experience as person leaving the covenant studied ex nuns, doctors, husbands, alcoholics process starts when people start to doubt their abiltity to live a certain role As people imagine alternative roles they reach a tipping point start to pursue a new life past can interfere with building new sense of self

question

Harold Garfinkel came up with ethnometholody in

answer

1967

question

Thomas Theorem

answer

situations defined as real are real in their consequences when applies to social interaction, reality is "soft" as it is being shaped and "hard" applies to how it can become effects

question

Baldovino suggests that quite a bit of reality remains unclear in everyone's mind expecially in _____.

answer

unfamiliar situations

question

Dramaturgical Analysis

answer

study of social interaction in terms of theatrical performance offers a fresh look at concepts of status and role

question

Erving Goffman

answer

sociologist analyzed social interaction explaining how people live their lives is much like actors in a play

question

Goffman described each person's performance as ______.

answer

presentation of self

question

Presentation of Self

answer

person's effort to create specific impressions in the minds of others

question

Nonverbal Communication

answer

provides clues of deception changes in breathing, pulse rate, perspiration, blood pressure

question

Key to detecting lies is to view the whole performance and keep an eye for _____.

answer

inconsistencies

question

____ is central element in personal communication.

answer

Gender

question

Women are socialized to respond to others so they are more ____ to communication than men.

answer

sensitive

question

____ way we act and carry ourselves is clue to social power.

answer

Demeanor

question

Women are more careful in crafting their _____ than men.

answer

personal experience

question

Men with more ____ intrude a woman's personal space.

answer

social power

question

3 important dimensions of everyday life:

answer

1. emotions 2. language 3. humor

question

Women contain more eye contact than men, but when men stare at women they are claiming ____ and defining women as objects, if a woman moves into his personal space he is likely to take that as a sign of interest.

answer

sexual dominance

question

In a male dominated world, women ___ more than men.

answer

smile

question

People often use idealization when they are being nice to someone they _____.

answer

dont like

question

Idealization

answer

we try to idealize our intentions to convince ourselves and others that our actions reflect cultural ideals rather than selfish motives

question

Men usually touch women more than women touch men, proving their ___ which suggests caring and intimacy.

answer

dominance

question

Many performances involve juggling many elements that one thoughtless moment can shatter _____.

answer

intended impression

question

Goffman describes embarrassment as ____.

answer

losing face

question

Embarrassment is present danger since idealized persons usually contain some ____.

answer

deception

question

Tact is helping someone "save face," according to Lincoln it is the ability to

answer

describe others the way they see themselves

question

Embarrassment creates discomfort for the actor and audience, since they are reminded of how _____ their own performance is.

answer

fragile

question

Paul Ekman 6 basic emotions:

answer

1. fear 2. happiness 3. anger 4. fear 5. disgust 6. surprise

question

Culture plays an important role in guiding our human _____.

answer

emotions

question

Emotions allow serve social purpose allows us to overcome indivdualism and build connections with _____.

answer

others

question

Language helps men establish control over their surroundings, so they attach a ____ to show ownership over it.

answer

female

question

Cultural side of emotions:

answer

1. Ekman explains culture defines what triggers an emotion 2. Culture provides rule for displaying emotions 3. Culture guides how we value our emotions

question

Arlie Russell Hochschild

answer

found people are freer to express their emotions at home than at work Companies try to control behavior and emotions of employees

question

Foundation of Humor:

answer

1. reality is conventional 2. reality is unconventional

question

Extreme Isolation

answer

1940 acocunt of Anna almost no normal contact for 6 yrs couldn't walk, talk or do anything that required intelligence

question

On Becoming Male: Reflections of a Sociologist on Childhood and Early Socialization

answer

Sexuality is a part of our social intelligence boys learn that despite mom shaking her head is approval learn limits recognize they have less than girls

question

On Becoming Male part 2:

answer

boys have two ways of acting the 1. is natural and relaxed, in front of the guys, 2. forced in front of girls

question

Artificality allows men to meet the expectations that ____ have for them.

