Question 1

If having dimples is dominant (D) and not having dimples is recessive (d), which of the following correctly describes the phenotypes in the table

Accepted Answer

three w/ dimples, one w/o

Question 2

__________ refers to the ability of an individual to survive and reproduce, whereas __________ is any inherited characteristic that increases one\'s chance of survival

Accepted Answer

fitness adaptation

Question 3

Developmental psychology is the field that primarily studies how humans grow and develop

Accepted Answer

true

Question 4

Which of the following best explains how music influences behavior

Accepted Answer

can\'t be blamed for violent behavior

Question 5

Researchers use all of the following to study the impact of heredity on behavior except __________ studies

Accepted Answer

peer

Question 6

John B. Watson illustrated how nature influences behavior by conditioning an infant to fear a white rat

Accepted Answer

false

Question 7

Susan has made some friends at her new high school who offer her cigarettes during their lunch break. She does not want to smoke but does so in order to fit in.

Accepted Answer

peer pressure

Question 8

A Punnett square is used to determine the __________.

Accepted Answer

probable outcome of genetic cross

Question 9

People from the same family share the same genetic code

Accepted Answer

false

Question 10

Environmental influences begin at birth and continue throughout life

Accepted Answer

false

Question 11

Research has shown that men are more likely than women to develop Parkinson\'s if they are exposed to some environmental factors like pesticides and industrial chemicals

Accepted Answer

true

Question 12

Which theorist conducted an experiment in which a rat was conditioned to press a bar in order to receive a reward, illustrating how nurture influences behavior

Accepted Answer

BF Skinner

Question 13

If the ability to roll one\'s tongue is dominant (R) and the inability to roll one\'s tongue is recessive (r), what would the genotype be for someone who can not roll their tongue

Accepted Answer

rr

Question 14

The Human Genome Project was an international project aimed at mapping and sequencing all of the genes in human DNA

Accepted Answer

true

Question 15

The majority of human traits are polygenic, which means they are __________

Accepted Answer

influenced by multiple genes

Question 16

Anxious-ambivalent children tend to be disorganized when exploring their surroundings

Accepted Answer

false

Question 17

Erik Erikson\'s theory of psychosocial development emphasizes that development occurs by overcoming an emotional crisis in each of the eight stages of one\'s lifetime

Accepted Answer

true

Question 18

Babies who are considered slow-to-warm-up tend react to stimulation with negative emotions

Accepted Answer

false

Question 19

Which of the following is not a parenting style

Accepted Answer

disorganized

Question 20

Harry Harlow\'s experiment concluded that contact comfort was an important factor in determining attachment

Accepted Answer

true

Question 21

According to Erikson\'s __________ stage of psychosocial development, children learn to trust and eventually form a close attachment to those who fills their needs

Accepted Answer

trust v mistrust

Question 22

The crisis in Erikson\'s identity versus role confusion stage of psychosocial development is that the individual must __________

Accepted Answer

realize what they want to be

Question 23

Authoritative parents expect obedience without question from their children

Accepted Answer

false

Question 24

When Marc was an infant, he did not adapt well to change, but as a preadolescent, he will eventually accept changes if they are introduced gradually. Marc is most likely __________

Accepted Answer

slow to warm up

Question 25

Children of permissive parenting have a tendency to be __________

Accepted Answer

aggressive, immature, and perform poorly in school

Question 26

Concept formation is the ability to categorize information that aids in cognitive development

Accepted Answer

true

Question 27

In which of Piaget\'s stages does a child begin to pretend and ask questions

Accepted Answer

preoperational

Question 28

Object permanence is formed near the end of the preoperational stage of development

Accepted Answer

false

Question 29

__________ who have been raised apart are typically more similar in intelligence level than biological siblings raised together because they have been born with the same genetic code

Accepted Answer

identical twins

Question 30

Adolescents in the formal operational stage typically have unrealistic or impractical solutions to solving world issues

Accepted Answer

true

Question 31

Vygotsky believed that scaffolding limited communication between the teacher and the learner

Accepted Answer

false

Question 32

Due to the brain\'s plasticity, experiences during childhood have a strong impact on who we become

Accepted Answer

true

Question 33

Hereditary factors that influence cognitive development consist of __________

Accepted Answer

genetically transmitted characteristics inherited from one\'s parents

Question 34

which of the following is an example of scaffolding

Accepted Answer

showing a learner how to correct common mistakes

Question 35

Which of the following is not a reason childhood friendships are important to development

Accepted Answer

Friends are a child\'s first chance in learning how to be social with siblings

Question 36

__________ is when one relates similar objects to schemas one is already familiar with.

Accepted Answer

assimilation

Question 37

In which of Piaget\'s stages would a child be if the child has just developed object permanence

