Social Problems 6th Edition by John Macionis Ch. 1 studying soc. problems
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What is the systematic study of human societies?
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sociology
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a point of view that highlights how society affects the experiences we have and the choices we make. C Wright Mills used this.
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sociological imagination
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a way of life including wide spread values, beliefs, and behavior(what people do everyday)
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culture
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people who live within some territory and share many patterns of behavior
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society
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Learning about sociology and using the sociological imagination gives us power to make change. Many personal troubles people face are social issues. It helps see truths and encourages us to play a part in shaping our nation. Using the sociological imagination transforms personal troubles into social issues by showing these issues affect countless people like us. Joining with others, we can improve our lives and break free of traps as we set out to change a society.
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Benefits of learning about sociology and using the sociological imagination.
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a condition that undermines the well being of some or all members of society. Usually public controversy. Social problems vary over time.
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social problems
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social problems arise as people define conditions undesirable or in need of change.
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social constructionist approach
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process of convincing the public that a particular issue should be defined as a social problem. Ex. (MADD)
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claims making
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organizers effort at claims making that tries to shape the way people think about an issue to encourage/discourage change.
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Social movement
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Emergence: initial claim Coalescence: claim publicized Formalization: recognized as political debate. Decline: public interest declines.
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4 Stages of social movements
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1.social problems result from ways our society operates. 2. not caused by bad people. 3. socially constructed as people define a condition as harmfuland in need of change. 4. people see problems differently. 5. problems vary over time 6. social problems are interrrelated.
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8 assertions of social problems
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statement of how/why specific facts are related.
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Theory
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a basic image of society that guides thinking and research.
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Theoretical approach
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intended , intentional to improve
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Manifest
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unintended, derailed by pregnancy, poor health, military,
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Latent
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theoretical framework that sees society as a system of many interrrelated parts. every part needs to work together to function
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Structural function approach
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main part of this system is tonmeet basic human needs. education, family, religion.
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social institutions
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august comte emile durkheim herbert spencer
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structural functionist theorists
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sees society as divided by inequality and conflict. society divided into have and have nots. socially marginalized things against them. ex: women, poor, elderly, minority's
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social conflict approach
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karl marx, e b dubois harriet martineau jane adams
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social conflict theorists
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Marxism: problems and class conflict. capitalist and proletarians (working class)
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social conflict approach
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problems of racial and ethnic inequality
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multiculturalism
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a political movement that seeks social equality of women and men.
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feminism
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explains social problems in terms of mens dominance over women.
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gender conflict theory
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theoretical sees society as the product of individuals interacting with one another. observe, imitate, pos/neg reinforcement.
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symbolic interaction approach
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primary, secondary, stigma negative label
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labeling theory
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george herbert mead max weber
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symbolic interactionist theorist
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formal strategies to affect how society operates. if its legal we are more accepting or tolerant.
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social policy
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social policy tends to be shaped by exsisting cultural values.
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policy and culture
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seek to limit the scope on societal change. focus is on shortcomings of individuals not society.
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Conservatives
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favor sweeping change in society. see problems in the organization of society.
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liberals
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support policies thst go beyond reform
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radicals
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continuum representing a range of political attitudes.
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political spectrum
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political debates involving moral judgments about how people should live.
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social issues
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political debates about how a society should distribute material resources.
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economic issues