answer

women

question

Sports games allow men to escape from ____ world feel comfortable away from the demands of sharing and initimacy. Semi-imaginery world sums up feelings of ____ left from childhood.

answer

feminine subconscious

question

Some men have overcome masculine socialization into intersexual superficiality and have dev. relationships with women that transcends confines of _____.

answer

cultural dictates

question

Imitation Stage

answer

children start to play games by rules

question

Socialization and The Self Categories:

answer

1. Statuses/ Memberships 2. Physical Attributes 3. Personality characteristics 4. Interets

question

Sources of self-concept:

answer

1. family 2. peers 3. public/media roles 4. Concrete achievements 5. incidents/accidents 6. religious values/beliefs 7. self-imposed goals

question

Generalized Other: The "I" and "Me" G.H. Mead

answer

beliefs and values and don't care what others think "I" people who get up in the morning and wonder what others think of them "me"

question

Ego is the ____.

answer

voice of reason

question

Superego

answer

conscious values of culture in person

question

Social Structure Status:

answer

1. Position 2. Attribute 3. Membership

question

Role Negotiation

answer

negotiation b/w parents and child roles may not clearly be defined

question

Boyfriend of a single mom has role of father but not ____.

answer

status

question

Attacking Nicely: Women Selling Cars

answer

in our society car sales goes against the norms of trust in human relations being car sales people can be tough for mothers since they are socialized to be mothers and caretakers

question

Attacking Nicely Part 2:

answer

study shows how women handle conflict b/w socialized role of women and role as car sales people 5 categories Tough Guys, Innocents, Ladies, Reformers, Retreaters The salesmen thought they were superior to the saleswomen

question

Behavior in Pubic Places: The Sociology of

answer

Goffman uses dramaturgical framework genital behavior is problematic for people since they have been socialized to not expose themselves examine divided into 2 parts, patient as person and patient as pelvic

question

Behavior Part 2

answer

nurse stays as chaperone doctor doesn't carry on conservation with patient, he does so with the nurse isnt against etiquette since patient is dehumanized patient studied alienation from interaction and demonstrates dramaturgical discipline

question

2 types of social groups:

answer

1. Primary 2. Secondary

question

2 leadership roles:

answer

1. Instrumental- focuses on completion of tasks 2. Expressive- focuses on group's well-being

question

Non- conformist was

answer

Michael Jackson

question

Robert Merton's Strain Theory has more to do with the success of men since women are more _____ to define it in terms of their relationships.

answer

socialized

question

Men escape direct responsibilities for their actions that victimize women since men put themselves in positions of ____ over women.

answer

power

question

Sutherland explains white-collar crime usually ends up in civil hearing rather than ___.

answer

courtroom

question

3 leadership styles:

answer

1. Authorization 2. Democractic 3. Lassiez- faire

question

Milgram and Asch:

answer

got strangers to conform to visual perception had actors purposely say wrong answer to see if the one person would conform

question

Stouffer's Research showed that:

answer

soliders who were in units with low production rates were actually more positive about their chances to move ahead key to understanding this results lies in groups agaisnt which soldiers measure themselves

question

Dyad was explored by German sociologist in smallest social groups

answer

Greek for "pair" designates social group with 2 members more intense than other interactions

question

Triad

answer

Simmel studied group with 3 members

question

Peter Blau points out 3 ways social diversity influences intergroup contact:

answer

1. large groups turn inward 2. hetergenous groups turn outward 3. physical boundaries create social boundaries

question

Netwoek

answer

web of weak social ties

question

Internet is the largest ____ in the world.

answer

network

question

Presentation of Self the is ____ appraoch

answer

micro

question

Evaluation of Role Playing Erving Goffman

answer

Substantive + student is actually absorbing info in class even though it appears they are sleeping Symptomatic- person appears to be sleeping in class

question

When the role made me do it, we are engaging in ___-.

answer

self-deception

question

Role Distance

answer

person claims that a role made them do something

question

Role Repetorire in sum:

answer

1. Not all roles played simultaneously 2. Repetoire undergoes chnage 3. "weight" assigned to various roles 4. One role as primary identity role

question

Social Organization:

answer

1. Aggregate (Population Collectivity) 2. Category(Community) 3. Association 4. Social Group

question

Norms guide most human activities so the concept of ___ is too broad.

