SOC-210: Chapter 6 Questions
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Which of the following is true regarding race and the death row population? Select one: a. Justice on death row is not color-blind. b. Justice on death row is color-blind. c. The majority of the death row population is white in the state of Texas. d. The majority of the death row population is Asian only in Florida.
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A
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Durkheim's theory and research on deviance fall within which of the main sociological theories? Select one: a. functionalist b. symbolic interactionist c. conflict d. feminist
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A
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Which type of deviance did Becker study in his 1963 work, Outsiders: Studies in the Sociology of Deviance? Select one: a. marijuana use b. thievery c. white-collar crime d. homosexuality
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A
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A policy of imprisoning and monitoring criminal offenders for committing crimes in an effort to prevent them from committing more crimes is known as: Select one: a. specific deterrence. b. general deterrence. c. anomie. d. recidivism.
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A
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Sexual orientation was grounds for excluding immigrants into the United States until: Select one: a. 1890. b. 1940. c. 1960. d. 1990.
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D
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Which of the following crimes has the most financial impact in the United States today? Select one: a. assault b. robbery c. white-collar crime d. victimless crime
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C
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Which of the following is true regarding the current social sanctions in the United States? Select one: a. We apply only mechanical sanctions. b. We apply only organic sanctions. c. We apply neither mechanical nor organic sanctions. d. We apply both mechanical and organic sanctions.
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D
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Which of the following is a negative social label that alters a person's self-concept and identity, as well as how others treat the person? Select one: a. primary deviance b. strain c. stigma d. anomie
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C
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ccording to Durkheim's research, what is the primary reason that Protestants are more likely to kill themselves than Catholics and Jews? Select one: a. Protestantism is premised on the collective conscience. b. Protestantism is premised on the individual, which creates less social integration. c. Protestants are the poorest of religious groups. d. Protestants are the most politically oppressed of religious groups.
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B
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According to Zimbardo's Stanford Prison Experiment, good people can do terrible things depending upon their social surroundings and expectations. He calls this: Select one: a. the eyes and ears of the street. b. the Lucifer effect. c. stigmatization. d. anomie.
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B
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Which of the following statements is true regarding the current U.S. incarceration rate? Select one: a. It has remained relatively stable for the past 20 years. b. It has decreased in the past 20 years. c. It has been slowly decreasing, but only in the past 5 years. d. It is the highest in American history.
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D
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A crime such as burglary is also known as which type of deviance? Select one: a. informal deviance b. formal deviance c. secondary deviance d. social deviance
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B
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David Rosenhan (1973) sent some of his students to a psychiatric hospital saying they were "hearing voices." Each pseudo-patient was admitted and diagnosed with a mental disorder. He was illustrating ____________ theory. Select one: a. functionalist b. labeling c. strain d. differential association
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B
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From Émile Durkheim's functional perspective, deviance in a society: Select one: a. must be eliminated through radical social policies. b. is necessary for a society's survival. c. doesn't exist with enough agents of social control. d. is functional for the lower class, but not for all parts of society.
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B
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A person who desires a big mansion and perfect "American Dream" lifestyle, but sells illegal drugs to achieve this, is known by Merton as aNo: Select one: a. ritualist. b. conformist. c. rebel. d. innovator.
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D
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Modes of monitoring, examining, and regimenting individuals that are diffused throughout society, including standardized tests, are what Foucault called: Select one: a. disciplinary techniques b. total institutions c. specific deterrence d. general deterrence
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A
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Which of the following is Durkheim's primary explanation for why people commit suicide? Select one: a. They lack social integration. b. They lack anomie. c. They lack ego. d. They lack altruism.
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A
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Foucault's 1977 writings on modern punishment focus on what he calls: Select one: a. an eye for an eye. b. reforming the soul. c. restitution. d. deterrence.
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B
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According to Merton, a person who completely stops participating in society's drive to achieve its defined goals is aNo: Select one: a. ritualist. b. retreatist. c. innovator. d. rebel.
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B
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When a label is said to be "sticky" when referring to deviance, it means: Select one: a. the criminal justice system must get involved. b. the Mafia is behind the deviance. c. that it is hard to lose that label. d. that only one person at a time can be labeled.
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C
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Crime and deviance: Select one: a. are two entirely different concepts. b. can be the same or entirely different phenomena. c. are interchangeable; what is deviance is always a crime. d. tend to be one and the same; if something is a crime, it is always deviant
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B
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Punishments that attempt to restore the status quo that existed prior to the offense are known as: Select one: a. restitutive. b. rehabilitative. c. repressive. d. recidivist.
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A
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Which type of social solidarity is based upon the sameness of the individual parts and people in a society, according to Durkheim? Select one: a. anomic b. egoistic c. mechanical d. organic
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C
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Goffman (1961) called situations where "all aspects of life are conducted in the same place and under the same single authority": Select one: a. stigmas. b. differential opportunities. c. disciplinary techniques. d. total institutions.
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D
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In 1973, the governor of New York State enacted legislation mandating increased prison terms for drug possession and sale. These are still in effect and are known as: Select one: a. three strikes. b. the war on drugs. c. the Rockefeller drug laws. d. you do the line, you do the time.
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C
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Violation of laws enacted by society are also known as: Select one: a. informal deviance. b. unofficial deviance. c. crimes. d. secondary deviance.
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C
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Tracy is a woman who rejects the goals defined by society to achieve a big house and lots of money, but she still follows the means and abides by the rules. Merton would classify Tracy as aNo: Select one: a. innovator. b. retreatist. c. ritualist. d. rebel.
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C
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Which of the following decreased the murder rates in the United States in the last several decades? Select one: a. better medical care b. better social control of juveniles c. more stringent gun control d. more social cohesion across racial groups
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A
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Within organic solidarity, what response to deviance is designed to transform the offender into a productive member of society? Select one: a. restitutive b. rehabilitative c. repressive d. recidivist
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B
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Which theory developed by Cloward and Ohlin (1960) explains that street crime rises and falls in relation to the availability of legitimate economic opportunities? Select one: a. differential opportunity theory b. strain theory c. deterrence theory d. broken windows theory
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A
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A policy of imprisoning and monitoring criminal offenders for committing crimes in an effort to prevent them from committing more crimes is known as: Select one: a. specific deterrence. b. general deterrence. c. anomie. d. recidivism.
answer
A
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A person who desires a big mansion and perfect "American Dream" lifestyle, but sells illegal drugs to achieve this, is known by Merton as aNo: Select one: a. ritualist. b. conformist. c. rebel. d. innovator.
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D
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According to Merton, a person who rejects both society's defined goals and the means to achieve them, but also wants to change and replace them with others, is know as aNo: Select one: a. ritualist. b. retreatist. c. innovator. d. rebel.
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D
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A factory worker wins ten million dollars in the lottery. He doesn't know what to do with his good fortune, so he commits suicide. Durkheim would say he has committed ____________ type of suicide. Select one: a. psychotic b. fatalistic c. egoistic d. anomic
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D
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Illegal drug dealing is an example of which of the following types of crimes, as defined by sociologists? Select one: a. white-collar crimes b. street crimes c. violations d. misdemeanors
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B
