question

Which statement is MOST true?

answer

In spite of the vast amount of knowledge sexologists have learned, many questions about human sexual behavior remain unanswered.

question

All of the following are goals of sexologists EXCEPT:

answer

promoting sexual behavior

question

The role of sexology is to:

answer

test assumptions abou sexuality in a scientific way

question

Which of the following goals of sexology is MOST difficult to comprehend?

answer

controlling sexual behavior

question

A science writer hears of a 35-year-old male who lost his penis at circumcision. He interviews all the family members, reads medical records, and writes a book about the topic. This is MOST likely an example of which of the following?

answer

sexology

question

The pioneering work of Alfred Kinsey took place only in the late:

answer

1940s and early 1950s

question

The survey method:

answer

can be done with the use of technology such as computers

question

In which type of research is a representative sample of people asked to answer questions about their sexual attitudes or behaviors by means of questionnaires or interviews?

answer

survey

question

Most of our scientific information about human sexuality has been obtained through:

answer

surveys

question

Which research method would be MOST appropriate for investigating the relationship between the religious beliefs of Americans and their attitudes toward sex education in the schools?

answer

survey

question

Which of the following is a method used to conduct surveys?

answer

all of the above

question

An advantage of the direct observation method is that:

answer

it essentially eliminates the possibility of data falsification by research subjects

question

What is a disadvantage of the direct observational method of research?

answer

The subjects' behaviors may be influenced by the presence of an observer.

question

Direct observation is a reliable method for studying sexuality because the possibility of _________ is greatly reduced.

answer

data falsification

question

Which of the following would be the most cost-effective method for conducting a survey?

answer

questionnaires

question

In a(n) _______ sample, subgroups are represented according to their incidence in the larger population.

answer

representative

question

A representative sample is also known as a:

answer

probability sample

question

The results of the National Health and Social Life Survey reflect an American people who are:

answer

more sexually conservative than was widely believed

question

In order to learn about the sexual attitudes and behaviors of all the students attending Cleveland High School, Professor Brewer randomly selected and surveyed 50 of the students. In this case, all of the students attending the high school are the:

answer

target population

question

In order to generalize accurately, it is important to survey a ______ sample of cases.

answer

representative

question

In written or oral surveys, a relatively small group, called the _________, is used to draw conclusions about a larger group, called the _________.

answer

representative sample; target population

question

Which of the following is an advantage of using questionnaires instead of interviews?

answer

They are usually anonymous

question

Questionnaires and interviews:

answer

have all of the above characteristics

question

Interviews have an advantage over questionnaires in that:

answer

the interviewer can clarify confusion questions.

question

Which of the following is an advantage of using interviews instead of questionnaires?

answer

They provide opportunities for flexibility

question

Assume that you wanted to research a sensitive subject and that you planned to have a fairly large sample size. Helping the respondents to feel at ease as well as giving them an opportunity to elaborate on their answers is crucial. Adequate funding for your study is not a problem. Which of the following research methods would BEST suit your needs?

answer

survey by interview

question

One of the problems with sex survey research is ___________, which occurs when a person refuses to participate in a study.

answer

nonresponse

question

The degree to which research data may be biased as a result of the differences in the people who volunteer to participate in a study, as opposed to those who do not, is called:

answer

self-selection

question

Several studies indicate that volunteers for sex research tend to:

answer

be more sexually experienced than non-volunteers

question

Research (Boynton, 2003; Plaud et al., 1999) suggests that:

answer

female sex research samples may be more influenced by volunteer bias than male samples.

question

Studies suggest that all of the following are characteristics of persons who volunteer for sex research EXCEPT:

answer

college students are more willing to volunteer

question

A local radio talk show host asks his listeners to call in and report how frequently they engage in sexual intercourse. Which of the following BEST describes the validity of this information?

answer

Because this sample is not representative of the community, it will not be valid

question

Data for the National Survey of Sexual Health and Behavior (NSSHB) were collected via:

answer

the Internet

question

The fact that the majority of participants in sex research have been white, middle-class volunteers illustrates the problem of:

answer

demographic bias.