answer

deviance

question

Deviance is recognized as a violation of ____.

answer

cultural norms

question

One category of deviance is

answer

crime

question

Minor instances of nonconformity are

answer

stealing

question

Social Control

answer

attempts by society to regulate people's thoughts and behaviors

question

How society defines deviance, who is the deviant and what people decide to do about deviance is all a part of the way that society is ___.

answer

organized

question

Lombroso claimed that criminals have features that ___ them from the rest of society.

answer

differentiate

question

William Sheldon

answer

suggest body structure might predict criminality parents are somewhat distant from powrfully built boys and grow up to show less sensitivity toward others

question

3 foundations of deviance are:

answer

1. deviance varies to cultural norms 2. people become more deviant as people define them that way 3. Norms and the ways people define rule breaking involve social power

question

Norms and how we apply them reflect ____.

answer

social inequality

question

Functions of Deviance: Structural- Functional Analysis:

answer

1. Deviance affirms cultural values and norms 2. Responding to deviance declares moral boundaries 3. Responding to deviance brings people together 4. Deviance encourages social change

question

Durkheim claims there is nothing abnormal about ____.

answer

deviance

question

Durkheim claimed that today's deviance can be tomorrow's ___.

answer

morality

question

Durkheim claimed that deviance is a necessary element of social organization and serves several important ___-.

answer

functions

question

Erikson's study of Puritans of Mass Bay to life Erikson showed that even Puritans used deviance to clarify ____.

answer

moral boundaries

question

Durkheim claimed that every society ____ deviants to mark changing moral boundaries.

answer

creates

question

Merton's Strain Theory: Conformity lies in pursuing cultural goals through approved ___.

answer

deviance may be necessary for society to function too much deviance results from particular social arrangements means

question

Merton's strain between our cultures emphasizes wealth and lack of opportunities is what make some poor get involved in _____. Merton called this kind of deviance innovation using conventional means(street crime) to achieve culturally approved goals (wealth).

answer

stealing, drug dealing, street crime

question

Inability to reach cultural goal attribute to another type of deviance Merton called ____.

answer

ritualism

question

Retreatism

answer

rejecting both cultural goals and means so that one in effect "drops out" 3rd response to the inability to succeed

question

4th response to the inability to succeed is rebellion rejects cultural definition of ___ and conventional means of achieving it form counterculture supporting alternatives to ____.

answer

success existing social order

question

Deviant Subcultures

answer

Richard Cloward and Lloyd Onlin extended Merton's theory proposed that crime results not from limited legitimate (legal) opportunity but also from illegimate (ilegal) opportunity

question

Deviance or Conformity depends on the ____ that frames a person's life.

answer

relative opportunity structure

question

When people are unable to find any opportunities legal or ilegal then deviance may take 2 forms:

answer

1. Conflict Subcultures- armed street gangs regurlarly engage in violence 2. Retreatist Subcultures-deviants drop out and abuse alcohol or other drugs

question

Walter Miller claims deviant youth is characterized by:

answer

1. trouble with police and teachers 2. toughness- physical size, strength particularly among men 3. Smartness- ability to succeed on streets 4. Need for excitement 5. A belief in fate 6. A desire for freedom

question

Elijah Anderson explains that in many poor neighborhoods, people manage to conform to _____.

answer

conventional "decent" values

question

Durkheim's important contribution was ____.

answer

pointing out the functions of deviance

question

Structural-Functional theories suggest that everyone who breaks rules will be labeled ___.

answer

deviant

question

Symbolic-Interaction Analysis:

answer

explains how people come to see deviance in everyday situations

question

Central Contribution to Symbolic- Interaction Analysis is ____.

answer

Labeling Theory- idea deviance and conformity result not from what people do, but how others respond to those actions

question

Labeling Theory allows people to define a behavior in ____.

