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Sigmund Freud introduced a form of psychotherapy known as

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psychoanalysis

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The beneficial consequence of a person's expecting that a treatment will be therapeutic is known as

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placebo effect

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A procedure that trains people to make new responses to stimuli that currently trigger unwanted responses is called

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counterconditioning

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Light exposure therapy was developed to relieve symptoms of

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depression

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the confirmation bias refers to the tendency to

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search for information that supports our preconceptions

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A therapist who takes an eclectic approach is one who

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uses a variety of psychological theories and therapeutic approaches

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a central therapeutic technique of psychoanalysis is

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free association

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the interpretation of dreams is most closely associated with

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psychoanalysis

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The minimum amount of stimulation a person needs to detect a stimulus 50% of the time is called the

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absolutely threshold

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A token economy represents an application of the principles of

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operant conditioning

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an important feutre of client centered therapy is

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active listening

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Research on the effectiveness of psychotherapy indicates that

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clients are generally satisfied with the effectiveness of therapy

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an axon is

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the extension of a neuron that carries messages away from the cell body

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antipsychotic drugs have proved helpful in the treatment of

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schizophrenia

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psychopharmacology involves the study of how

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drugs affect mind and behavior

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Which of the following biomedical treatments provides some of the benefits of ECT without triggering seizures or memory loss?

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repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation

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Free association involves the

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uncensored reporting of any thoughts that come to mind

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To encourage Mrs. Coleman, a withdrawn schizophrenia patient, to be more socially active, institutional staff members give her small plastic cards whenever she talks to someone. She is allowed to exchange these cards for candy and cigarettes. Staff members are making use of

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a token economy

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Which of the following are located exclusively within the brain and spinal cord?

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interneurons

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Which of the following is most likely to contribute to inflated perceptions of the effectiveness of psychotherapy?

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regression toward the mean

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Praising socially withdrawn children when they have eye contact with others and ignoring them after a temper tantrum best illustrates an application of

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cognitive therapy

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Which of the following procedures has typically resulted in patients becoming permanently lethargic

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lobotomy

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The nineteenth-century theory that bumps on the skull reveal a person's abilities and traits is called

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phrenology

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Therapy outcome studies indicate that highly religious people may prefer and benefit from

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therapists with similar religious beliefs

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Which form of therapy has most directly contributed to the sharp reduction in the number of residents in U.S. mental hospitals?

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cognitive therapy

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Repeatedly introducing people to things they fear and avoid is most characteristic of

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exposure therapies

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Automatic processing occurs without

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conscious awareness

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The first psychological therapy was introduced by

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Sigmund Freud

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Double-blind studies enable researchers to assess the extent to which drug therapy outcomes are attributable to

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placebo effect

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Aaron Beck has used gentle questioning intended to reveal depressed clients' irrational thinking. His therapeutic approach best illustrates

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cognitive therapy

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Surgically cutting the nerves connecting the frontal lobes to the emotion-controlling centers of the inner brain is called

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lobotomy

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In treating alcohol dependency, therapists have clients consume alcohol that contains a nausea-producing drug. This technique is known as

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aversive conditioning

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Lithium has been found to be especially effective in the treatment of

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bipolar disorder

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A famous 12-step program is associated with

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AA

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Psychological research on the principles of learning has most directly influenced the development of

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behavior therapy

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Which of the following procedures is most likely to result in a loss of memory

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electroconvulsive therapy

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a synapse is a

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junction between a sending neuron and a receiving neuron

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Rapidly moving one's eyes while recalling traumatic experiences is most descriptive of

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EMDR

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Three benefits attributed to all psychotherapies are

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hope, a new perspective and a caring relationship

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Which of the following is a measure of the degree of variation among a set of events?

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standard deviation

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Mental health therapies that involve prescribed drugs or other procedures that act directly on a patient's nervous system are

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biomedical therapies

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Carl Rogers is known for the development of

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client-centered therapy

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Electroconvulsive therapy has proven to be effective in the treatment of

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depression

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Systematic desensitization is a form of ________, which is a type of ________.

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counterconditioning; behavior therapy

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Carl Rogers referred to a caring, nonjudgmental attitude as

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Unconditional positive regard

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Colette received a surprisingly high grade on her first biology test. She failed to perform as well on the second test, however, even though she studied equally for both tests. Which of the following best explains Colette's deteriorating pattern of performance?

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regression toward the mean

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Two counterconditioning techniques for replacing unwanted responses include

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aversive conditioning and exposure therapy

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Who suggested that we feel sorry because we cry . . . afraid because we tremble?

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William James

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Meta-analysis refers to

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procedure for statistically combining the results of many different studies.

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An integrated therapy that aims to modify both self-defeating thinking and maladaptive actions is known as

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cognitive-behavioral therapy

Psychology Mod 52 – 54 – Flashcards

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