Psychology: Chapter 3 Test Questions – Flashcards
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Consciousness
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Own awareness of ourselves and our environment
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Duel Processing (high and low track)
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The principle the information is often simultaneously processed on separate consciousness and unconscious tracks
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Blindsight
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A condition in which a person can respond to a visual stimulus without consciously experiencing it
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Selective attention
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The focusing of conscious awareness on a particular stimulus
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Circadian Rhythm
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The body's natural 24-hour cycle; day/night
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REM Sleep
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Rapid eye movements, heart rate rises and breathing becomes rapid, (Sleep paralysis and paradoxical sleep), genitals are aroused but not by dreams
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Alpha Waves
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Slow brain waves of a relaxed, awake state.
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Delta Waves
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Large, slow brain waves associated with deep sleep
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Insomnia
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Persisten inability to fall asleep or stay asleep
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Narcolepsy
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Sleep attacks; even a collapse in REM/paralyzes sleep at random times
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Sleep Apnea
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Repeated awakening after breathing stops
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Night terrors
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Sudden scared-looking behavior w/ rapid heartbeat and breathing
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REM rebound
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The tendency for REM sleep to increase following REM sleep deprivation (repeated awakenings)
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Hypnosis
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Cooperative social actions in which one person is in a state of being likely to respond to suggestions from another person
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Substance use disorder
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Bigger Tolerance, More Withdrawal, Using more than intended persistent, failed attempts to regulate use, Much time spent preoccupied with the substance, obtaining it, and recovering, important activities reduced because of use, Continued use despite aversive consequences
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Tolerance
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Being able to handle more after repeated use; increases the more a drug is being used
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Withdrawal
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Painful symptoms of the body readjusting to the absence of the drug
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Addiction
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Compulsive drug craving and use, despite adverse consequences
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Depressants
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Chemicals that reduce neural activity and other body functions (alcohol, barbiturates, and opiates)
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Stimulants
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Drugs which intensify neural activity and bodily functions (Caffeine, nicotine, cocaine, amphetamines)
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Alcohol
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Slow neural processing, reduced memory formation, and impaired self-control
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Barbiturates
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Tranquilizers; drugs that depress central nervous system activity, reducing anxiety but imparting memory and judgement
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Opiates
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Highly Addictive Depressants (morphine and heroin), depress neural activity, temporarily lessening pain and anxiety
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Amphetamines
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Drugs that stimulate neural activity, causing speeded up body functions and associated energy and mood changes
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Nicotine
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a stimulating highly addictive psychoactive drug in tobacco
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Hallucinogens
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False sensory experiences, such as seeing something in the absence of an external visual stimulus
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1. Which of the following is NOT true regarding our circadian rhythm? a. Our circadian rhythm can be altered by age. b. Our circadian rhythm can be altered by experience. c. People who are "morning types" are more vulnerable to depression. d. People who are "morning types" tend to do better in school.
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c. People who are "morning types" are more vulnerable to depression.
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2. During which stage of sleep does the body experience increased heart rate, rapid breathing, and genital arousal? a. NREM-2 b. NREM-3 c. NREM-1 d. REM sleep
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D. REM Sleep
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3. The effects of chronic sleep deprivation include a. suppression of the immune system. b. diminished productivity. c. depression. d. all of these effects.
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D. all of the above
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4. Which of the following is NOT an example of a biological rhythm? a. the circadian rhythm b. the 90-minute sleep cycle c. the four sleep stages d. sudden sleep attacks during the day
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d. sudden sleep attacks during the day
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5. Hypnotic responsiveness is a. the same in all people. b. generally greater in women than men. c. generally greater in men than women. d. greater when people are led to expect it.
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d. greater when people are led to expect it.
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Prior to the 20th century psychology was considered to be the study of?
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Consciousness
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A large amount of our mental activity occurs outside our awareness thanks to our capacity for ________ ____________
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Duel processing
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You typically fail to consciously perceive that your own nose is in your line of vision. This best illustrates?
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Selective Attention
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Standing in the checkout line at the grocery store, Jerry kept looking at his watch to see the time. As a result, he failed to see that a store employee was being robbed by a person just in front of him. Jerry most clearly suffered from ____________
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Inattentional blindness
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Human body temperatures typically do what in the morning and what at night?
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Rise with the approach of morning and fall with approach of night
