Social Studies Unit 2 Lesson 4 The French, Dutch, and English Colonies – Flashcards
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alliance
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an agreement between nations to aid and protect one another
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burgess
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a representative to the colonial Virginia government
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charter
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a legal document giving certain rights to a person or company
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indentured servant
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a person who pledges to work for a master for a period until he or she pays off a debt, such as the cost of a voyage to a colony
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Jamestown
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in present-day Virginia, the site of the first successful English colony in the new world
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John Smith
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strict leader of the Jamestown colony
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How were the relations between the French and the Native Americans they encountered?
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friendly; they traded freely with each other
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What forts did the French establish on the North and South ends of the Mississippi River?
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Fort Detroit and Fort New Orleans
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What was the name of Peter Minuit's settlement?
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New Amsterdam
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What is Peter Minuit's settlement called now?
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New York
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ow were the relations between the Dutch and the Native Americans they encountered?
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Mostly good; they traded with the Iroquois, but the Dutch rivalry with the French caused many problems
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What was the first permanent English settlement in the New World?
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Jamestown
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What crop finally made Jamestown profitable?
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tobacco
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What English document had a great influence on the government at Jamestown?
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Magna Carta
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What were the results of Bacon's Rebellion?
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English settlers moved onto Indian lands along the frontier and indentured servitude for Africans was replaced with lifelong slavery
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How did the French, Dutch, and English colonists modify the environment in which they settled?
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The French and Dutch made mostly small settlements for hunting and trapping, but they hunted some animals to near extinction. The English set up farms, clearing away trees to make room for tobacco fields.
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How were the goals of the French, Dutch, and English colonists the same? How were they different?
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All colonists were there to make money. The French and Dutch made money through furs and trading. The English were originally looking for gold, but they found a valuable cash crop in tobacco.
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What similarities existed in the way that the three groups of European colonists interacted with the Native Americans they each encountered?
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Native Americans were generally helpful to all of the colonists, at least at first. Interaction and trade occurred with all three groups, although to varying degrees. Peaceful relations didn't last.
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What was a common theme shared by the Mayan and Aztec civilizations?
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They were both interested in astronomy.
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What was the initial reason for Columbus's journey to the New World?
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to find a sea route to Asia that would give Spain direct access to valuable products of Asia
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What impact did the Native Americans ultimately have on the rest of the world?
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Their crops influenced people's diets in many different regions around the world.
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Why might the Spanish have felt it important to train the natives of California for a "European colonial society"?
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to make it easier to govern the Indians
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What was a primary challenge faced by the Jamestown colonists during the first few years?
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They lacked knowledge about the land and how to use their environment to survive.
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why was land near water so important for French settlers?
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Settlers relied on water routes for transportation.
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What was one major similarity that Spanish, Dutch, French, and English settlements had in common relative to the relations with Native Americans?
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All believed they were superior to Native Americans.
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Which of the following were effects of Pizarro's and Cortes's defeat of Native Americans?
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inspiration for other Europeans to begin explorations and settlement. Settlement and colonization in the Southwest under Spanish rule
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The late 1400s through the early 1600s was a time of exploration and early settlement of several European colonies. Each European country had different reasons for their exploration and settlement, but all encountered Native Americans during their exploration, growth, and development. Write a paragraph that compares and contrasts the relationships of the Native Americans with the Europeans including the Spanish, French, Dutch, and English.
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ome relationships were more peaceful and mutually beneficial than others. For example, the Columbian Exchange introduced many new products and foods to people in both the Eastern and Western hemispheres. Also, the French traded weapons, kettles, cloth and other goods in exchange for beaver fur. Native Americans taught the French survival skills such as how to trap, and how to make canoes and snowshoes. The Dutch also initially had peaceful relations with Native Americans and formed alliances, agreeing to protect one another. Spanish explorers Cortes and Pizarro conquered Aztec and Inca empires. Later, Native Americans lived on Spanish settlements in the Southwestern part of the country however, they were treated poorly. In general, Europeans believed that they were superior to Native Americans. Europeans claimed lands once occupied by Native Americans, altered the land for their benefit, and in nearly all instances, large numbers of Native Americans died from diseases brought by Europeans.
