Semester Exam – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
| Chemistry |
answer
| the study of matter and the changes it goes through. |
question
| Intensive Properties |
answer
| property does not depend on amount of substance (boiling point, magnetic, color) |
question
| Extensice Properties |
answer
| property that does depend on amount of substance (mass, volume) |
question
| Physical Property |
answer
| property observed without changing the identity of substance |
question
| Chemical Property |
answer
| properties observed as a chemical change occurs. |
question
| Chemical Change |
answer
| new substance forms Reactants ------> Products |
question
| Law of Conservation of Mass/Matter |
answer
| matter cannot be created nor destroyed through ordinary chemical reactions. |
question
| Physical Changes |
answer
| no new substance forms in the change |
question
| Compound |
answer
| 2 or more elements chemically bonded. |
question
| Evaporation |
answer
| liquid --> gas (surface only) |
question
| Boiling |
answer
| liquid --> gas (throughout the solution) |
question
| Condensation |
answer
| gas --> liquid |
question
| Freezing/Solidification |
answer
| liquid --> solid |
question
| Melting |
answer
| solid --> liquid |
question
| Sublimation |
answer
| solid --> gas |
question
| Deposition |
answer
| gas --> solid |
question
| Pure Substance |
answer
| substance with a fixed composition and same properties throughout. |
question
| Mixture |
answer
| physical combination of substances. |
question
| Element |
answer
| simplest pure substance. |
question
| Atom |
answer
| smallest partical of an element that retains the properties of it. |
question
| Molecule |
answer
| smallest partical of a compound that retains the properties of it. |
question
| Heterogeneous |
answer
| a mixture with different properties throughout. |
question
| Homogeneous |
answer
| a mixture with the same properties throughout. |
question
| Columns on the Periodic Table |
answer
| Vertical (family, group) IA - VIIIA : # of valence electrons (outer shell) & have similar chemical properties. |
question
| Rows on the Periodic Table |
answer
| horozontal (periods) 1 - 7 : not chemically similar. but there are trends across. |
question
| Alkali Metals |
answer
| IA |
question
| Alkaline Earth Metals |
answer
| IIA |
question
| Boron Family |
answer
| IIIA |
question
| Carbon Family |
answer
| IVA |
question
| Nitrogen Family |
answer
| VA |
question
| Oxygen Family |
answer
| VIA |
question
| Halogens Family |
answer
| VIIA |
question
| Noble Gas Family |
answer
| VIIIA |
question
| Metals |
answer
| good conductors malleable ductile luster |
question
| Nonmetals |
answer
| poor conductors insulators dull brittle |
question
| Exothermic |
answer
| energy is released g -> l -> s |
question
| Endothermic |
answer
| energy is absorbed s -> l -> g |
question
| Quantum Numbers |
answer
| n - # of shells - row - n=1-7 |
question
| Azimuthal # Angular Momentum |
answer
| l - sub level s=0 p=1 d=2 f=3 |
question
| Magnetic # |
answer
| m-orientation in space m=1 _ _ _ m=2 _ _ _ _ _ m=3 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ |
question
| Electromagnetic Radiation |
answer
| all forms of energy traveling through space as a wave. |
question
| EMR Spectrum |
answer
| gamma x-rays UV Visible Light (VIBGYOR) Infared Microwave Radio |
question
| Wavelength |
answer
| distance from crest to crest |
question
| Frequency |
answer
| # of waves to pass a point in one second (1/sec, Hertz[Hz]) |
question
| Aufbau Principle |
answer
| electrons fill regions of lowest energy first |
question
| Hund's Rule |
answer
| each equal orbital recieves one e- before any recieve 2 |
question
| Pauli Exclusion Principle |
answer
| electrons in the same orbital will have opposite spin e- will not hae the same 4 quantum #s |
question
| Cation |
answer
| Oxidation Reducing agent |
question
| Anion |
answer
| Reduction Oxidizing agent |
question
| Electronegativity |
answer
| Ability to attract e- Increases as it gets closers to F |
question
| Nonpolar covalent electronegativity |
answer
| 0>0.3 |
question
| Polar covalent Electronegativity |
answer
| 0.3>1.7 |
question
| Ionic Electronegativity |
answer
| anything greater than or equal to 1.7 |
question
| Ionization energy |
answer
| Energy needed to remove an e- Increases the closer it gets to F |
question
| Atomic radius |
answer
| Increases the farther it gets from F |
question
| Leo says ger |
answer
| Loss of e- : oxidation Gain of e- : reduction |
question
| E=hV |
answer
| E is energy h is plank's constant 6.626x10^-34 Jsec V is frequency |
question
| C=?V |
answer
| C is speed of light 3.00x10^8 m/s ? is wavelength V is frequency |
question
| Synthesis RXN |
answer
| 2-->1 |
question
| Decomposition RXN |
answer
| 1-->2 |
question
| Single displacement RXN |
answer
| One switches (activity series) |
question
| Double displacement RXN |
answer
| 2 switch (water, precipitate) |
question
| Combustion RXN |
answer
| + O2 and creates CO2 and H2O |