question

You are conducting a large scale sex survey and want to ensure that the results are representative of the larger population. In other words, you want to minimize the problem of:

answer

demographic bias

question

Kinsey and his associates obtained their data on sexuality by means of:

answer

survey interviews

question

Who conducted the first extensive survey of American sexual behaviors?

answer

Kinsey

question

Kinsey's studies on American sexuality were pioneering but limited, because his sample included __________.

answer

a disproportionate number of better educated persons

question

Which of the following statements regarding Kinsey's research is FALSE?

answer

All of the respondents were married and age 30 or older.

question

Which of the following statements regarding Kinsey's research is TRUE?

answer

He published one report on male sexuality and another one on the female sexuality.

question

Which of the following groups was overrepresented in the Kinsey studies?

answer

educated, city-dwelling Protestants

question

Which of the following statements MOST accurately describes Kinsey's research?

answer

It described patterns of sexual behavior in men and women.

question

Which of the following studies provided one of the most expansive, nationally representative studies of sexual behavior and condom use to date?

answer

NSSHB survey

question

The National Health and Social Life Survey is considered noteworthy because:

answer

it yielded data that most social scientists believe reliably indicate the sexual practices of most American adults ages 18 to 59.

question

For which of the following is the National Health and Social Life Survey BEST known?

answer

A low level of nonresponse and good demographic balance of the survey population.

question

Many researchers consider which of the following to be the single best survey conducted of adult sexual behavior to date?

answer

The National Survey of Sexual Health and Behavior

question

Survey studies of various populations of men have indicated that exposure to sexually violent pornography may lead to all the following EXCEPT:

answer

increased arousal (as measured physiologically) in nonviolent sexual encounters

question

Evidence from some case studies suggests that at least among chronic alcoholics subjects have shown:

answer

decreased arousability and lowered sexual interest

question

Which of the following statements regarding Masters and Johnson's research is TRUE?

answer

Their final sample population consisted primarily of individuals with above average intelligence from an academic community.

question

The book Human Sexual Response was written by:

answer

Masters and Johnson

question

Masters and Johnson's research findings would be LEAST likely to be applied in:

answer

the treatment of sexually compulsive behavior.

question

If you wanted information on how men and women respond physiologically during sexual arousal and orgasm, your BEST source of information would be:

answer

Masters and Johnson

question

The National Survey of Sexual Health and Behavior (NSSHB) survey included:

answer

All of the above

question

Most information about human sexual behavior has been obtained through:

answer

surveys.

question

A kind of sampling bias in which certain segments of society (such as White, middle-class, white-collar workers) are disproportionately represented in a study population is known as

answer

demographic bias

question

A science writer hears of a 35-year-old male who lost his penis at circumcision. He interviews all family members, reads medical records, and writes a book about the topic. This is MOST likely an example of which of the following?

answer

case study

question

One specific advantage of the case study method is that it allows:

answer

for intensive study of a specific behavior

question

Which of the following research methods allows us to draw cause-and-effect relationships?

answer

experimental method

question

A direct consequence of the shift in funding sources from federal agencies to drug companies has been a(n):

answer

de-emphasis on the psychosocial aspects of human sexual functioning

question

Which of the following statements regarding case studies is FLASE?

answer

Masters and Johnson's research (Human Sexual Response) is an example of the case study method.

question

Since case study evidence demonstrates that rapists often report high exposure to sexually violent pornography, we can conclude that:

answer

there may be na association between the exposure to violent pornography and rape.

question

One disadvantage to using the experimental method for research is that:

answer

the artificiality of laboratory settings can result in bias.

question

All of the following are limitations of the case study method EXCEPT the:

answer

inflexible data-gathering procedures

question

After helping two of her psychotherapy clients deal with the impact of viewing excessive amounts of pornography in their intimate relationships, Dr. Kamari began to grossly overestimate the negative effects of viewing sexually explicit materials. Dr. Kamari should be reminded of the limits of:

answer

case studies

question

An advantage of the survey method of research is that:

answer

they are relatively inexpensive and data can be obtained from large groups of people.