Accepted Answer

sensorimotor

Question 38

Which of the following is not an example of scaffolding

Accepted Answer

asking the learner to begin working on a problem

Question 39

Which of the following is not one of the four basic principles underlying the Vygotskian framework

Accepted Answer

Growth is independent of cultural skills

Question 40

Schemas are mental pictures that are formed as a result of one\'s experiences

Accepted Answer

true

Question 41

Which of the following statements concerning moral development is not true

Accepted Answer

What is determined as right or wrong is universally defined and agreed upon

Question 42

Lawrence Kohlberg theory of moral reasoning consists of __________ levels of moral development and __________ stages

Accepted Answer

three six

Question 43

After watching the morning news, roommates Kelly and Rob argued about whether or not a man on trial should have been sentenced to prison for robbing goods and giving to those on welfare. Rob argued that the man should not have been convicted because he broke the law for a good cause while Kelly argued that the man should be convicted because it is against the law to steal so the man\'s behavior was wrong

Accepted Answer

Rob is at a higher level of moral reasoning than Kelly

Question 44

Which of the following is a criticism of Kohlberg\'s theory of moral reasoning

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that moral development may differ across cultures

Question 45

Kohlberg believed people shift back and forth between the six schemas in his three levels of moral reasoning, depending on the circumstance and the person\'s current level of cognitive development

Accepted Answer

false

Question 46

Lawrence Kohlberg\'s research involved __________ of different ages and basing his theory on their reactions and responses

Accepted Answer

posing hypothetical moral dilemmas to individuals

Question 47

Which stage of Kohlberg\'s theory of moral reasoning is based on one\'s personal code of ethics

Accepted Answer

postconventional

Question 48

The __________ approach to moral development consists of identifying different ways one can behave in situations that will benefit oneself without harming others

Accepted Answer

utilitarian

Question 49

Lawrence Kohlberg believed an individual\'s moral behavior was an outcome of one\'s current stage of cognitive development

Accepted Answer

true

Question 50

One who believes that wrong behavior is the behaviors that are punished is in the ___________ of moral reasoning

Accepted Answer

preconventional

Question 51

Marley and Soncy witnessed their classmate, Josh, get into trouble by their fourth grade teacher. Marley claimed that Josh\'s behavior was wrong because he hurt another student and Soncy claimed that Josh\'s behavior was wrong because he broke the class rules

Accepted Answer

Soncy is at a higher level of moral reasoning than Marley

Question 52

Individuals in the postconventional level emphasize behaving in a manner that will not cause them to be criticized by authority figures

Accepted Answer

false

Question 53

The __________ stage of Kohlberg\'s postconventional level focuses on making judgments based on what best protects individual

Accepted Answer

social contract

Question 54

Which of the following statments does not represent the relationship between culture and one\'s moral reasoning

Accepted Answer

Cultures generally differ in what behaviors are considered appropriate

Question 55

the majority of human traits are this. combination of genes, Height, Eye color, and Skin tone. Environmental factors can affect how a trait is expressed

Accepted Answer

polygenic

Question 56

used to determine the probability and possible outcomes of a genetic cross. Allows one to see what traits may be inherited

Accepted Answer

punnett square

Question 57

gene is expressed each time it is present

Accepted Answer

dominate characteristic

Question 58

Gene is expressed only when paired with another recessive gene

Accepted Answer

recessive characteristic

Question 59

nature refers to it. predisposes one to certain physical attributes and behavior. Makes an individual unique. Eye color, hair color, and skin ton

Accepted Answer

impact of heredity on behavior

Question 60

field that studies human development throughout the lifespan. Focus- studies how heredity and environment influence human development and how it changes throughout the lifespan

Accepted Answer

Developmental Psychology

Question 61

birth to one year. Child will most likely struggle with the idea of whether or not to trust others. Healthy resolution should lead to a trusting and optimistic personality. Inadequate resolution can lead to a mistrusting, anxious, and pessimistic personality Erikson

Accepted Answer

trust v mistrust

Question 62

two and three years of age. Child will most likely struggle with establishing sense of independence and responsibility. Healthy resolution should lead to a sense of self-sufficiency. Inadequate resolution can lead to a sense of shame or self-doubt and low self-worth Erikson

Accepted Answer

Autonomy v Shame and Doubt

Question 63

three to six years of age. Child will most likely struggle with establishing sens of control over behavior. Healthy resolution should lead one to establish sense of self-confidence while respecting rights of others. Inadequate resolution can lead to feelings of guilt and low self-esteem Erikson

Accepted Answer

Initiative v Guilt

Question 64

age six through puberty. Child will most likely struggle with establishing effective social skills. Healthy resolution should lead to a sense of accomplishment and social competence. Inadequate resolution can lead to feelings of inferiority or failure. Erikson

Accepted Answer

Industry v Inferiority

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