question

Increase in the 20th century

answer

quadrupled

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For Chinese immigrants, one result of living in Chinatowns was _____.

answer

all of the above

question

low income nations highest causes of death

answer

poverty, him

question

demographic of U.S. women likely to enter labor force

answer

single with a child more likely to get a job

question

civil rights movements of 50s & 60s

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ended most instances of lawful discrimination

question

importance of com. college in america

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-1,800 two-year colleges enroll 40.8% of all college under graduations -greatly expand the opportunity to attend college -enroll almost half of african american and hispanic undergrads

question

man vs. female (life)

answer

women live longer by 5 years

question

white vs. black (life)

answer

white people expected to live longer than blacks 4 years longer

question

johnathon kozol's criticisms of U.S. educational system

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unequal funding that makes some schools far better than others

question

% of american adult population that is "overweight"

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~ 35.7% obese = 2/3 or 60% overweight

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-fad

answer

-an unconventional social pattern that people embrace briefly but enthusiastically

question

fashion

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social patterns favored by a large number of people

question

cult

answer

religious organizations that is largely outside a societies cultural traditions

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denomination

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a church, independent of state, that recognizes religious pluralism

question

style

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the "look"

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social movement

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organized activity where people set out to encourage or discourage social change

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rich vs. poor children -; performance discrepancies

answer

poor people do worse in school

question

institutionalized prejudice

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bias built into the operation of societies institutions

question

matrilineal

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inheriting or determining descent through the female line

question

symbolic interaction view

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sees society as the product of everyday interactions

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holistic medicine

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asserts that patients should rely on themselves-not just physicians-to ensure their health

question

margret meed's research on gender

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-she concluded that culture is the key to gender distinctions -reverse rolse of tehambali

question

demography

answer

the study of human population

question

nuclear family

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a family composed of one or two parents and their children; also known as a conjugal family

question

magnet school

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-public school w/ special programs and instruction that are not offered elsewhere in a school district -aids desegregation

question

church

answer

religious organization that is well integrated into the larger society

question

sect

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church formally linked to the state

question

social institution that provides important knowledge to its societies members

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education

question

max weber's view of protestanism

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he thought it set some religious ideas into motion and brought a wave of change that caused the industrial revolution

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global temperatures

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they are rising

question

problems from med. advances in technology in poor countries

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advances that lower death rates succeed only if they are coupled w/ programs that reduce birth rates

question

school: men vs. women

answer

young men show better math while women show better verbal

question

polygamy

answer

marriage that unites a person with two or more spouses

question

monogamy

answer

marriage that unites two partners

question

effects of increased income on college attendance

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college attendance is more common among families w/ higher incomes

question

single mothers

answer

are at high risk for poverty

question

cohabitation

answer

discourages marriage

question

marx's view on religion

answer

serves elites by legitimizing the status quo and diverting people's attention from social inequalities

question

extended family

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a family composed of parents and children as well as other kin; also known as a consanguine family

question

U.S. education

answer

focuses on practical job related information

question

assimilation

answer

the process by which minorities gradually adopt patterns of the dominant culture

question

intersection theory

answer

-analysis of the interploy of race, class, and gender -which results in multiple dimensions of disadvantage

question

how masculinity is linked to health (stress)

answer

-males are more aggressive and individualistic -3 times the risk of accidents -4 times the rate of suicides -5 times dying from homocide -more likely to die from heart disease

question

commonalities between child abusers

answer

those who were abused as children are more likely to abuse

question

most violence against women (place)

answer

home

question

year STD's rose

answer

1960

question

segregation

answer

the physical and social separation of categories of people

question

most religious in U.S.

answer

women, older people and members of sects

question

europe

answer

very low infant mortality rate

question

race

answer

a socially constructed category composed of people who share biologically transmitted traits that members of a society consider important.

question

ancestry

answer

family or ancestral descent

question

children

answer

people are waiting longer to have kids in U.S.