question

Studies have shown that circumcision is one of the many effective strategies for reducing the spread of:

answer

HIV/AIDS

question

In the experimental method, the ________ variable is controlled by the researcher while the _________ variable is the outcome that the experimenter observes and records.

answer

independent; dependent

question

What is a major advantage of the experimental method?

answer

Control over variables that influence the behavior being studied.

question

A group of college men is exposed to films with nonviolent sexual themes. A second group is exposed to R-rated films in which men commit sexual violence against women. Several days later, all men complete an attitude questionnaire. The results demonstrate that the second group of men is more accepting of violence toward women than the first group. What is the dependent variable in this study?

answer

the subjects' responses to the questionnaire

question

In one high school, condoms are freely available. In another similar high school, students must request condoms from the school nurse. The number of pregnancies among both groups of students are compared. The dependent variable is:

answer

the number of pregnancies

question

Which of the following research methods would be MOST appropriate if you wished to examine the effects of different room temperatures on physiological sexual response?

answer

experimental research

question

A matched group of rapists and non-rapists listen to taped descriptions of sexual activity, one involving rape and the other involving consensual sexual interaction. The researcher measures the degree of penile engorgement in each group. The independent variable is:

answer

the taped descriptions

question

Which of the following research strategies would provide the MOST effective way of demonstrating that sexually violent media may cause or contribute to some rapists' assertive behaviors?

answer

the experimental method

question

One of the best and most efficient ways to manage research data is through the use of:

answer

Internet-based surveys

question

One of the major drawbacks of Internet-based research is:

answer

the risk of sample-selection bias

question

Why are privacy issues especially acute when doing sex research in cyberspace?

answer

Anonymity can never be 100% guaranteed.

question

A vaginal photoplethysmograph:

answer

measures increased vaginal blood volume

question

The penile strain gauge

answer

has been used to measure arousal in experimental research

question

A written or self-administered questionnaire (SAQ) provides an alternative survey method that can overcome some of the difficulties of an IAQ by:

answer

providing a more private and potentially less threatening means of reporting sensitive behavior

question

At present, a \"digital divide\" exists, meaning that:

answer

Internet users are still not representative of the general U.S. population

question

How many varieties of CASI technology are currently used?

answer

two

question

When an interviewer-administered questionnaire (IAQ) is used in sex research, the human element involved in a face-to-face encounter can influence the respondent to:

answer

underreport certain sensitive behaviors and to overreport more normative or socially acceptable behaviors

question

The penile strain gauge can measure:

answer

changes in penis size

question

One drawback of the self-administered questionnaire (SAQ) is that:

answer

it may be affected by the reading ability or literacy of the respondents

question

One limiting factor of using Internet-based research is that:

answer

it is vulnerable to sample-selection bias

question

Surveys administered over the Internet may be especially useful because:

answer

participants can be recruited from distant places

question

If deception must be used, a post experiment debriefing must thoroughly explain to participants

answer

why the deception was necessary

question

An extreme example of violating ethical guidelines occurred in the 1940s when U.S. researchers deliberately injected thousands of Guatemalans with sexually transmitted infections (STIs) such as:

answer

gonorrhea and syphillis

question

Between 1946 and 1948, U.S. government researchers experimented without consent on more than 5,000 Guatemalan soldiers, prisoners, prostitutes, orphans, and people with:

answer

psychiatric disorders

question

Ethical guidelines for doing sex research with humans require which of the following?

answer

All of the above are true

question

Which of the following criteria would be MOST useful in evaluating a particular piece of research?

answer

Find out if other research confirms or contradicts the study in question.

question

Knowing and evaluating a researcher's background and credentials is helpful in trying to decide whether or not:

answer

all of the above

Sexuality Chapter 2 Test

Unlock all answers in this set

Haven't found what you were looking for?

Search for samples, answers to your questions and flashcards