Psychology Unit 13 – Flashcards

treatment involving psychological techniques; consists of interactions between a trained therapist and someone seeking to overcome psychological difficulties or achieve personal growth.

prescribed medications or procedures that act directly on the person's physiology

an approach to psychotherapy that, depending on the client's problems, uses techniques from various forms of therapy

Sigmund Freud's therapeutic technique. Freud believed the patient's free associations, resistances, dreams, and transferences-- and the therapist's interpretations of them-- released previously repressed feelings, allowing the patient to gain self-insight.

in psychoanalysis, the blocking from consciousness of anxiety-laden material.

in psychoanalysis, the analyst's noting supposed dream meanings, resistances, and other significant behaviors and events in order to promote insight

in psychoanalysis, the patient's transfer to the analyst of emotions linked with other relationships

therapy deriving from the psychoanalytic tradition that views individuals as responding to unconscious forces and childhood experiences, and that seeks to enhance self-insight

a variety of therapies which aim to improve psychological functioning by increasing the client's awareness of underlying motives and defenses

a humanistic therapy, developed by Carl Rogers, in which the therapist uses techniques such as active listening within a genuine, accepting, empathic environment to facilitate clients' growth.

empathic listening in which the listener echoes, restates, and clarifies. A feature of Rogers' client-centered therapy.

a caring, accepting, nonjudgmental attitude, which Carl Rogers believed would help clients to develop self-awareness and self-acceptance

therapy that applies learning principles to the elimination of unwanted behaviors

a behavior therapy procedure that uses classical conditioning to evoke new responses to stimuli that are triggering unwanted behaviors; includes exposure therapies and aversive conditioning

behavioral techniques, such as systematic desensitization, that treat anxieties by exposing people (in imagination or actuality) to the things they fear and avoid

a type of exposure therapy that associates a pleasant relaxed state with gradually increasing anxiety-triggering stimuli. Commonly used to treat phobias.

an anxiety treatment that progressively exposes people to simulations of their greatest fears, such as airplane flying, spiders, or public speaking

a type of counterconditioning that associates an unpleasant state (such as nausea) with an unwanted behavior (such as drinking alcohol)

an operant conditioning procedure in which people earn a token of some sort for exhibiting a desired behavior and can later exchange the tokens for various privileges or treats

therapy that teaches people new, more adaptive ways of thinking and acting; based on the assumption that thoughts intervene between events and our emotional reactions

a confrontational cognitive therapy, developed by Albert Ellis, that vigorously challenges people's illogical, self-defeating attitudes and assumptions

a popular integrative therapy that combines cognitive therapy (changing self-defeating thinking) with behavior therapy (changing behavior).

therapy conducted with groups rather than individuals, permitting therapeutic benefits from group interaction

therapy that treats the family as a system. Views an individual's unwanted behaviors as influenced by, or directed at, other family members

the tendency for extremes of unusual scores to fall back (regress) toward their average

a procedure for statistically combining the results of many different research studies

clinical decision-making that integrates the best available research with clinical expertise and patient characteristics and preferences

a bond of trust and mutual understanding between a therapist and client, who work together constructively to overcome the client's problem

the personal strength that helps most people cope with stress and recover from adversity and even trauma

the study of the effects of drugs on mind and behavior

drugs used to treat schizophrenia and other forms of severe thought disorder

drugs used to control anxiety and agitation

drugs used to treat depression, anxiety disorders, and posttraumatic stress disorder.

a biomedical therapy for severely depressed patients in which a brief electric current is sent through the brain of an anesthetized patient

the application of repeated pulses of magnetic energy to the brain; used to stimulate or suppress brain activity

surgery that removes or destroys brain tissue in an effort to change behavior

a psychosurgical procedure once used to calm uncontrollably emotional or violent patients. The procedure cut the nerves connecting the frontal lobes to the emotion-controlling centers of the inner brain

Carl Rogers developed the widely used humanistic technique he called client-centered therapy, which focuses on the person's conscious self-perceptions.