SOCI201 Chapter 5-Social Interaction – Flashcards
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Socialization
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the process by which we internalize the attitudes, values, beliefs, and norms of our culture and develop a sense of self
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for us to embrace these attitudes, values, beliefs, and norms as OUR OWN
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Goal of socialization process
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School, peers, media, family
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4 agents of socialization
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Social structure
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the ordered relationships and patterned expectations that guide social interaction
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status
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a socially defined position in a social structure
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Master status
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social positions which dominate all other statuses
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Status set
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ALL the statuses a person has at a given time
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status inconsistency
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statuses that seem contradictory
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ascribed status
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statuses assigned to individuals without references to their abilities or efforts
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achieved status
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statuses secured through effort and ability
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Roles
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a set of expectations, rights, and duties that are attached to a particular status
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role distance
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people play a role but remain detached from it to avoid any negative aspects of the role
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Role embracement
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when a persons sense of identity is partially influenced by a role
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Role merger
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a role becomes central to a persons identity and the person literally becomes the role he or she is playing
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role set
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multiple roles that are attached to almost every status
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Role strain
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contradictory expectations and demands attached to a single role
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Role conflict
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when a person cannot fulfill the roles of one status without violating those of another
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Social networks
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the total web of an individuals relationships and group memberships
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SOcial institutions
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relatively enduring clusters of values, norms, social statuses, roles, and groups that address fundamental social needs
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Family Education Religion Government Economy
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5 major social institutions
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Social interaction
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the mutual influence of two or more people on each other's behavior
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Exchange
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our interactions with others are guide by profit motive based on norm of reciprocity
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Norm of Reciprocity
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we help and do not harm those who have helped us
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Cooperation
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Pattern of interaction where individuals, groups, and societies work together to achieve shared goals
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Competition
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both individuals and groups strive to achieve a shared goal; those striving for goals contest for them
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Conflict
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People or groups struggle to achieve a common prized object or goal
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Coercion
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people or groups are compelled to interact with each other
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Exchange Cooperation Competition Conflict Coercion
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5 Patterns of Social Interaction
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Social perception
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How we perceive others and how we re perceived by them decide on factors such s physical appearance, clothing, gestures, tone of voice, facial expressions, posture
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Stereotypes
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static and oversimplified ideas about a group or social category
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Nonverbal communication
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the body movements, gestures, and facial expressions that we use to communicate with others
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Definition of the Situation
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the idea that when people define situations as real they become real in their consequences
