Science studying the sun
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Radio telescopes measure the galaxy's distribution of
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Hydrogen from which stars are formed
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What advantage dospace telescopes have over Earth-based telescopes?
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They do not have interference from the atmosphere which backs UV radiation, x-rays, and gamma-rays.
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The Chandra X-Ray Observatory is used to study _____ _____ and produces
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Black holes, images of x-Rays
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The visible surface of the sun
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Photosphere
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Streams of electrons and protons that shoot out from the sun's corona are called solar
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Wind
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Sunspots appear as darker areas on the sun's surface because they are
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Cooler than the rest of the surface
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What are some effects of solar flares on Earth?
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Auroras and blackouts
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When the sun produces energy, it consumes hydrogen and produces
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Helium
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The sun can continue to exist in its present stable state for about another
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5.5 billion years
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What type of visible light has the longest wavelength
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Red
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A stars spectrum can tell astronomers
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The stars chemical makeup
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Which type of spectrum does the radiation from most stars produce
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Continuous spectrum
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What does the Doppler effect tell astronomers about a star
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Whether a star is moving toward or away from earth
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A typical incandescent light bulb produces a
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Continuous spectrum
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What does a refracting telescope use to produce an image
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A lens
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What does a reflecting telescope use to produce an image
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A mirror
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What type of telescope are most large optical telescopes
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Reflecting telescope
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What do radio telescopes use to gather and focus radio waves
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A huge dish
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Electromagnetic radiation travels at the speed of
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Light
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Light sometimes acts like a stream of particles called
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Photons
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The study of the properties of light that depend on wavelength is called
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Spectrography
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Who is considered the first astronomer to have used telescopes for astronomical observations
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Galileo
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Chromatic aberration is an optical defect of
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Refracting telescopes
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What was the first telescope in space called and what does it collect
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The Hubble Space Telescope and it collects visible light, UV radiation, and infrared radiation.
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The grainy appearance of the sun's surface is due to moving columns of gases called
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Convection currents
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The halo-like area around the sun's disk that is visible on Earth during a total solar eclipse is the
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Corona
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Energy is transmitted inside the sun through the processes of
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Convection and radiation
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The sun's energy is created in the area in and around its
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Core
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The sun's atmosphere consists of the corona and the
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Chromosphere
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The number of sunspots increase and decrease in a cycle of
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10-11 years
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When something is moving away its wavelengths have lower frequencies.
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Red-shift
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When something is moving toward its wavelengths have higher frequencies.
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Blue-shift
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List the electromagnetic spectrum from lowest frequency wavelength to highest
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Radio, microwave, infrared, visible (red, orange, yellow, green, blue, violet), ultraviolet, x-Ray, and gama ray
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Produced by an incandescent solid, liquid, or gas under high pressure. It consists of an uninterrupted band of color -indicates the temperature of an object - energy of all wavelengths
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Continuous spectrum
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Produce when a white light passes through a relatively cool gas under low pressure. It appears to be continuous but has a series of dark lines running through it
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Absorption spectrum
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Produce by a hot gas under low pressure. It's a series of bright lines of particular wavelengths, depending on the gas that produces them. Used in the study of stars and is helpful when identifying the chemical composition of a star. The spectral lines produced create a "chemical fingerprint" based on spectral lines
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Emission spectrum
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Breaks light into colors and forms a spectrum, each element forms its own specific spectrum (like a fingerprint) most telescopes are equipped with one, can be used to determine chemical composition, movement of objects in space, and temperature of stars.
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Spectrograph
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How the Doppler effect is applied to the motion of stars in space
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The Doppler effect determines whether an object is approaching(blue shift) or going away n space(red shift)
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Two convex lenses used to gather and focus light onto a small area
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Refracting telescope
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Type of distortion in which there is a failure of a lens to focus all colors to the same convergence point
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Chromatic aberration
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Mirror, instead of an objective lens, used to collect and focus light onto a small area
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Reflecting telescope
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First person to use a reflecting telescope and when
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Issac Newton, 1668
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First person to use a refracting telescope and when
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Galileo, 1609
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Structure of the sun (inside-outside)
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Core, radiative zone, convective zone, photosphere, and chromosphere
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Structure of the sun (extra stuff)
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Corona, sunspots, granules, and prominences
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How does the sun produce energy
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Nuclear fusion
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Pressure and gravity force hydrogen atoms together at the center. This fusion creates 2 hydrogen atoms producing a helium atom and in the process gives off a photon of light.
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Nuclear fusion
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How do you determine what an element is
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Number of protons