answer

a number of different ways

question

Social Construction of reality is highly variable process of ____, ____ and ____.

answer

detection definition response

question

Projective Labeling

answer

uses a deviant identity to predict one's future

question

Degradation Ceremony

answer

entire community stigmatizes person in public way like a graduation although person is publicly viewed negative rather than as positive

question

Retrospective Labeling

answer

reinterpretation of the person's past in light of some present deviance

question

Retrospective Labeling distorts a person's biography by being highly selective which usually deepens a _____.

answer

deviant identity

question

Primary Deviance

answer

Lemert observed norm violations such as skipping school after an audience has noticed someone's primary deviance the person may start to change by taking on a deviant identity by talking, acting, or dressing in a way which differs from rejecting people who are critical and constantly break the rules

question

Secondary Deviance

answer

marks beginning of what Erving called deviant career people develop understanding of their deviant behavior and acquire a stigma

question

People usually think of behavior that irriates or threatens them not simply as "different" but as ____ or ____.

answer

deviance mental illness

question

Thomas Szaz

answer

people are too quick to label mental illness to conditions that simply amount to differences we don't like

question

Medicalization of Deviance:

answer

transformations of moral and legal deviance into a medical condition behaviors that were strictly moral matters are widely defined today as illnesses which people need help rather than punishment

question

Difference labels make, whether defined as a medical or moral issue has 3 consequences:

answer

1. It affects who responds to deviance 2. How people respond to deviance 3. 2 labels differ on the issue of competence for deviant person

question

Sutherland's Differential Theory:

answer

person's tendency toward conformity or deviance depends on amount of contact with others who reject or encourage conventional behavior

question

Hirschi's Control Theory:

answer

states social control depends on people anticipating consequences of their behavior those who think they have little are more likely to break the rules

question

H linked conformity to 4 diff. types of social control

answer

1. Attachment 2. Opportunity 3. Involvement 4. Belief

question

Deviance and Equality Social- Conflict Anaylsis:

answer

links deviance to social inequality who or what is labeled deviant depends on categories people hold power in a society

question

Liazos says that people define deviants as those who are

answer

powerless

question

Social- Conflict Theory explains how minorities carry stigma of deviance:

answer

1. All norms especially laws of any society reflect interests of rich and powerful 2. Powerful have resources to resist deviant behavior 3. Widespread belief that norms and laws are "just" and good masks their potential character

question

Steven Spitzer followed Marxist tradition argues deviant labels are applied to people who interfere with the operation of captialism:

answer

1. Capitalism is based on private control of property, therefore the poor stealing from the rich is deviant 2. Capitalism depends on productive labor so those who do not and cannot work may be labeled as "deviant" 3. Operation of capitalism depends on authority, so those who reject it could be considered deviant 4. Anyone who directly changes status quo is like to be defined as "deviant."

question

Society positively labels whatever supports operation of capitalism Ex:

answer

Athletes celebrate when they win championships

question

Capitalist System tries to control those who do not fit into the ____.

answer

system

question

Social- Conflict Analysis doesn't address issue of ____.

answer

gender

question

The Presentation of Everyday Self by Erving Goffman 135-146:

answer

Goffman presents dramaturgical model of human life When person "enters into the presence of others" they try to acquire information about the person through info they already know By acquiring info a person know how to act in a situation to get a desired response

question

The Presentation of Everyday Self Part 2:

answer

The expressiveness of individual appears to give two radically different kinds of activity: the expression he gives and expression he gives off

question

The Presentation of Everyday Self Part 3:

answer

first involves verbal symbols/ substitutes he uses admittedly and solely convey info he and others are known to attach to these symbols involves deceit. second wide range of action that others can treat as symptomatic of the actor, expectation being actions performed for reasons other than information conveyed in this way.

question

It is in an individual's interest to control ___ of others.

answer

conduct

question

Symmetry of Communication Process:

answer

witness usually has more power over actor regardless of how many steps have occured in the information game People hide behind statements that fulfill the wants of everyone rather than just his or her needs

question

"Working consensus" established in one situation may differ from ____.

answer

another setting

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