question

most adults claim (religion)

answer

claim protestant over catholic jew or muslim

question

77 cents thing?

answer

women make 77 cents to every dollar a man makes

question

faith

answer

belief based on conviction rather than on scientific evidence

question

advantages of culture capital parents

answer

-give children knowledge, skills and education, -improves child schooling, potential

question

world population of 2013

answer

7.1 billion

question

tracking

answer

assigning students to different types of educational programs

question

% of women working for an income

answer

60%

question

minority

answer

any category of people distinguished by physical or cultural differences that a society sets apart and subordinates

question

structural-functional approach

answer

sees society as a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability

question

durkheim's 3 functions of religion

answer

-establishing social control -promoting social control -providing meaning and purpose

question

norway

answer

highest gender equality

question

single parent family

answer

con disadvantage children

question

social conflict approach

answer

arena of inequality that generates conflict and change

question

fertility

answer

the incidence of childbearing in a countries population

question

conflict theory

answer

marxist - based social theory that argues that individuals and social classes in society have differing amounts of material and nonmaterial resources

question

% of rapes on campuses where victim knows the attacker

answer

85-90%

question

how society shapes human health

answer

-cultural patterns define health -cultural standards of health change over time -a society's technology affects people's health -social inequality affects people's health

question

# of people who suffer from poverty caused illness

answer

1 billion people

question

Alcoholics Anonymous, an organization that seeks to help alcoholics achieve a sober life, is one example of which type of social movement?

answer

redemptive social movements

question

Demographic change in the United States over the course of the last century includes a trend towards

answer

all of the above

question

Durkheim's greatest concern about modern societies focused on

answer

a rise of anomie

question

hula hoops, streaking, and pokemon cards are all examples of

answer

fads

question

social change is almost always

answer

controversial

question

the stage of a social movement called "bureaucratization" refers to

answer

developing a capable staff to keep the movement operating

question

the concept of relative deprivation

answer

people evaluate themselves by making specific comparisons

question

the concept of modernity refers to changes in social patterns brought on by which of the following

answer

the industrial revolution

question

the concept "postmodernity" refers to which of the following?

answer

societies that have entered the postindustrial era

question

which of the following is a common cause of social change?

answer

all of the above

question

According to Emile Durkheim, while traditional, rural societies were built on_____, modern urban societies are held together by _____.

answer

likeness; difference

question

as a rich nation that values consumption and convince, the U.S. can be described as

answer

a "disposable society"

question

If a nation has a sex ratio of 108, as India does, it is very likely that parents there

answer

value sons more than daughters

question

If you were studying countries with very low infant mortality, in which of the following global regions would you be most likely to look?

answer

Europe

question

in 2013 the world is home to about how many people?

answer

7 billion

question

In low-income countries, increasing opportunities available to women are likely to

answer

all of the above

question

in the U.S. the birth rate is currently

answer

at the replacement level

question

when did the world's population reach 1 billion

answer

1800

question

looking at countries around the world, what is the relationship between average income level and rate of population increase

answer

the lower the average income, the greater the population increase

question

mounting evidence suggests that the average temperature of the planet is

answer

rising

question

one region of the world has both the highest birth rate and the highest infant mortality rate. which is it??

answer

africa

question

the concept "environment deficit" refers to

answer

long-term harm to the environment caused by a short-sighted focus on material affluence

question

the concept "zero population growth" refers to the level of reproduction that

answer

maintains at a steady level

question

the demographic measure called the "sex ratio" refers to

answer

the number of males for every 100 females in the population

question

throughout most of human history, families had many children because

answer

all of the above

question

why is the gradual loss of the world's rain forests an important environmental concern

answer

rain forests are vital to maintaining the planet's biodiversity and climate

question

which of the following is evidence of the shortage of fresh water now found around the world?

