science ch.9 lesson 1,2, – Flashcards
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What is a symbiotic relationship in which one organism feeds on and usually lives on or in another, harming the host?
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parasatism
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what is a fossil fuel?
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a energy source formed from the decayed remains of ancient plants and other organisms.
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what are some examples of fossil fuels?
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coal, oil and natural gas
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where did coal come from?
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millions of years ago in swampy regions where fern like plants grew
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how did coal form?
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the remains of ancient swamp vegitation over time.
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where does oil & natural gas come from?
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it is formed from algae and other organisms that have died - over millions of years ago.
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the decayed material eventually forms ___ and ___.
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liquid and gas
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why does oil and natural gas move up wards after they formed?
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oil and natural gas once formed move upward because they are less dence then the rock surronding them. they became trapped by rock that is too thick to pass through.
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where is fossil fuels burned?
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in cars, power plants, homes, and factories
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what is pollution?
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harmful waste products, chemicals, and substances found in the enviroment.
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how many people died because of air pollution?
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60,000
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what is acid rain?
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a product when gases released by burning oil and coal mix with water in the air to form acidic rain or snow.
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what is a nonrenewable source?
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resources that cannot be replaced by natural processes in less then 100 years.
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are fossil fuels nonrenewable?
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yes, that means humans can run out of these important resources of energy someday.
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what is a renewable resource?
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energy that can be recycled or replaced.
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what uses energy from the sun?
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solar energy
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what changes light into electicity?
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solar cells
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one hour of energy reaches earth can last for how long?
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one year
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what uses windmills?
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wind energy
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what is a wind farm?
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many windmills in one area
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what is hydroelectric power?
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using moving water
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what are two sources of moving water?
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natural waterfalls and concrete dams
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what are some disadvantages of hydroelectric power?
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it increases eroison downstream, wildlife habitats disturbed, and some places not near flowing water
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what is geothermal energy?
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it is when you use the magma and hot rock beneath Earth's surface.
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when magma close to Earth's surface what happens?
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geysers erupt
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what is nuclear energy?
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produced by splitting nuclei of certain elements
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what is another name for the splitting procces?
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fission
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how long can coal last?
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200-300 years
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how many years does oil last?
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30-40 years
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what are the 4 renewable resources?
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sun, wind, water, and geohtermal energy
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does energy from the sun cause pollution?
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NO
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are many alternative sources of energy renewable or nonrenewable?
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renewable
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how do we use wind?
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by sailing, flying kites, and when we use windmills.
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who uses niagra falls fro hydrolelecrtic power?
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Canada and eastern North America
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what are some disadvantages of dams?
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it starts sediment, erosion, land is flooded, and habitats disturbed
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what are some disadvantages of geothermal energy?
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it releases salty water at earth's surface which causes plants and animals to get hurt, only a few places have magma, it is hard and expensive to drill for magma.
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what is the most recent found fuel in nuclear power plants?
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uranium
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what can nuclear energy cause?
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cancer, or have other harmfull effects on living things
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how many years will the nuclear waste remain radioactive?
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for more than 10,000
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worldwide how many countries use nuclear energy to generate electricity?
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30 years
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what percent of the world's energy is supplied by fossil fuels?
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90 percent
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what percent of Earth is covered by water?
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70 percent
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all living things need what kind of water to survive?
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clean water
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what two things help shape Earth's surface?
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erosion and deposition
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what continually moves water?
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the water cycle
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how much of Earth's water is salt water?
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97 percent
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what is groundwater?
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water that soaks into the ground and collects in small spaces inbetween bits of soil and rock
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in the U.S. how much groundwater provides us public water supply?
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40 percent
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where does surface water come from?
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fishing, swimming, cooking, and bathing
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what is water pollution?
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harmful debris, chemicals, or biological materials added to water
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what is a point source pollution?
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some pollution comes from a single, identifiable source
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what is a nonpoitn source of pollution?
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a source of pollution that can't be traced back to an exect location
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is land a renewable resource?
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YES
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before building, what do the people have to look for?
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indangered plants or animals, the soil is right, and if it will effect the water
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what affect do trees have on us?
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they make oxygen and carbonyhrates
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what can carbon dioxide?
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global worming
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what is global worming?
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a rise in tempurture around the world
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what is conservation?
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the careful use of resources with the goal of resucing damage to the enviroment
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is a tree a nonrenewable resource or a renewable resource?
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renewable resource
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why are forests a nonrenewable resource?
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they are a complex ecosystem that supports countries living things
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what is another source that is obtained by land?
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minerals
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hwta is an ore?
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a mineral resource that can be mined at a profit
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This is vital to earth
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Water
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The earth is cover by what amount of water
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70%
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What percentage of the earth is land
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30%
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What are the two major sources of water used for the public water supply?
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Ground water and water found on the earth's surface
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How many laws are there to reduce water pollution?
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2
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What are the two laws that help reduce water pollution?
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Safe Drinking Water Act and The Clean Water Act
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What does the Safe Drinking Water Act do?
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ensures safe drinking water
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What does the Clean Water Act do?
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gives states money to build water treatment plants
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Is land a renewable resource?
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YES
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The amount of land is ____________?
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limited
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What are things that people must do use the land wisely?
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(1) preserve natural habitats and reduce soil erosion.
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what are the three uses of land?
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Land, forests, minerals
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What a re some things people must do when they use land?
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Preserve natural habitat and reduce soil
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What is an important product from the forest?
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wood
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What is it called when there is a careful use of resource to reduce environmental damage?
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conservation
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What is it called when you limit the number of trees in one area are cut down and replaced?
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Select cutting
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What is it called when all the trees in one area are cut down and replaced?
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clear cutting
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This is a renewable resource that can be replenished by planting a tree?
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Tree
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This is a renewable resource of a complex ecosystem?
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Forest
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These are land resources found in rocks?
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minerals
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This is a mineral at a profit?
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ore
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Where is ore founded?
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under the earth surface
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What is an example of a metal?
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Iron
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What is iron?
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a type of metal
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What is the process used to reach ore?
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Mining
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What does mining do?
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It moves large qualities of soil and rock
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What negative effects does mining have?
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It affects the enviroment
