Psychology Quiz 6 Test Questions
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Participants in the Milgram Studies were ordered to _______________.
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deliver electric shocks to a learner for giving incorrect answers
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Normative social influence results from peoples' desire to ___________.
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gain social approval
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The foot-in-the-door phenomenon refers to the tendency to _____________.
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comply with a large request if one has previously complied with a small request
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According to the text, aggression always involves ______________.
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the intent to hurt
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The mere exposure effect refers to the fact that people _____________.
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experience increasing attraction to novel stimuli that become more familiar
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In explaining the actions of people we do not know well, we often demonstrate the ______________.
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fundamental attribution error
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Solomon Asch reported that individuals conformed to a group's judgment of the lengths of lines when _______________.
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the group judgement was clearly incorrect
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Social Loafing refers to the tendency for people to ____________.
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exert less effort when they are pooling their efforts toward a common goal
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Group Polarization is most likely to occur in a group which _____________.
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individuals share a similar opinion
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The ill-fated decision of President John F. Kennedy and his advisors in invade Cuba best Illustrates the dangers of _______________.
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groupthink
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The set of prescribed behaviors associated with a particular social position is best described as a (n) ____________________.
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role
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The frustration-aggression principle suggests that anger results when ____________.
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an attempt to achieve some goal is blocked
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Prejudice is best defined as ______________.
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an unjustifiable attitude toward a group and its members
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Which branch of psychology is most directly concerned with the study of how people think about, influence and relate to one another?
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social psychology
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Philip Zimbardo devised a simulated prison and randomly assigned college students to serve as prisoners or guards. This experiment best illustrated the impact of _________________.
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role-playing on attitudes
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Adjusting one's behavior or thinking toward a group standard is called _____________.
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conformity
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Prejudice is most likely to develop as a way of justifying ______________.
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social inequalities
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Deindividuation refers to __________________.
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a loss of self-awareness and self-restraint in group situations that foster arousal and anonymity
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An expectation that people will help those who depend on them is known as the __________________.
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social responsibility norm
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Culturally modeled guides for how to act in various situations are called _________________.
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social scripts
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Behaving with unselfish concern for the welfare of others is called _______________.
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altruism
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Unjustifiable and negative behavior toward a group and its members is called _____________________.
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discrimination
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According to Milgram, the most fundamental lesson to be learned from his study of obedience is that ____________________.
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even ordinary people, who are not usually hostile, can become agents of destruction
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The fundamental attribution error refers to our tendency to underestimate the impact of _____________and to overestimate the impact of _________________in explaining the behavior of others.
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situational influences; personal dispositions
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The bystander effect refers to the tendency for an observer of an emergency to withhold aid if the ____________________.
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emergency is being observed by a number of other people
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We are most likely to experience cognitive dissonance if we feel _______________.
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a great sense of responsibility for engaging in behaviors of which we personally disapprove
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The two-factor theory of emotion has been used to explain ____________.
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passionate love
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Social Facilitation refers to the tendency to _________________.
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perform well-learned tasks more effectively in the presence of others
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Three keys to an enduring companionate love include ___________,___________, and _____________.
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Equity, self-disclosure, and positive support
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Attribution theory was designed to account for _________________.
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how people explain others' behavior