answer

all of the above

question

a symbolic-interaction approach to health and medicine emphasizes

answer

the meanings people attach to health and illness

question

approximately what percentage of U.S. adults is overweight

answer

64%

question

Applying the sociological perspective, we see that the high rate of obesity in the United States reflects

answer

cultural forces that encourage people to eat large amounts of unhealthy fast food.

question

as income-level goes up among U.S. families, we find that

answer

the share of children going to college goes up

question

Community colleges are an important part of higher education in the United States because they

answer

all of the above

question

Following the social-conflict approach, patterns of health and illness are seen largely as a product of

answer

social inequality

question

In the United States, the most widespread health problem related to eating is which of the following?

answer

obesity

question

It is correct to say that the medical establishment in the United States is oriented towards which of the following?

answer

scientific medicine

question

Of all high-income nations, which country relies the most on a direct-fee market system to pay for medical treatment?

answer

the U.S.

question

one result of tracking in schools is that

answer

the students who get the best schooling are usually those who are more privileged to begin with.

question

the problem of functional illiteracy means that

answer

young people leave school without having learned basic skills

question

the functions of schooling include

answer

all of the above

question

the concept of "euthanasia" refers to

answer

assisting in the death of a person suffering from a terminal illness

question

Research shows that masculinity is linked to health because

answer

our culture's definition of masculinity encourages stress and heart disease.

question

Which of the following is a latent function of schooling?

answer

providing child-care

question

A charismatic leader is most likely to be found in which of the following?

answer

cult

question

A system of marriage that unites one woman with two or more men is called

answer

polyandry

question

According to the structural-functional approach, which of the following is counted among the tasks of the family?

answer

all of the above

question

An analysis of how religion supports the interests of a society's elites would fall under which of the following theoretical approaches?

answer

social-conflict approach

question

Based on the text, which of the following categories of people are at greatest risk for divorce

answer

young people who marry after a short courtship

question

Compared to what it was a century ago, the U.S. divorce rate is now

answer

about three times higher

question

Durkheim pointed to three functions of religion for society. Which of the following is NOT one of them?

answer

fostering social conflict

question

Faith is a way of knowing based on

answer

conviction or belief in things unseen

question

in the U.S. romantic love

answer

all of the above

question

karl marx believed that religion

answer

supports social inequality

question

Looking ahead twenty years in the United States, we can predict with confidence that

answer

family life will be diverse

question

In the United States, a recent trend involving parenting is that

answer

more adults are delaying having children or choosing to remain childless

question

Religion is a social institution that is best defined as involving

answer

beliefs and practices concerning what is sacred

question

Based on research using the social distance scale, you can correctly say that U.S. college students today

answer

all of the above

question

Conflict theory states that prejudice is

answer

a tool used by powerful people to oppress others

question

human beings are all members of

answer

a single biological species

question

in the U.S. minorities typically have less

answer

all of the above

question

In the United States during the 1930s and 1940s, the existence of the "Negro leagues," with all African-American players, is an example of

answer

segregation

question

Race refers to _____ considered important by a society; ethnicity refers to _____.

answer

biological traits; cultural traits

question

Which of the following concepts refers to a state in which racial and ethnic minorities are distinct, but have more or less equal social standing?

answer

pluralism

question

The idea that prejudice and discrimination form a vicious circle means that

answer

prejudice and discrimination reinforce each other

question

which of the following is the largest minority category within the U.S. population

answer

people of hispanic descent

question

While prejudice is a matter of _____, discrimination is a matter of _____.

answer

attitude; action

question

Institutional prejudice and discrimination refers to the fact that

answer

bias is built into the operation of social institutions

question

Scapegoat theory states that prejudice is created by

answer

frustration among disadvantaged people

question

Significant immigration of Asian Americans to the United States was first sparked by

answer

the CA gold rush in 1849

question

the U.S. is not truly pluralistic because

answer

racial and ethnic categories do not have equal social standing

question

The adoption of the English language by Mexican immigrants in the United States is an example of

answer

assimilation

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