SOCIAL PROBLEMS CH. 2 (MACIONIS 4TH) – Flashcards
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A radical left solution to the problem of poverty would be
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replacing our nation's capitalist economic system.
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If you take a liberal point of view, poverty is mostly a problem that
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involves society as a whole.
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Social stratification is defined as
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a society's system of ranking categories of people in a hierarchy.
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If you wanted to study poverty in terms of race and ethnicity, you would probably use
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multicultural theory.
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In 1945, sociologists Kingsley Davis and Wilbert Moore made the claim that inequality has useful consequences for the operation of society. This claim is consistent with which type of theoretical analysis?
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structural-functional analysis
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Experts estimate that about how many people in the United States are homeless at some point during a year?
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about 1.6 million
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Karl Marx argued that in a capitalist society, a system that produced so much ended up making the majority so poor. He called this
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an internal contradiction.
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Most people in the United States who live below the poverty line are
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white.
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Former U.S. Secretary of State Colin Powell speaks as a conservative when he argues that the most effective way to prevent social problems like poverty is to
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teach children personal responsibility and hard work.
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Anthropologist Oscar Lewis referred to cultural patterns that make poverty a way of life as
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the culture of poverty.
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The educational policy of placing some children in college-bound ("academic") paths and others in job-oriented ("vocational") paths is called
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tracking.
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Which term refers to the trend by which women represent an increasing share of the U.S. poor?
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feminization of poverty
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In explaining the problem of homelessness, conservatives point to
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personal problems, such as alcohol abuse and mental illness, among the homeless.
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If you take a radical-left point of view, you see the main cause of poverty as
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the normal operation of a capitalist economy.
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Families in the top 10 percent of income earn at least
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$169,000 a year.
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Overall, the result of the 1996 federal welfare reform has been
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to decrease the number of people receiving welfare but with little change to the number of poor people.
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In approaching the problem of homelessness, liberals point to
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economic issues such as low-wage jobs and high rates of unemployment.
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As of 2010, the typical "welfare family" received about how much assistance each month?
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$400
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Sociologist Herbert Gans claimed that inequality benefits
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rich people by ensuring there is a supply of poor people willing to do almost any job, no matter how unpleasant.
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The Williams family lives in an inner-city community that is poor, cut off from the larger society, and without good schools or good-paying jobs. This family is experiencing what sociologists call
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hypersegregation.
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The study of how race, class, and gender often result in multiple dimensions of disadvantage is called
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intersection theory.
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If you were to take a conservative solution to the problem of poverty in the United States, you would focus on
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personal responsibility.
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To provide an example of a tax that is regressive rather than progressive, you would point to
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the tax on gasoline.
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A person who claims that government welfare assistance creates dependency is probably
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a conservative.
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Radicals on the left agree with liberals that poverty is
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a societal issue.
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Jonas lives in a region of the United States with a very high poverty rate. He probably lives in
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the Southwest, near the Mexican border
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The term infant mortality refers to the risk of death
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during the first year of life.
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Poverty involves not only a lack of money; it also can mean a lack of skills, values, attitudes, and schooling, which together are called
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cultural capital.
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According to which of the following political positions does the solution to poverty lie in government reforms, such as increasing the minimum wage and raising tax rates on the wealthy?
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liberal
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Which concept is used by the U.S. government for the purpose of counting the poor?
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poverty line
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William Ryan's "blaming the victim" thesis states that many people believe the cause of poverty is found in
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the poor themselves.